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Objective: Dysphagia has an increasing incidence rate in the pediatric population. Various methods are used for diagnosing dysphagia. In this study we aimed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of deglutition therapy with ultrasound imaging in the pediatric patients who have presented to our department with complaints of dysphagia. Methods: Twenty-five pediatric dysphagia patients were included in the study. Deglutition rehabilitation was applied to all patients. Modified barium swallow study (MBSS) and ffunctional endoscopic swallow study (FESS) were performed. Results were analyzed with deglutition assessment scales. All patients underwent ultrasound examination in which tongue base cross-sectional area, submental muscle (digastric, mylohyoid, genio-hyoid) cross-sectional thickness and hyoid elevation were examined. All examinations, assessment scales and US imaging were repeated following their therapies. The data were statistically compared. Results: Pediatric EAT-10 (pEAT-10) scores were significantly decreased after the therapy (p<0.001). There was a significant improvement in the scale scores based on the patients' post-therapeutic examination findings (p<0.001 on all scales). In ultrasound examination of the patients, submental muscle thicknesses, tongue base cross-sectional areas and hyoid elevation levels were seen to have significantly increased after the therapy (p<0.001 in all measurements). Post-therapeutic comparison of the ultrasound examination results and the clinical scales showed that only the increase in the cross-sectional area of the tongue base was correlated with the decrease in PAS (penetration/aspiration scale) and pEAT-10 scores (p<0.05). Post-therapeutic ultrasound comparison of the submental muscle thickness and the increase in the cross-sectional area of the tongue base with the increase in the hyoid elevation level showed that the increase in digastric muscle thickness was correlated with the increase in the hyoid elevation level (p=0.012). Conclusion: Ultrasound measurement is a suitable, efficient and reliable method for the diagnostic and post-therapeutic assessment of deglutition in the pediatric population. Given the disadvantages of other screening methods, ultrasound imaging is a preferable method for the evaluation of dysphagia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]