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Aim: With the increase in using assisted reproductive techniques (ART) the pregnancy rates complicated with prematurity and multiple gestation show a significant increase. The aim of the study is to evaluate the neonatal mortality, morbidity and short term prognosis in infants born after ART. Material and Method: Hundred twenty two newborns born after ART and admitted to our Neonatology Clinic between January to December 2007 were included. Patients' hospital records were evaluated retrospectively in terms of perinatal and neonatal medical data including congenital anomalies, neonatal mortality and morbidity related to complication of preterm birth such as chronic lung disease, intracranial hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity. The control group included all babies of normal pregnancy admitted to our Clinic in this period. Independent samples t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The study group included 123 ART babies. Prematurity rate was 95.6%, congenital anomaly 8.9% and mortality 20.3%. Of those, 90.2% showed a history of multiple pregnancy. In comparison with normal pregnancy, ART babies have lower birth weight, higher mortality and congenital anomaly rates. Conclusions: The pregnancies after ART carry higher risk of multiple pregnancy, low birth weight and congenital abnormality which play a role in increased neonatal mortality and morbidity rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]