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Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disorder featuring left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, and a poor prognosis. The etiology is still unclear, despite diagnostic and therapeutic developments. This study was an evaluation of factors affecting the life span of a group of idiopathic DCM patients. Methods: A total of 79 patients from between October 2005 and October 2017 with a diagnosis of idiopathic DCM were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, clinical information, left ventricular function, treatment, and follow-up of the patients were reviewed based on hospital records. Age, gender, parental consanguinity, cardiomegaly on telecardiography, reduced ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (SF), degree of mitral regurgitation, and intracardiac thrombosis were determined to affect prognosis. Results: The patients were aged 20+-60 months, and the male/female ratio was 1.02/1. The patients most frequently presented with heart failure signs and symptoms (n=59, 74.7%). The most common physical examination findings were a murmur (n=53, 67.1%) and tachycardia (n=48, 60.8%). Cardiomegaly was observed on telecardiography in 73.4% of the patients. The EF and SF values were 35.7+-12.6% and 17.3+-6.5%, respectively. In all, 42 (53.2%) patients had mitral regurgitation of grade 2 or higher. The duration of follow-up was between 1 and 156 months (20+-34.9 months). Intracardiac thrombosis was detected in 4 (5.1%) patients. The mortality rate was 36.7%. When the prognostic factors were compared according to survival time, it was determined that survival was reduced in cases of parental consanguinity, low EF, and cardiomegaly. Conclusion: The most important negative markers affecting the length of survival of DCM patients were parental consanguinity, cardiomegaly detected on telecardiography, and a reduced EF level.

Ozet- Cift cikisli sag ventrikul hem aorta hem de pulmoner arterin sag ventrikulden ciktigi bir kalp malformasyonudur. Ventrikul septumda defekt bulunmayan cift cikisli sag vent- rikul oldukca nadir gorulur. Dogum agirligi 3200 gr olan ve 38 haftada dogan 9 gunluk erkek bebek siyanoz ve ufurum nedeni ile gonderildi. Hastanin oz gecmisinde ozellik yoktu. Fizik muayenede sternumun sag kenarinda kalp aktivitesi ve 2/6 sistolik ufurum bulunmaktaydi. Diger system muayenele- ri normaldi. Hastanin oda havasinda oksijen yogunlugu %84 idi. Elektrokardiyografisinde D2, D3 ve aVF'de derin q dal- galari mevcuttu. Ekokardiyografi incelemesinde sol atriyum izomerizmi, dekstrokardi, genis yuksek venozum tipi atriyum septumu defekti, ventrikul septumunun saglam olusu ile bir- likte cift cikisli sag ventrikul, buyuk arterlerin malpozisyonu ve pulmoner stenoz izlendi. Tani dogrulanmasi acisindan kateter-anjiyografi yapildi. Bu yazida, yendiogan doneminde siyanoz ve ufurumu olan, ventrikul septumu normal bulunan ve cift cikisli sag ventrikul tanisi konan bir olgu sunuldu. Summary- Double outlet right ventricle is a cardiac malfor- mation in which both the aorta and pulmonary artery arise from the right ventricle. A double outlet right ventricle with in- tact ventricular septum is extremely rare. A nine-day-old boy born at 38 weeks with a birth weight of 3200 g was referred due to cyanosis and murmur. The history of the patient was nonsignificant. On the physical examination, oxygen satura- tion of the patient on room air was 84%, and cardiac activity and a 2/6 systolic murmur at the right sternal border were found. On electrocardiography, deep q's were determined in D2, D3, and aVF. On echocardiography, left atrial isomer- ism, dextrocardia, wide, high venosum atrial septal defect, double outlet right ventricle with intact ventricular septum, malposition of the great arteries, and moderate pulmonary stenosis were observed. Catheter angiography was per- formed for diagnostic confirmation. Herein, a newborn with cyanosis and murmur diagnosed as double outlet right ven- tricle with intact ventricular septum is reported. 190

Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast is defined as a phenomenon of discrete reflections appearing in the cardiac chambers or great vessels. It has been associated with several conditions leading to microbubble formation or low blood flow. This is a report of a neonate with spontaneous echocardiographic contrast related to patent ductus venosus.

Tracheal bronchus includes a variety of bronchial anomalies arising in the trachea or main bronchus and directed toward the upper-lobe territory. Reported incidence varies from 1–3% in the pediatric population. It is generally associated with other congenital malformations, including costovertebral anomalies, congenital airway and lung anomalies, vascular anomalies, and congenital heart defects. Presently described was the case of a 14-year-old female with tracheal right-upper-lobe bronchus, right aortic arch with mirror image, and abnormal left upper pulmonary venous return to innominate vein.

The numerous variations of abnormalities of the inferior vena cava (IVC) result in anomalies such as isolated left IVC, double IVC and more than 60 types of malformation. These anomalies are rare and recognized incidentally during surgical or radiological procedures. They may lead to clinical complications during abdominal surgery, and predispose to venous thrombosis. Although they have no definite relationship to other congenital cardiac lesions, identification of these anomalies are important for pre-operative planning and post-operative follow-up. This report presents two cases of congenital IVC anomalies accompanied by congenital heart diseases.