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International audience; Ageing of the population, urban sprawl and car dependency will change travel patterns. The main objective of this paper is to give elements for a better understanding of the impact of changing demographics on the long term evolution of daily mobility using demographic-based models to forecast, for the elderly population, car-ownership, trip frequency, distance traveled, average trip distance. A second objective is to measure the impact of the long term tendencies observed on the appearance of new needs of travel demand such as a rapid increase of demand-responsive transport. The paper compares two agglomerations, both in a strong ageing process, but in quite different sociocultural contexts: a large European metropolis: Paris, and a medium sized north-american city: Montreal. Many common conclusions derived from the two different cases studies reinforce the possibility of generalizing the conclusions to other situations.

Nationwide Transport Surveys and Time‐Use Surveys both reflect the daily agendas and schedules of the reporting individuals and should therefore yield comparable indicators of travel behaviour; for instance: immobility rate (share of persons not leaving the home on any one day), daily travel time, and number of trips per day. These two surveys exist in three countries from the same time period: Belgium, France, Great Britain. The comparisons demonstrate that they tell parallel stories, but that the levels of the variables are significantly different with lower immobility rates and longer travel times reported in the Time‐Use Surveys. These surveys should therefore be integrated in the analysis of travel behaviour analysis as a crucial yardstick. In Europe, where Nationwide Travel Surveys are intermittent and not harmonized, the harmonised Time‐Use Surveys allow for crucial European‐wide comparisions across time and space.