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Titanium silicate-1 (TS-1) was treated with a mixed alkaline of tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) and NaOH. It was characterized by XRD, nitrogen physical adsorption, SEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis and ICP-OES, and studied in propylene epoxidation. The mixed alkaline treatment with TPAOH/NaOH solution did not destroy the MFI structure of TS-1. With increasing NaOH concentrations, the relative crystallinity and the framework titanium decreased to some extent while the mesopore volume, mesopore diameter, and extra-framework titanium increased appreciably. When NaOH concentration was 0.0333 mol L, the best catalytic performance was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]