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"The pedagogical caring as aid relationship". This article examines the theoretical-pedagogical plan of the concept of “care” (self-care, care of other, care of the world) in relation to the deep and native meaning of epimeleia heautou, emphasizing its value and actuality and the inseparable nexus with the ethics. On the furrow traced by Michel Foucault, the objective is to show that the capacity of taking care, as fundamental ethical act, allows to think a subjectivity that constitutes itself, rather than being constituted.

In the course of a very long period of time, the body of the different has had to contend, at the price of many sufferings, with the clichés of a stereotypical normality. The diversity has existed for a long time as a negation of normality. The conformity to standard is always a problem still open which poses challenges and dilemmas with respect to everything that is not socially ‘normalized’. There is still the risk of a dis-human discrimination that, appealing to a need for normalization and, then, graders, does not recognize at the human being, by virtue and in respect for his ontology, a diversity structurally unique and inviolable that expresses itself in infinites ways to being-in-the-world.

The model of the politic of difference, proposed by Charles Taylor, in the wake of a conception of liberalism ‘hospitable’, unfolds in a journey aimed to comply with the ontological dimensions of the dignity of different cultures, of cultural traditions and ways of life. Being a self, constructed in terms of dialogue and dialectic of mutual recognition between cultures, refers, in the Charles Taylor’s reflection, to the safeguarding of single, intersubjective or common meanings of specific social, moral, narrative spaces.

This paper, starting from the question “Which etichs for what future?”, retraces a few streets of ethical reflection, subdividing the exploration in moments of classical Greece (with Socrates, Plato and Aristotle), of modernity (with Kant, developments science, Hegel) and of the current globalized world (with Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel). The problem of values, in particular, and of ethics, in general, arises today, as in the past, in a double sense: regards, on the one hand, their possible foundation or legitimation, on the other, their possible sharing and acceptance by all members of the community. Discourse ethics, especially in the version theorized by Karl-Otto Apel, appears more congenial in outlining the minimum basis of a common ethics shared, guaranteed by the universal consensus of ethics intrinsic to the discourse.

Abstract: Review of "Contemporary Philosophies" - This contribution is a review of the book edited by Michele Borrelli and Raúl Fornet-Betancourt titled "Contemporary Philosophies" in which it is proposed a journey in the contemporary philosophical world through the reading of some reflections of its protagonists. It is an excursus about the major turning points in the history of the contemporary philosophy, whose explosive impact (you needonly think of the transcendental-pragmatics perspective of Karl-Otto Apel, the philosophy of liberation, the ‘Praxis Group’, the ‘Budapest School’, the ‘weak thought’) has created and produced a wide range of transformations and consequences in the context of the philosophical thought.

Abstract: “Critical Thought”: Presentation of the volume in honour of Prof. Michele Borrelli (International Centre of Philosophy Karl-Otto Apel - Wednesday, April 4, 2012, 16.00/20.00) - This paper has been presented during the public presentation of the volume “Critical Thought” that collects some international writings in honour of the philosopher and the pedagogist Michele Borrelli. The paper focus on some pillars of the Michele Borrelli’s research activity: the relationship between philosophy and pedagogy; the dialectic subject-society and the pedagogical consequences; theactuality of the critical thought.

This essay discusses the foundation of educational theory by means of the comparison with centrals principles of Kant’s ethical.