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51cr-Platelet Kinetics was studied in 197 patients with Chronic ITP of which 111 were submitted to splenectomy after the study.Platelet half life-span was always decreased (< 24 hours).Platelet, sequestration was splenic, spleno-hepatic, hepato-splenic, hepatic and diffuse in 56%, 18%, 1%, 6% and 19% of patients respectively. Platelet life-span and sequestration were not correlated with sex, age, platelet number, duration and severity of disease.101 patients with splenic and spleno-hepatic platelet sequestration underwent splenectomy. Their follow-up is 1-5 years. Complete (steady platelet level > 150,000μl) or partial (platelet level in between 80,000 and 15,000/μ1) remission was obtained in 83% and 6% of them respectively. In 10 patients with non-splenic platelet segue-stration complete and partial remission’after splenectomy were observed in 5 and 1 gases respectively. 51Cr-Platelet Kinetics is a reliable and useful predictor of the therapeutic value of splenectomy. However splenectomy should be considered also in selected case with non splenic platelet sequestration.