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Aim: The objective of the study is to describe the characteristics of subjects under opiate maintenance treatment by general practionners (GPs)., Method: Data analysis from observatory for pharmacodependency in ambulatory medicine survey (observation des pharmacodépendances en médecine ambulatoire [OPEMA]) program in 2013 of the subjects under high dosage buprenorphine (HDB) and methadone prescribed or obtained illegally reported by GPs in France., Results: Survey concerned consumers with 862, 433 and 429 of high dosage buprenorphine and respectively methadone. The average age is 39±9 years respectively, and 36±8 years; over 70% are male; 55% have paid employment and over 30% report social benefits; 9% are in temporary housing. In both groups, more than 50% have anxiety and depression; over 25% have associated somatic disorders and digestive diseases, respiratory, pain is the most common. Almost 99% use oral route; nearly 100% have a daily consumption and about 20% of the alcohol concomitantly; 24% of HDB use benzodiazepines and 18% of the methadone group (P=0.06); 33% of the population using methadone consume illicit psychoactive substances and 21% for HDB population (P<0.0001), in particular cannabis (P<0.0001). Heroin and cocaine are also consumed., Conclusion: The population consuming opiate maintenance treatments shows social, somatic and psychiatric vulnerability. Misuse associated forms and consumption of other psychoactive substances and illegal drugs are observed. Despite the complexity of management of these patients, general practitioners have a major role to play., (Copyright © 2016 Société française de pharmacologie et de thérapeutique. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Aim. This study presents the OPEMA (Observation des pharmacodépendances en médecine ambulatoire) programme and the main results of its last annual survey (november 2010). Method. Collected data concern mainly subjects' sociodemographic situation, their state of health and their current consumption of psychoactive substance. Results. In 2010, 1394 subjects have been included, describing 2 450 consumptions of psychoactive susbtance. Their mean age is 38,2±12,7 years. Eighty-six per cent have a stable accomodation and 52% are in employment. Fifty-six percent of included subjects present a psychiatric comorbidity. Among included subjects, HIV and HVC prevalence is respectively 3% and 20%. Fourty-five percent of included subjects have been using intraveinous route, 6% of whom using it currently. Eighty-two percent consume opiate maintenance treatment and 29% benzodiazepines. Conclusion. The OPEMA programme supplement the french pharmacodependence assessment system with collecting data from general practitioners, and promotes a global knowledge of dependent subjects' state of health., (© 2012 Société Française de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique.)