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Abstract: There are various techniques for reconstructing phylogenetic trees from data, and in this context the problem of determining how distant two such trees are from each other arises naturally. Various metrics for measuring the distance between two phylogenies have been defined. Another way of comparing two trees and is to compute the so called maximum agreement forest of these trees. Informally, the number of components of an agreement forest tells how many edges from each of and need to be cut so that the resulting forests agree, after performing all forced edge contractions. This problem is -hard even when the input trees have maximum degree 2. Hein et al. [J. Hein, T. Jiang, L. Wang, K. Zhang, On the complexity of comparing evolutionary trees, Discrete Applied Mathematics 71 (1996) 153–169] presented an approximation algorithm for it, claimed to have performance ratio 3. We show that the performance ratio of the algorithm proposed by Hein et al. is 4, and we also present two new 3-approximation algorithms for this problem. We show how to modify one of the algorithms into a -approximation algorithm for trees with bounded degree , . Finally, we report on some computational experiments comparing the performance of the algorithms presented in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Given a set of positive numbers, the max–min partition problem asks for a k-partition such that the minimum part is maximized. The min–ratio partition problem has the similar definition but the objective is to minimize the ratio of the maximum to the minimum parts. In this paper, we analyze the performances of the longest processing time (LPT) algorithm for the two problems. We show that the tight bounds of the LPT are, respectively and . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]