1. The Global Diet Quality Score Is Inversely Associated with Nutrient Inadequacy, Low Midupper Arm Circumference, and Anemia in Rural Adults in Ten Sub-Saharan African Countries
- Author
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Michelle D. Holmes, Sabri Bromage, Megan Deitchler, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju, Teresa T. Fung, Walter C. Willett, Sonia Ehrlich Sachs, Yiwen Zhang, Meir J. Stampfer, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Roseline Remans, Carolina Batis, Yanping Li, and Jessica Fanzo
- Subjects
sub-Saharan Africa ,Adult ,Male ,Rural Population ,Vitamin ,double burden of malnutrition ,Adolescent ,Anemia ,dietary diversity ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Overweight ,AcademicSubjects/MED00060 ,Young Adult ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,nutrition transition ,Nutrition transition ,medicine ,Humans ,Micronutrients ,Prospective cohort study ,noncommunicable disease ,Africa South of the Sahara ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Anthropometry ,Nutritional epidemiology ,business.industry ,Malnutrition ,Millennium Villages Project ,Nutrients ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,diet quality metrics ,Obesity ,Diet ,nutritional epidemiology ,chemistry ,Arm ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00960 ,Female ,Dietary Proteins ,GDQS ,Diet, Healthy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Supplement ,nutrient adequacy ,Demography - Abstract
Background Key nutrient deficits remain widespread throughout sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) whereas noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) now cause one-third of deaths. Easy-to-use metrics are needed to track contributions of diet quality to this double burden. Objectives We evaluated comparative performance of a novel food-based Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) against other diet metrics in capturing nutrient adequacy and undernutrition in rural SSA adults. Methods We scored the GDQS, Minimum Dietary Diversity–Women (MDD-W), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010 (AHEI-2010) using FFQ data from rural men and nonpregnant, nonlactating women of reproductive age (15–49 y) in 10 SSA countries. We evaluated Spearman correlations between metrics and energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, and age-adjusted associations with BMI, midupper arm circumference (MUAC), and hemoglobin in regression models. Results Correlations between the GDQS and an energy-adjusted aggregate measure of dietary protein, fiber, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, folate, and vitamin B-12 adequacy were 0.34 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.38) in men and 0.37 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.41) in women. The GDQS was associated (P
- Published
- 2021