1. Soy Protein Isolate Increases Urinary Estrogens and the Ratio of 2:16α-Hydroxyestrone in Men at High Risk of Prostate Cancer
- Author
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Salome A. Rebello, Jill M. Hamilton-Reeves, Mindy S. Kurzer, William Thomas, and Joel W. Slaton
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hydroxyestrones ,medicine.drug_class ,Urinary system ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Phytoestrogens ,16alpha-Hydroxyestrone ,Urine ,16 alpha-hydroxyestrone ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Prostate cancer ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Soy protein ,Aged ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Estrogens ,Middle Aged ,Isoflavones ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Estrogen ,Soybean Proteins ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Specific estrogen metabolites may initiate and promote hormone-related cancers. In epidemiological studies, significantly lower excretion of urinary estradiol (E2) and lower ratio of urinary 2-hydroxy estrogens to 16alpha-hydroxyestrone (2:16 OH-E1) have been reported in prostate cancer cases compared to controls. Although soy supplementation has been shown to increase the ratio 2:16 OH-E1 in women, no studies to our knowledge have investigated the effects of soy supplementation on estrogen metabolism in men. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the effects of soy protein isolate consumption on estrogen metabolism in men at high risk for developing advanced prostate cancer. Fifty-eight men supplemented their habitual diets with 1 of 3 protein isolates: 1) isoflavone-rich soy protein isolate (SPI+) (107 mg isoflavones/d); 2) alcohol-washed soy protein isolate (SPI-) (
- Published
- 2007
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