1. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Immunosuppressed Individuals
- Author
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Dan H. Barouch, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Kunza Ahmad, Annika Gompers, Jessica L Ansel, Het Patel, Jingyou Yu, Marjorie Rowe, Caroline Atyeo, Julia Barrett, Galit Alter, Ricardo Aguayo, Martha Pavlakis, Michele R. Hacker, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Abishek Chandrashekar, Jinyan Liu, Zachary P. Fricker, Katherine McMahan, Michael P. Curry, and Daniel Sellers
- Subjects
COVID-19 Vaccines ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,CoV ,T cells ,Antibodies, Viral ,vaccine immunogenicity ,Immunogenicity, Vaccine ,Vaccine Immunogenicity ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,COVID ,SARS ,Messenger RNA ,Vaccines, Synthetic ,biology ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Brief Report ,COVID-19 ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Vaccination ,immunocompromised ,Infectious Diseases ,Antibody response ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,19 vaccine ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,mRNA Vaccines ,Antibody ,business - Abstract
Individuals on immunosuppressive (IS) therapy have increased mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and delayed viral clearance may lead to new viral variants. IS therapy reduces antibody responses following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination; however, a comprehensive assessment of vaccine immunogenicity is lacking. Here we show that IS therapy reduced neutralizing, binding, and nonneutralizing antibody functions in addition to CD4 and CD8 T-cell interferon-γ responses following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination compared to immunocompetent individuals. Moreover, IS therapy reduced cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. These data suggest that the standard COVID-19 mRNA vaccine regimens will likely not provide optimal protection in immunocompromised individuals., Individuals on immunosuppression for various indications have impaired neutralizing, binding, and nonneutralizing antibody responses and reduced T-cell activity in response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination compared to immunocompetent controls. This suggests that standard vaccination may not result in protective immunity in this population.
- Published
- 2021