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A 54-year-old female suffered from repeated flank pain. A large, irregular cystic mass that compressed and distorted the left pelviocalyceal system was found. She underwent left nephrectomy. The cyst arose from the inner zone of the kidney. Although monolocular grossly, it was compatible with the multilocular cystic nephroma on the microscopic examination.

Using new criteria for histological effects of anti-cancer treatment, the effects of hormono-chemotherapy on 10 patients with prostatic cancer not previously treated were compared with those on 10 patients who received conventional hormone therapy. Marked effects were observed in 4 (40%) patients received hormono-chemotherapy but not observed in patients who received conventional hormone therapy (chi 2 test, p less than 0.05). All four cases who showed marked effects were in stage B at the beginning of treatment. Hormonal effects were more obvious in well differentiated cancer, and the effects of chemotherapy were observed in some cases with moderately and poorly differentiated cancer. Therefore, the addition of chemotherapy is recommended as the initial therapy on prostatic cancer to reduce the relapsing rate, especially for patients with poorly and moderately differentiated cancer.

Last year, we reported that human papilloma virus type 16 genome (HPV 16 genome) was detected in a case (S.Y.) of bladder carcinoma in situ (bladder CIS) (Cancer Res., 1988). Since then, a number of bladder tumors other than CIS were searched for HPV genome. However, no HPV genome was detected in the bladder tumors. From the results, we consider that HPV may not have a relation with all types of bladder tumor but with only a part of it. In the current report, the case (S.Y.) is presented more precisely than before, in particular on the characteristic bladder lesion. The patient was a 40-year-old female with immunodeficiency and anemia who was referred from a hospital with a complaint of asymptomatic pyuria. Cystoscopic examination revealed a bladder tumor, well-demarcated, white and velvety lesion with slight elevation. On November 25, 1987, she underwent total cystectomy, resection of the anterior vaginal wall and of a part of vulval skin, and ileal conduit formation. Postoperative course was stormy because of bleeding from the wounds and thrombophlebitis in the right femoral vein. In spite of the episodes, she eventually recovered and was discharged 2 months later. However she was readmitted 9 months later due to severe anemia which was ascribed to acute myelogenous leukemia. She is now on cancer chemotherapy for leukemia.