1. Disentangling the genetics of lean mass.
- Author
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Karasik, David, Zillikens, M Carola, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Aghdassi, Ali, Akesson, Kristina, Amin, Najaf, Barroso, Inês, Bennett, David A, Bertram, Lars, Bochud, Murielle, Borecki, Ingrid B, Broer, Linda, Buchman, Aron S, Byberg, Liisa, Campbell, Harry, Campos-Obando, Natalia, Cauley, Jane A, Cawthon, Peggy M, Chambers, John C, Chen, Zhao, Cho, Nam H, Choi, Hyung Jin, Chou, Wen-Chi, Cummings, Steven R, de Groot, Lisette CPGM, De Jager, Phillip L, Demuth, Ilja, Diatchenko, Luda, Econs, Michael J, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Enneman, Anke W, Eriksson, Joel, Eriksson, Johan G, Estrada, Karol, Evans, Daniel S, Feitosa, Mary F, Fu, Mao, Gieger, Christian, Grallert, Harald, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Lenore, Launer J, Hayward, Caroline, Hofman, Albert, Homuth, Georg, Huffman, Kim M, Husted, Lise B, Illig, Thomas, Ingelsson, Erik, Ittermann, Till, Jansson, John-Olov, Johnson, Toby, Biffar, Reiner, Jordan, Joanne M, Jula, Antti, Karlsson, Magnus, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Klopp, Norman, Kloth, Jacqueline SL, Koller, Daniel L, Kooner, Jaspal S, Kraus, William E, Kritchevsky, Stephen, Kutalik, Zoltán, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lahti, Jari, Lang, Thomas, Langdahl, Bente L, Lerch, Markus M, Lewis, Joshua R, Lill, Christina, Lind, Lars, Lindgren, Cecilia, Liu, Yongmei, Livshits, Gregory, Ljunggren, Östen, Loos, Ruth JF, Lorentzon, Mattias, Luan, Jian'an, Luben, Robert N, Malkin, Ida, McGuigan, Fiona E, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Meitinger, Thomas, Melhus, Håkan, Mellström, Dan, Michaëlsson, Karl, Mitchell, Braxton D, Morris, Andrew P, Mosekilde, Leif, Nethander, Maria, Newman, Anne B, O'Connell, Jeffery R, Oostra, Ben A, Orwoll, Eric S, Palotie, Aarno, Peacock, Munro, and Perola, Markus
- Subjects
Muscle ,Skeletal ,Adipose Tissue ,Body Fluid Compartments ,Humans ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,Receptor ,Melanocortin ,Type 4 ,Extracellular Matrix Proteins ,Absorptiometry ,Photon ,Body Composition ,Electric Impedance ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Middle Aged ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Female ,Male ,Versicans ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Young Adult ,ADAMTS Proteins ,Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO ,body composition ,skeletal muscle ,body fat ,meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies ,metabolic profile ,Prevention ,Genetics ,Human Genome ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Nutrition & Dietetics ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences - Abstract
BackgroundLean body mass (LM) plays an important role in mobility and metabolic function. We previously identified five loci associated with LM adjusted for fat mass in kilograms. Such an adjustment may reduce the power to identify genetic signals having an association with both lean mass and fat mass.ObjectivesTo determine the impact of different fat mass adjustments on genetic architecture of LM and identify additional LM loci.MethodsWe performed genome-wide association analyses for whole-body LM (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, age2, and height with or without fat mass adjustments (Model 1 no fat adjustment; Model 2 adjustment for fat mass as a percentage of body mass; Model 3 adjustment for fat mass in kilograms).ResultsSeven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in separate loci, including one novel LM locus (TNRC6B), were successfully replicated in an additional 47,227 individuals from 29 cohorts. Based on the strengths of the associations in Model 1 vs Model 3, we divided the LM loci into those with an effect on both lean mass and fat mass in the same direction and refer to those as "sumo wrestler" loci (FTO and MC4R). In contrast, loci with an impact specifically on LM were termed "body builder" loci (VCAN and ADAMTSL3). Using existing available genome-wide association study databases, LM increasing alleles of SNPs in sumo wrestler loci were associated with an adverse metabolic profile, whereas LM increasing alleles of SNPs in "body builder" loci were associated with metabolic protection.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we identified one novel LM locus (TNRC6B). Our results suggest that a genetically determined increase in lean mass might exert either harmful or protective effects on metabolic traits, depending on its relation to fat mass.
- Published
- 2019