1. Relation of Cardiac Complications in the Early Phase of Community-Acquired Pneumonia to Long-Term Mortality and Cardiovascular Events
- Author
-
Roberto Cangemi, Sergio Morelli, Maria Gabriella Scarpellini, Lucia Fazi, Francesco Barillà, Francesco Violi, Elisa Manzini, Gloria Taliani, Cristiana Franchi, Camilla Calvieri, Simona Battaglia, Elisabetta Rossi, Marco Antonio Casciaro, Lucia Fontanelli Sulekova, Daniele Pastori, Laura Giordo, Paolo Marinelli, Giulio Francesco Romiti, Luisa Solimando, Alessandro Russo, Marco Falcone, Filippo Toriello, Pasquale Pignatelli, S. Grieco, Michela Mordenti, Maurizio De Angelis, Giuliano Bertazzoni, Paolo Palange, Elisa Biliotti, Stefano Trapè, Paolo De Marzio, Cinzia Myriam Calabrese, Marco Rivano Capparuccia, Tommaso Bucci, Eleonora Ruscio, and Rozenn Esvan
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,community-acquired pneumonia ,Time Factors ,Aged ,80 and over ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Community-Acquired Infections ,Female ,Follow-Up Studies ,Hospitalization ,Humans ,Middle Aged ,Pneumonia ,Prospective Studies ,Risk Factors ,Survival Analysis ,Medicine (all) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Settore MED/11 ,cardiovascular events ,Community-acquired pneumonia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Myocardial infarction ,Prospective cohort study ,Stroke ,Survival analysis ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,mortality ,Atrial fibrillation ,medicine.disease ,Cardiology ,business - Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is complicated by cardiac events in the early phase of the disease. Aim of this study was to assess if these intrahospital cardiac complications may account for overall mortality and cardiovascular events occurring during a long-term follow-up. Three hundred one consecutive patients admitted to the University-Hospital, Policlinico Umberto I, with community-acquired pneumonia were prospectively recruited and followed up for a median of 17.4 months. Primary end point was the occurrence of death for any cause, and secondary end point was the occurrence of cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI], and stroke). During the intrahospital stay, 55 patients (18%) experienced a cardiac complication. Of these, 32 had an MI (29 non-ST-elevation MI and 3 ST-elevation MI) and 30 had a new episode of atrial fibrillation (7 nonmutually exclusive events). During the follow-up, 89 patients died (51% of patients with an intrahospital cardiac complication and 26% of patients without, p0.001) and 73 experienced a cardiovascular event (47% of patients with and 19% of patients without an intrahospital cardiac complication, p0.001). A Cox regression analysis showed that intrahospital cardiac complications, age, and Pneumonia Severity Index were significantly associated with overall mortality, whereas intrahospital cardiac complications, age, hypertension, and diabetes were significantly associated with cardiovascular events during the follow-up. In conclusion, this prospective study shows that intrahospital cardiac complications in the early phase of pneumonia are associated with an enhanced risk of death and cardiovascular events during long-term follow-up.
- Published
- 2015