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In developing countries, the need of practical facilities such as teaching aids and laboratories equipment is still a problem in education. This Inadequate laboratory equipment will affect learning outcomes, and the quality of graduates. The high price of commercial equipment is one of the factors. Therefore, there has been a lot of research to develop low-cost laboratory. This article aims to review the development of low-cost laboratory and how they have implemented in learning. The Systematic Literature Review method is used to overview the implementation of low-cost laboratories in the learning. The synthesis of articles refers to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The published articles used in this study were obtained from the IEEE Xplore database for publication from 2017 – 2021. After the articles are selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 articles were obtained for use. The results of this study indicate that a low-cost laboratory can be an alternative solution to the high price of commercial equipment, and as a learning aid to improve learning outcomes. The methods used in implementing low-cost laboratories are design, research and development and experimentation. The use of low-cost laboratories in learning activities shows a positive impact on improving the quality of learning outcomes

Employability skills are the skills needed to acquire, retain, and do a good job. Employability skills are essential in helping prepare students to increase competitiveness and work productivity. The world of work wants graduates to be competitive and technically competent with skills relevant to technological developments. This study aims to analyze research trends related to employability skills in vocational education. We use bibliometric analysis procedures on 1123 published articles in the Scopus database. The results of this study reveal citation, co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword analyses producing a pattern of research maps in vocational education. The findings identify publication trends, widely cited articles, contributing countries, productive journals, and obtain information for future research on employability skills

This research was conducted to observe the efforts of a private school to improve teachers’ professionalism and students’ competency. This study used a case study model with a descriptive qualitative approach. Here, data collection was done through in-depth interviews, observation, and document study. The results showed that teachers with knowledge and motivation improve their service to students through teaching skills. Teachers’ knowledge was a learning innovation to the better learning process. They had the 4C skills: critical and creative thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. Teachers’ professionality then affected students’ competency, be it soft and hard skills. However, the evidence that was found at Private Vocational High School of Walisongo 2 Gempol, Indonesia could not be generalized to all private vocational high schools. Thus, further research on other private schools in Indonesia is needed to develop creativity and innovation to support graduates’ quality

The Covid-19 pandemic, which has occurred for more than two years, has left various problems in learning. According to the opinion of most teachers and students, learning using an online approach in some courses was less effective. For example, the Embedded Systems course (ES) stimulates students to do product development. Online learning even tended to cause a loss of motivation, especially in applied studies that require adequate time and facilities to do the practicum. Hence there is a need for a learning method that can be a solution to the problems caused by the online approach. In the ES, students are required to understand the not only theory but also practice comprehensively. Therefore, a more sophisticated strategy is necessary. To enable students to see and assess the events that transpired during product development, collaborated research-based learning (CRL) is expected to be a proper method to tackle such problems. With the RL approach, especially for applied subjects such as Embedded Systems, students must be able to innovate so that the learning process encourages them to find real solutions to the faced problems. CRL encourages students to be able to formulate research designs, data collection, practical research, and interpretation of results. CRL engages students in the process and active participation in acquiring reflective knowledge and critical thinking to build their vision. This report presents a preliminary examination of the implementation of CRL in ES to improve students' engagement. The study measure participants’ overview of using project management application in CRL. The study involved 30 students taking the ES. The study finding discovers that the students’ perspective of the CRL approach in ES is suitable during pandemic

The purpose of the study was to assess student learning outcomes on automotive technology literacy skills in aspects of automotive technology knowledge and competence. The research method used descriptive method. The time of the study was carried out from January to March 2022. The research location is in the automotive study program vocational high school in Cimahi City. The research sample used cluster random sampling, 1 (one) class of 35 students was selected. The research instrument was a multiple-choice technological literacy test. Technological literacy indicators consist of identifying scientific problems, explain scientific phenomena, and using scientific evidence. The scope of the test questions is air conditioning in the vehicle. The test questions were validated by five automotive teachers and lecturers. Automotive learning treatment virtually and face to face, using simulator media. Data analysis using percentages. The results of the study show that 46.6 percent of students have automotive technology literacy skills in terms of knowledge and competence, 71 percent of students have scientific identification skills (car air conditioning issues), 46 percent of students have literacy using scientific evidence and 40 percent have literacy in explaining scientific phenomena

The rapid spread of the coronavirus has a bad impact on many things, including education, government, the economy. This study was conducted to investigate the development of mechanical engineering research by mapping bibliometrics using the R programming language and VOSviewer. Bibliometric classifications indicate the types of publications, keywords trend, and authors of scientific papers. In this study, data collection was performed from the SCOPUS and dimensions.ai website. This website provides a dataset of scientific papers published in international peer-reviewed journals. The keyword that we used to collected the metadata "mechanical" "engineering" "COVID-19". Based on study that carried out Mechanical research has gradually increased the number of publications in the last ten years even during the COVID-19 pandemic, which indicates this topic is interesting research and continues to increase along with technological developments. Based on keyword analysis, in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the keyword that often appears in mechanical engineering research is "e-learning". this indicates that during the covid 19 pandemic, many researchers studied how to teach related to mechanical engineering when schools were still on lockdown. Based on Country Mapping show that USA is the country with the most publications of mechanical engineering research in the COVID-19 pandemic. Europe is the continent that publishes the most with 5 countries in the top 10 rankings of the most publishers. Based on bibliographic mapping from Scopus, the author with the most publications related to mechanical engineering in the COVID-19 pandemic is Kanetaki, Z

Construction is an industry that contains activities to create or build facilities and infrastructure in a tangible form in order to achieve certain goals. It is known as a male-dominated industry with heavy work, which creates gaps and problems for the women who work there. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the obstacles and challenges of women when working in the construction industry. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method. Article searches are performed through the Publish or Perish application on the Scholar platform. After screening through inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 25 scientific articles from 9 international journals that met the criteria. The result is that the obstacles and challenges faced by women in the construction industry are classified into internal and external. Internal obstacles in the form of: mental readiness, lack of competence, not having a certificate of expertise in a particular field; while the external obstacles are: discrimination based on gender, sexual harassment, lack of organizational support, and disparity in workers' wages. Internal challenges in the form of: self-efficacy, openness, fatigue and work stress; while the external challenges are: high work pressure, long working hours, heavy workload, and masculine culture. To overcome these problems, it requires not only the efforts of each individual, but also the cooperation of all parties involved, especially policy makers in companies and government.

The paper aims to describe the effort to optimize special job fairs in the tracer study conducted by Public Vocational High School (PVHS). This was a literature review using the content analysis method, in which the researcher reviewed some research and studies published in both national and international journals and other written works relevant to the topic of this article, namely optimalizing Special Job Fairs in VET tracer studies. The result of the review showed that the unemployment rate of VHS graduates was higher than that of other educational institutions. One of the causal factors behind this poor condition was the fact that those graduates had difficulty making steps in building their career after graduation. This suggested the need for the optimization of special job fairs as events held to provide strategic direction and illustration of what VHS students should do after graduation. The tracer study under discussion in this article dealt with the distribution of students working in Business and Industrial World

The rapidly changing work environment and work patterns require individuals to actively adapt to the challenges and difficulties that arise in their career development. Over the past 20 years, construction theory has become prominent in career psychology. The concept of career construction is an adaptation model that explains the process of career construction over a person's life span through adaptation. Therefore, the career adaptation model describes the interaction between stable personal characteristics, psychological capacities, career behavior, and career outcomes. Career results will be optimal if achieved with adequate career behavior and facilitated by psychology. The purpose of this research article is to provide an overview of trends in career construction in Vocational Education to understand the evolution in the field of career construction from 2005 to 2022. The research method uses the bibliometric method. The amount of data obtained is 400 articles from publications indexed in the Scopus database. The research describes citation analysis, co-authorship analysis, co-citation analysis, and keyword analysis that produces a pattern of research maps in the field of Education. up-to-date for research on future career construction

Vocational education development must be based on the required skills from the workplace to create creative and skilled laborers with Indonesian government programmed a BMW (Bekerja, Melanjutkan studi, dan Wirausaha, or working, further studying, and being entrepreneurs) program for this matter. This study aimed to explore entrepreneurship learning based on teaching factory for students with fashion design skills in vocational high schools. This research used a descriptive method and qualitative approach. The data was analyzed using the interactive model and was validated using triangulation and member checking. The finding showed that entrepreneurship learning based on teaching factory in vocational high schools was conducted through the development stage, implementation, and evaluation. The effect was a 20 percent increase in graduates' absorption in industries and entrepreneurship. Thus, it can be concluded that entrepreneurship learning based on teaching factory in vocational high schools significantly influenced graduates to work

The Ministry of Education and Culture created a synergy between VHS and the village administrators with the support of industry partners.The policy of link and matchis considered to be a strategy for exploring potencies and competencies demanded in the job market and social life.This research is intended to provide a handy reference for VHS and related parties engaged in the VHS Building Village. The kind was descriptive research with a case study design. The findings showed that this program was conducted on the basis of a collaboration of expertise program of 1 of Boyolangu, industry partners, and the administrator of Kepuh Village. This was carried out throught procedures: mapping potency and ecosystme services/integrated patterns, planning the program, fostering collaboration, developing implementation strategies and making performance measurement. The efforts to strenthen the role of VHS in improving village economy were made in the strategies involving education, entrepreneurship, innovation of appropriate technologies, and community empowerment. The performance measurement of the program was made by analyzing its effectiveness and influence on the economic condition before and after the conduction of the program, which can be seen form the program’sinputs, processes, outputs, outcomes and impacts

The quality of learning needs to be improved periodically, but not all teachers cannot carry out its improvement. An alternative to be developed to overcome this problem by using active learning strategies is what is called the snowball throwing method. The purpose of this research was to know the improvement of skills at calculating giro account balance by implementing the snowball throwing model to the tenth-grade students of Accounting 1 of Public Vocational High School (PVHS) 1 Boyolangu in the academic year of 2019/2020.This was a classroom action research conducted in four stages in three cycles. The four stages included planning, action, observation, and reflection. For the accurate result of the research, the data collected were statistically analyzed using the mean formula. Based on the result of the analysis and observation during action taking, it can be concluded that the implementation of the snowball throwing model to the 2019/2020 tenth-grade students of Accounting 1 of PVHS 1 Boyolangu helped improve their skills at calculating giro account balance. The conclusion was based on the fact that the average score increased from 67.08 in cycle I to 87.22 in cycle II. In the same way, classical learning completeness increases from 55,56% in cycle I to 100 percent in cycle II

The pandemic of COVID19 has affected education system, especially since the government issued the lockdown policy. However, it does not suspend learning ativities, which constitutes a formidable challenge for both educators and students. The purpose of this research was to know the effectiveness of the distance learning process through the use of Google Classroom in financial accounting class at Public Vocational High School 1 of Pagerwojo, Tulungagung. This was quantitative research using descriptive method and focusing on the evaluation of the learning process through online media. The research population was the eleventh-grade students, majoring in Accountung and Financial Institutions (AFI). The research involved 32 of AFI 1 students as the research sample. The reserach data were colleted using questionnaires, and the data were analyed using descriptive statistics. The research found that the distance learning using Google Classroom is effective enough. This is corroborated by the fact that students prefer Google Classroom to other online media, because they feel that the features of Google Classroom are easy to understand and run.

The online learning system during the pandemic of COVID-19 has changed the system for conselling services in such a way that guidance and counselling teachers at vocational high schools are required to be creative and innovative in performing services for students online. They are shouldering more responsibilities because during the pandemic the rate of employment termination has increased, while that of job vacancies has decreased, which constitutes a serious challenge for students’ career development. They are also faced with the problem of exploring career choices, finding good jobs in accordance with students’ interests and characters, and improving students’ career prospects withouth meeting those students in person. This research focused on knowing the career development model of the students of Private Vocational High School (PVHS) Veteran 1 of Tulungagung during the pandemic. This was qualititative approach with descriptive research in which the data obtained from interviews and observation were presented in a descriptive report which can be easily understood. The research findings shows that guidance and counselling teachers are able to follow technological advances, foster innovation, and establish good communication with industries and business world during the pandemic of COVID-19. Guidance and counselling teachers of PVHS Veteran 1 of Tulungangung continues to provide counselling services for career development by combining online and offline models in a scheduled appoinment by still obeying health protocols.

Online learning during the pandemic of COVID-19 in accounting and financial institution major of Public Vocational High School 1 of Boyolangu has not been evaluated as yet, which makes the effect and result of the learning still unknown; therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the online learning established at the school. The model of evaluation adopted in this research was Kirkpatrick’s two levels of evaluation: reaction and learning. The purposes are to measure students’ satisfaction with the online learning and understanding of subject materials given during the online learning. The data in this research were collected through questionnaires. The research found that students on the whole felt satisfied with the establishment of online learning during the pandemic for at least two reasons: students began to feel comfort and used to online learning and the information technology skills of both teachers and students improved by virtue of online learning. However, there were some problems which impaired the effectiveness of online learning, including limited internet quota and poor internet connection. Additionally, students had difficulty completing practical assignments because some of them did not possess laptops, and sometimes teachers had not given them any explanation of the subject materials before

Concerns about scientific publications have been proliferating in Indonesia. Consequently, the number of published journals in e-journal has been rapidly increasing over the past few years. The growing trend of e-journal hence requires a decision support system in its application. The DSS will help the reviewers in determining the eligibility of an article in the journal’s verification process. Several DSS methods such as DEMATEL, SAW, and TOPSIS, among others, are proposed to provide an effective means in the process. This research aims to present a solid comparison of two combined methods, DEMATEL-SAW and DEMATEL-TOPSIS, as they overcome each method’s shortcomings, in determining the eligibility of an article. The eligibility criteria have been determined as a guide. The calculation results show that the DEMATEL-SAW has a relatively higher degree of accuracy compared to that of DEMATEL-TOPSIS when fewer criteria variables are included, whereas the DEMATEL-TOPSIS method has a higher degree of consistency when being utilized on a variable with more criteria

Agencies or companies' ability to create and develop strategies to advance depend on human capital. It receives public attention as tangible state assets, policies, and organizations and are described as the core vital forces in the professional world. It is essential because it provides companies with some new skills, opportunities, and even development. This study aims to describe the human capital (knowledge, competence, skill, and innovation) of the technicians in the State University of Malang using a survey research design. The population is the technicians in the State University of Malang. The result indicates that the human capital in the State University of Malang can be categorized as follows: 3.1 percent of the technicians are very positive (one technician), 31.3 percent are (ten technicians), 34.4 percent are average (11 technicians), 28.1 percent are negative (nine technicians), and 3.1 percent are very negative (one technician). It can be concluded that the human capital of the State University of Malang is average, which implies that not all the employees can perform well at work and meet the indicators; hence, the need for improvement.

Vocational High Schools are expected to produce graduates able to create job vacancies and produce competitive job seekers. For this purpose, they need a special curriculum. One of the applicable learning methods relevant to the need is the creation of production units. By having practical experience in a business unit, vocational students are expected to have a motivation to make entrepreneurial endeavors so that vocational graduates are able to work professionally in the industrial world and work independently as entrepreneurs. This research was a descriptive using the qualitative approach. The data were collected by holding interviews to describe the effectiveness of the production unit of a welding workshop in indicating the entrepreneurial preparedness of the students of Public Vocational High School (PVHS) 2 Tulungagung. The research result showed that the implementation of the learning model for welding production unit affected students’ interest in entrepreneurship and preparedness for it. As many as 55.88 percent of respondents expressed their readiness for entrepreneurship after graduation. However, the welding production unit of PVHS 2 Tulungagung still needed evaluation and improvement especially in their marketing, students’ involvement and the management of financial administration

This study was to determine the effect of machining skills and numeracy literacy skills formation on PBL model welding practicum for Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program students in the year 2016 and 2017. The method of this research approach was quantitative with path analysis. This study used a random sampling technique. The results showed that (1) the machining skills formation significantly influenced the PBL model welding practicum; and (2) the numeracy literacy skills formation significantly influences the PBL model welding practicum for students. The numeracy literacy skills test results have the most influence on the PBL model welding practicum for students

The Kampung Bahasa Program at vocational high schools are developed to get students used to English speaking at the school. Unfortunately, the number of students interested in joining the program decreased significantly during the pandemic. This research tried to identify main factors influencing students interest in the Kampung Bahasa Program at Public Vocational High School 1 of Boyolangu during covid pandemic. This was descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The data in this research were collected using some techniques including interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analyzed by interactive technique. The result of the research showed that internal factors affecting students in the Kampung Bahasa Program were the physiological factor which caused most students to be afraid of being infected with covid and the psychological factor that explained students’ need for English communication, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, their shyness in English communication. The external factors included familial support, socio-economic backgrounds of students’ family which allowed them to pay the tuition, the role of the English teacher of the tenth grade, and the fact that many fellow students joined the program. In addition, students’ interest in the program was also influenced by the socio-demographic factors.

Vocational High School (VHS) is a vocational school intended to give students practical skills to create skilled graduates ready for jobs. To serve this purpose, Public Vocational High School (PVHS) 1 of Jenangan designs teaching factory learning model. Teaching factory is a learning model focusing on teaching students some practical skills with which to manufacture quality products up to industry standard. Hopefully, the educational outcome of this model can be Income Generating Unit (IGU) of software engineering study program in the school. This is descriptive and qualitative research using Miles ad Huberman’s data analysis model. The research found that using teaching factory as income generating unit with marketable products in software engineering study program is an effective strategy for the effort to provide quality human resources ready to perform jobs and create marketable products.

Abstract: This research aimed to find the impact of teachers' training, areas of expertise, and education type on the achievement of multiple-choice HOTS questions. The design of this research was experimental. The independent variable was training provision, the moderator variables were teachers' areas of expertise and education level, and the dependent variable was the achievement of multiple-choice HOTS questions. The subjects in this research were 28 teachers of SMKN 2 Turen, consisting of teachers in productive and non-productive areas of expertise. The data collection used documentation and assignments. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics with a paired t-test and factorial f-test. The significance level in this research was p = 0.05. Results showed that (1) training provision significantly improved teacher's skill in making multiple-choice HOTS questions, (2) improvement tendency of productive teachers after training compared to non-productive teachers, albeit insignificant, and (3) improvement tendency shown by teachers from the non-teaching institutions after training compared to teachers from teaching institution, although also insignificant

The design of machine construction is one of the subjects that often becomes a stumbling block for students of the Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program to graduate on time. Many factors cause it, including the weakness of students using STEM content in designing machine construction and the lack of contextual learning strategies for STEM-loaded courses with machine construction design tasks. This qualitative study aims to (1) identify the STEM content of the Scientific and Expertise Subject group, (2) describe the pattern of integrating STEM content in the formal and instructional curriculum, and (3) describe the learning pattern of the STEM content course. Research data were collected through document analysis, semi-open questionnaires, and FGD. The results showed (1) identified 15 scientific and skill courses containing STEM content that supported the work on machine construction design tasks, (2) integration of STEM-loaded courses in the formal curriculum was carried out by structuring their presentation before or at the same time as the presentation of the Mechanical Construction Design Course, being in the instructional curriculum is carried out by integrating learning experiences related to the design of machine construction in Lecture Event Unit, and (3) the learning pattern of courses containing STEM content should be carried out using a problem-based learning model where the problems are directly related to and or taken from machine construction design tasks.

Technological developments make telecommunications networks through internet access an urgent matter due to the increasing human need for communication. The purpose of this study was to describe the development model of a fiber optic laboratory in order to improve students and teachers’ competency. This research used a descriptive qualitative case study method at Public Vocational High School (PVHS) of Dwija Bhakti 1 Jombang. The results stated that the fiber optic laboratory development model is used to print graduates to have competencies that are in accordance with their fields and are expected to be able to compete in the industrial world. Schools collaborate with industry through the provision of fiber optic laboratories as an effort to improve these competencies. By conducting several stages, namely applying the MoU, affording the tools, branding and mocking-ups. In addition, there are teacher training and certification activities followed by curriculum implementation, student certification and the last is activity evaluation. It can be concluded that the development of fiber optic laboratory procurement at Public Vocational High School (PVHS) of Dwija Bhakti 1 Jombang has been in accordance with the agreement between the Ministry of Education and Culture with PT Telkom regarding the link and match curriculum in the field of fiber optic.

The needs of being vocational teachers is still very high. One of the factors that mostly causes students' reluctance to choose a career as a teacher is the unfulfilled needs based on Abraham Maslow's hierarchy to become a vocational teacher. Another factor is implementing field experience practice and preparing 21st century skills for prospective teachers of the Vocational High School. This study aimed at determining the effects of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, field experience practice, and 21st century skills on career choices to become vocational teachers on the state university students of Informatics Engineering Education in Malang City. A correlational approach with a sample of 123 students was used in this study. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, field experience practice, and 21st century skills had an influence of 0.515 or 51.5 percent on career choice to become the vocational teacher. It is concluded that there is an influence between of three factors and the career choice to become vocational teachers.

The target of the synchronization program are schools that have areas of expertise that are not in accordance with the potential of the superior map of the region, the difference is seen from the superior potential of the region synchronized with the distribution of areas of expertise in each province in Indonesia. This research aims to determine the competence of vocational skills in Batu City, based on the findings of the phenomenon of various regional potentials owned by each sub-district spread across Batu City with a Spectrum of Middle School Expertise Vocational High School (SMK) / Vocational Madrasah Aliyah (MAK), with the hope that graduates who are intended to be able to develop and cultivate the potential of the region properly. This type of research used qualitative descriptive, data collection methods conducted by interview, study of related documents, and observation of findings in the field to collect any data and facts scattered throughout the region sub-districts in Batu City (Kecamatan Batu, Bumiaji, Junrejo), as well as with data triangulation analysis techniques. Based on the findings in Batu District, there are 3 main potentials, namely the tourism sector, th e restaurant sector, and the tourism sector transportation and agriculture. Batu District has 4 main labour sector priorities, namely the restaurant, hotel sector, tourism and transportation service sector, and agriculture sector. Sync result Finding the potential of the Batu City area with a spectrum of vocational expertise competencies is expected to create competent human resources in developing the Batu City area.

This study explored the effect of combining a scientific approach with problem-based learning on enhancing students' critical thinking skills. The scientific approach sought to direct learners to understand various materials scientifically from multiple sources. The quantitative study in the experimental design used the nonrandomized control group treated with pre-test post-test design. This study had 48 students who separated into two groups. The experimental group used a problem-based learning and scientific approach (PBL-SA), whereas the control group used a traditional learning approach. According to the findings, the average post-test score for the traditional learning group was 33.33, whereas the average post-test score for the PBL-SA group was 65.42. The traditional learning group had low scores, whereas the average achievement of students in the PBL-SA group increased from 42.08 to 65.42, indicating an improvement. The PBL-SA group outperformed the traditional learning group on the Basic Mechanical Engineering Design with a statistically significant difference.

The industrial class was formed to provide a knowledge and broader insight to students based on the development of competencies required by industries. However, several Vocational High Schools (VHS) unused industrial classes during the pandemic because the school partner industries is being impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted to determine the implementation of industrial class model used during the pandemic. The research method uses quasi-qualitative. The research was conducted at Telkom Malang Vocational High School on software engineering skills competency. The finding showed collaboration form in the industrial class between industriesand VHS are curriculum synchronization, student selection, teacher training, implementation of street vendors and job recruitment. The implementation of industrial class is done online by monitoring students by school and industry supervisors. Industrial class students have a group project task formed. Supporting and inhibiting factors in the sustainability of the industrial class during the pandemic. Supporting factors are selected students with high abilities by selection process, and industrial partner support for industrial class implementation. While the inhibiting factor is online learning process, it cannot help the teacher to monitor student activities and build students mental directly. The industrial class was formed to provide a knowledge and broader insight to students based on the development of competencies required by industries. However, several Vocational High Schools (VHS) unused industrial classes during the pandemic because the school partner industries is being impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted to determine the implementation of industrial class model used during the pandemic. The research method uses quasi-qualitative. The research was conducted at Telkom Malang Vocational High School on software engineering skills competency. The finding showed collaboration form in the industrial class between industriesand VHS are curriculum synchronization, student selection, teacher training, implementation of street vendors and job recruitment. The implementation of industrial class is done online by monitoring students by school and industry supervisors. Industrial class students have a group project task formed. Supporting and inhibiting factors in the sustainability of the industrial class during the pandemic. Supporting factors are selected students with high abilities by selection process, and industrial partner support for industrial class implementation. While the inhibiting factor is online learning process, it cannot help the teacher to monitor student activities and build students mental directly.

The quality of Individual Work Performance (IWP) of workers affects their work productivity in the workplace. This also has an indirect impact on improving the country's economy. The workforce IWP is influenced by human capital. Furthermore, this study was conducted to analyze the human capital of vocational high school graduates on IWP. This study used a survey method with a quantitative approach. The sample of this research was 130 alumni of vocational high school of Telkom Malang in the field of information and communication technology. Human capital indicators were knowledge, competences, skills, and innovativeness. Data collected through surveys and unstructured interviews, then analyzed with descriptive and regression techniques. The findings described respondents’ demographics. Meanwhile, the result of multiple linear regression showed that there was a simultaneous influence between the human capital indicators on the IWP. An effective contribution was determined by IWP’ skill and innovation. To better prepare graduates in their fields, vocational high schools should further increase knowledge, competences, skills, and innovativeness of their students to increase alumni work productivity in the world of work.

Teaching factory is a learning concept that adapts the learning conditions in school to those in the industry. But the problem in vocational education today is the lack of absorbed practicum learning caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, the focus of this research is the teaching factory learning program at Telkom Malang Vocational High School (TMVHS) during the pandemic. This research method uses a qualitative approach. The location of this research is in TMVHS. The results from the study showed that the preparation carried out by TMVHS was done by finding an industry that was following the competence of students' expertise as partners. The implementation of the teaching factory at TMVHS is the teacher becomes the primary instructor in helping students because learning is completely done online. In addition, there are inhibitory factors during the teaching factory learning process, especially in the pandemic season, namely reduced interaction between students and industry. But these inhibitory factors can be overcome by students who have the enthusiasm and high learning motivation.

A lot of startup brands utilized Instagram to build their brand online and to raise awareness toward their brand. Fashion industry is one of the many industries that rely on Instagram heavily. Three Levels of Experiential Marketing was a new strategy that was built from 5 Strategic Experiential Modules (SEMs) from Schmitt such as Sense, Feel, Think, Act and Relate to make the 5 SEMs easily applicable to businesses in Instagram. To validate the application of those Three Levels of Experiential Marketing strategy, startup brands from Faculty of Creative Industry, in Fashion and Product Lifestyle Design program utilized the modules to help build their fashion brand from scratch. There are 20 subjects of students in Fashion and Lifestyle Product Design program in University of Surabaya. These subjects start their own fashion branding on Instagram and utilized the Three Levels of Experiential Marketing Strategy for 1 month. In conclusion, not every factor can be fully embedded, and factors under Sense, Feel and Relate SEMs are the most effective ones.

Indonesia is predicted to experience demographic dividend from 2020 to 2030, which means that the population of productive age will be greater than the population of non-productive age, so Indonesia needs to prepare quality human resources to optimize opportunities for demographic dividend. The writing of this article aims to analyze the things that must be done by Indonesia in optimizing human resources development to face the era of demographic dividend. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that Indonesia needs to improve and strengthen the education system to create superior human resources. Human resources development can be a solution to create superior human resources who are ready to face the era of demographic dividend, so that Indonesia can maximize opportunities to improve and strengthen the country's economy.

The low absorption of the workforce in the vocational high school graduates indicate their lack of expertise and competency. It urges to improve their work skills to meet the demand of the world of work. This research aims at developing a Lean-based learning model to enhance the work skills of vocational high school students. This study can be categorized as development research using the modified Borg and Gall method. The Lean-based learning model was tested through three stages, namely its validity, effectiveness, and practicality towards students, teachers and industrial practitioners. Based on the research findings, the developed learning model can be categorized as good in case of its validity, effectiveness, and practicality. It means the lean-based learning model is valid, effective and practical as one of the alternatives to improve the competency among vocational high school students to fulfill the industrial demand.

This study aims to analyze the learning experience gained by students of the Travel Business while doing internships in the Travel Bureau industry. The research method used is quantitative descriptive. This study resulted in three important findings: 1) Students at WBL were not given enough trust to make reservations, booking, and printing; 2) The experience of doing ticketing and printing cannot be given by all industries because not all Travel Agencies act as agents; 3) Dominant students during the WBL are given the trust to use office work facilities and communicate with customers.

KKNI is one of the synergies in the fields of education, training and work experience that is feasible to apply in vocational education. This study aims to evaluate, map and find out equitable competency test and certification for vocational school teachers, indicators of the success of the teacher transfer function program integrated with competency tests and certifications, and the urgency of the KKNI in the cosmetology field. The research method uses a combination of quantitative and descriptive methods with library research, which involves 42 teachers transferring the function of the cosmetology study program. Data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed a descriptive technique. The results showed that equalization of national qualifications and certification is considered very important, the need for general skills-based on KKNI for vocational school teachers, competency expertise is one of the urgent things that need to be possessed by educators. In addition, based on the results of the evaluation, it was found that the need for an effort to disseminate and distribute information about KKNI in order to increase competency for 3T regional teachers. It is necessary to support more adequate facilities and infrastructure in the process of applying competency-based vocational education and certification.

Graduating of Vocational High School in the manufacturing industry occupies job of production position. The demands of industrial needs are in the manufacturing sector. They want employees or labor that have told and professional competencies. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and identify career in operator position. This study uses qualitative research. This research focuses on analysis of operator's position needs in the industry. Based on the results of the research, the work of production operators includes briefing, setting, operating, quality procedures, and engine maintenance. There are several competencies regarding the position of production operators, namely occupational health and safety, quality assurance, measuring instruments, hand tools, technical drawings, general machining, and special conditions. Production operators get salaries, which include grade-based salaries, and salary holidays. Susceptible salary obtained by production operator position gets a vulnerable salary based on the industrial area district minimum wage where he works.

The learning process is conducted by interactively, inspirative, fun, and motivates the students with technology in order to improve students' motivation and learning outcomes. Then, this research aimed to improve students' learning motivation in Oriental Food Processing during online learning using digital smart book learning media. The subjects in this study were the 4th-semester students of Culinary Art Education Study Program, Industrial Technology, Faculty of Engineering, State University of Malang. The analysis used descriptive analysis. The data was collected using questioner through a Google form. Results showed that around ninety students were motivated to follow online learning using digital smart book media. Thus, it exhibited that the digital smart book learning media helped improve students learning motivation. The conclusion, this technology could be used for other courses as an innovative solution to overcome students' problems and difficulties in the online learning process.

As a consequence of the rapid development of infrastructures, there is a scarcity of availability of skilled labor in construction services, so efforts are needed to accelerate the preparation of experts in the field of construction services. Intensive apprenticeship pattern is a program to accelerate the preparation of construction service workers in increasing the relevance of higher education to the world of work as a purpose in this study. Data analysis used comparative analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of the study show that the existing pattern of internship in the field carried out by the sample universities is that there are two things that have not been widely implemented, namely the provision of insurance and special facilities. While other items related to the implementation of internships have a percentage of more than 50 percent. The apprenticeship patterns that can be implemented include through the process of collaboration, socialization, participant registration, self assessment, matriculation, implementation of internships, appraisal, and granting certificates from the Construction Services Business Entity (CSBE/ BUJK). Whereas Certification is carried out in general through Pre-Internship, Internships, Judicium, Post-Judiciary, Graduation and Certification of Young Experts.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of edmodos e-learning as supporting learning in the Plumbing Theory course in Vocational Education of Building Construction students. The research was conducted as the application of blended learning that carried out in an integrated manner at the Faculty of Engineering in 2019. The research method used the Quasy Experiment Method. Data collection techniques used were using multiple choice tests and questionnaires. The results of the research showed that Edmodo has been proven effective improve student learning outcomes of participants in the Plumbing Theory course. The post test results showed a significant increase after students were given treatment in the form of Edmodo utilization compared to the pre-test results that had not been given treatment. Edmodo has been proven to increase the learning motivation of students in the plumbing theory course. Edmodo has an advantage in its ease of access. Students participating in the Plumbing Theory courses access Edmodo with high intensity because it utilizes Edmodo in learning. The biggest obstacle experienced by students in accessing Edmodo is the internet network that does not support.

This study focused on the effect of the combination effect of semi-refined carrageenan and potassium chloride on the instant grass jelly formulation. As in the traditional method of grass jelly production, the cornstarch was added to the grass jelly extract to give the gelling texture of grass jelly. Semi-refined carrageenan was added to replace the starch and the physicochemical characteristics and nutrient composition of the product was evaluated. The cincau leaves was boiled in a certain volume of water and the extraction was then converted to powder form via spray dryer. A pre-study has been conducted in determining the best method to produce grass jelly extract which based on the result of production yield, as well as conducted the physic-chemical tests. The finding showed that the extraction of 125g dried leaves of cincau with 4.5 L of water which boiled for 2.5 hours was the best extraction recovery with 75.92 percent. As a conclusion, SRC can be used as a starch replacer in grass jelly production as an instant product and texture is retained as well as nutrient contents of the product is improved

Teachers with good competency will impact the quality of Education. The teachers' responsibility in educating, teaching, guiding, managing, training, and evaluating must be well-developed so that the results can directly contribute in improving the quality of education because qualified teachers could manifest a highly qualified education. Therefore, some factors that have determinant values need to be considered as necessary to construct qualified teachers. Teachers' competency improvement can be made in various ways, including through the training session. Teacher training aimed to advance the competence of teachers, especially for Machinery Engineering teachers so that they can meet the specified standards. The training model designed in the paper sought to explain 2D and 3D CADD training with the 2020 inventor using the project-based learning model. This paper was expected to be able to manifest the concept of teacher training using Project Based-Learning in training institution so that it can be able to help in improving the teachers' competency

This research aimed to design and develop an Exploded View 3D Model learning media on the brake system topic, as well as knowing the feasibility of learning media 3D Exploded View model on brake system topic. This study used the research and development method. The development model used the ADDIE, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of the product trial were teachers and 11th-grade students in Public Vocational High School 11 Malang. Material experts and media experts carried out the product feasibility test phase. A media test was conducted on students. The data analysis technique used questionnaire and evaluation questions, as well as descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results of this study were an Android-based learning media in the form of a 3D Exploded View model on brake system topic, and the results of the feasibility assessment by material experts got a percentage of 89.6 percent in the category of "feasible". The feasibility assessment by media experts received a percentage of 95.8 percent in the category of "feasible". The percentage obtained from small group trials was 85 percent with the category "feasible". The results of the student evaluation found that the average field trial score was 89. The conclusion of this research was the development of Android-based Learning media on the brake system topic is declared feasible to be used in the learning process.

Education, including vocational education, has an essential role in the development of complete human beings and the development of the Indonesian people as a whole. Human development must be done intact, which includes the development of thinking power, emotional intelligence, physical power, and mastery of science, technology, art and sport. Besides, human development is also expected to produce human capable of and able to play an active role in building the entire Indonesian society. The success or failure of the role of vocational education can be measured from the balance of these two objectives; there is the development of the whole person and the development of the entire Indonesian society. More specifically, the purpose of vocational education includes four main dimensions: Developing basic human qualities that include the quality of thinking power, emotional intelligence, physical power, to develop the instrumental quality/functional quality, namely the mastery of science, technology, art, and sport, strengthening identity as the nation of Indonesia, and maintaining the survival and development of the world. The following outlined the dimensions of the purpose of vocational education.

Higher education leaders need to establish Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) by understanding the challenges faced by the higher education based on strategies to effectively meet the needs to achieve better employees' performance in their field. The EAPs in higher education focuses on the unique challenges of employee assistance service delivery in a university setting. This paper discussed the preparation, implementation, and evaluation of the EAPs in higher education through a framework of the EAPs application in a higher education institution. This insight was expected to provide insight to university leaders who wished to effectively implement the EAPs in their higher education in the face of changing labour demand and competition challenges in the labour market.

Currently, there are many environmental damages caused by human activities. Environmental damage can cause harm to humans, for example, floods, landslides, and air and water pollution, which are examples of environmental damage caused by human activity. Education is one of the means to raise awareness for students to preserve their environment. The government seeks to apply environmental insights through formal education. One of the government programs in environmentally sound education is the Adiwiyata Program. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of environmental education at SMK Negeri 1 Boyolangu to get the Adiwiyata Mandiri award. This study used a qualitative approach with one type of case study site. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study were an explanation of the application of environmental education at SMK Negeri 1 Boyolangu to get the Adiwiyata Mandiri award, a description of the steps taken by the school to anticipate obstacles to the implementation of environmental education, and exposure to the efforts made by schools in maintaining these achievements and always developing students' awareness to protect the environment.

Abstract: Field Work Practices is practical learning activities to apply, stabilize, and improve the competence of students. These students need teaching materials by utilizing of E-Module with kvisoft flipbook maker application. The development functions for innovation is essential in increasing the readiness of Field Work Practices so that students could carry out Field Work Practices following with the needs of the Construction Services Industry. The development began with the data collection stage followed by product design, design validation, product revision, testing the product, and finishing the product. The results of material expert validation for learning design aspects was 92.19%, 87.5% for learning elements, and learning strategy aspects was 84.38%. The score of media experts for software engineering aspects was 89.58%, and visual communication aspects were 87.5%. The average response score of respondents for elements of the use of teaching materials were 86.04%, parts of the usefulness of teaching materials were 85.94%, and the conformity aspects of teaching materials 84.18%. Overall, the e-module teaching materials for Field Work Practices were good, exciting and very feasible to use as learning teaching materials. Besides, it can improve students' readiness in preparing Field Work Practices

Vocational education aims to prepare graduates to be work-ready. Vocational education institutions, as preparer and providers of skilled labor candidate, must be able to utilize their resources and network partnerships resources with outsiders effectively. One way to meet the objectives of vocational education is to apply work-based learning in teaching factories. Work-based learning is a Contextual teaching-learning (CTL) approach where the business world or industrial world provides a set of structured work-based learning experiences. While teaching factory is the development of the production unit, namely the implementation of industrial partnership systems in the existing production units at SMK. The implementation of work-based learning in teaching factories in vocational education is expected to be able to increase the competitiveness of graduates.

This study aimed to determine the people acceptance to various red rose extract in 5 percent,7 percent, and 9 percent composition on lipsticks. The panellists were women aged between 20-25 years old as college student and employees. The total of the panellists were 30 people who lived in Tangerang and Jakarta. The extract was made using the maceration method with a water solvent. Hedonic test with observation sheet was used to score the people acceptance. There were two aspects in this study, the flavour, and the colour. Friedman test and Tukey test were used to analyze the data result. The result showed that panellists most preferred the 7 percent additional extract for two aspects. The conclusion was the addition 7 percent of Rosa hybrida flowers extract as lipsticks dye is the most accepted by the people either in colour and flavour

This paper presents the development of Smartphone app for monitoring the heart rate, which used as a tool for life-based learning. The app featured life-based experiments for undergraduates' students through do-it-by-your-self activities. This app was developed with Firebase to create a heart rate monitoring system interface as well as a framework for life-based experiments. Also, this app had video features as learning resources. We used an experimental method to evaluate the proposed system of learning. The subjects were 30 undergraduate students who were separated into two groups. Based on our survey, student learning outcomes increased by 35 percent compared to conventional experiments.

Students' readiness to work was considered essential for because the more interest that individuals have, in this case, are students; the higher their work readiness in their efforts to achieve the desired goals. This study aimed to determine the effects, both partially and simultaneously, of character-building variables, learning environment, and self-efficacy on work readiness. This research was descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study was the twelve grade students of Automotive Lightweight Vehicle Engineering at Public Vocational High School 1 Trenggalek with a total of 143 students, and the samples were 107 students that were chosen using the proportional random sampling technique. The instruments in this study were questionnaires and documentation. The analysis of research data used descriptive statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, classic assumption test, which included normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. The hypothesis testing included t-test and f-test, determination coefficient (R2) and significant contribution. Based on the data analysis, the results showed that there was partially and simultaneously significant influence of character building variables, learning environment and self-efficacy on work readiness of the twelve grade students of Automotive Lightweight Vehicle Engineering at Public Vocational High School 1 Trenggalek.