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Following the revelations of the Pandora Papers on offshore financial mechanisms which allow European citizens to avoid paying tax obligations and to commit tax evasion or money laundering offenses, the European Parliament adopted Resolution 2021/2922 (RSP) requiring Member States to take urgent and decisive action, both legislative and investigative, to combat this type of criminal behavior. As a response to the request formulated by the Parliament, the European Commission drafted a Proposal for a council Directive laying down rules to prevent the misuse of shell entities for tax purposes by introducing new monitoring and reporting regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research paper is to determine the degree of relationship between the emergent technologies and the industry 4.0, and the Social and Solidarity-based Economic model. The research paper is a product of a quantitative analysis in 62 Guanajuato state's (Mexico) SMEs. The results show that there is a correlation between economy 4.0 and social economy. Therefore, it is necessary to create the required conditions to display the Industry 4.0 within the fabrication process, in which the following aspects are found: the development of national strategies, which lead the coordinate display of Industry 4.0; the creation of a multilateral mechanism, in which the interested parts institutionalize a participative scope in order to promote Industry 4.0; the creation of international cooperation mechanisms to accelerate the transfer of technology and technical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the legal protection of refugee rights in a global context marked by forced migration and armed conflicts. Starting with an analysis of the evolution of the refugee concept and the development of relevant international regulations, the paper explores the legal status of refugees and the fundamental rights they possess under international law. The main rights examined include the right to asylum and non-refoulement, as well as the rights to life, liberty, and security, social and economic rights, rights of refugee children, and rights of refugee women. Additionally, the role of international agencies and non-governmental organizations in ensuring the legal protection of refugees is analyzed, along with the challenges and obstacles they face in practice. Finally, it proposes reforms and recommendations to enhance the legal protection of refugee rights with the aim of strengthening the effective application of international norms in this crucial area. This paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the legal protection of refugee rights and offers perspectives for a more efficient approach to this pivotal issue in the international community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professional teachers have four competencies, namely (a) pedagogical competence, (b) cognitive competence, (c) personality competence, and (d) social competence. Among these competencies, learning management is the one we most emphasize. That is, professional teachers must be able to develop learning programs, choose and use learning media and appropriate strategies. Professional teachers must be able to communicate effectively that can motivate their students. They must also have extensive knowledge in their disciplines, be wise, and be wellsocialized. The teaching profession is a special field of work that requires professional principles. Professional teachers are those with the competencies required to carry out education and learning duties. Regarding this, writing a scientific paper is one form of activity that can develop teacher professionalism. It should be emphasized that scientific writing is the most substantial activity in developing teacher professionalism. Compiling a scientific paper for teachers is a basic requirement to develop their profession. This is because teachers are considered (a) educated people, (b) reformers in the field of education, (c) motivators, and partners for students, and (d) role models for students in writing scientific paper, (e) researchers in the field of learning, and (f) writers of scientific papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the past decade, the People's Republic of China has experienced rapid economic and military growth, increasing its influence in Asia. With the abandonment of its 'biding time' approach in its foreign policy, China has transformed into a competitive challenger against the American hegemony, engendering a new geopolitical rivalry. This newly emerging rivalry threatens the United Nations' effectiveness as it exposes numerous structural flaws of the United Nations. A binary atmosphere is slowly encroaching the United Nations Security Council, causing the council to be further polarised. Certain vulnerabilities of the Security Council often cause the council to be effectively paralysed, forcing the UN to be unable to respond to global conflicts. This paper evaluated three different proposed structural flaws of the council through case studies and data analyses and offered recommendations accordingly. The United Nations must amend the structure of the Security Council in order to continue to effectively maintain international peace and avoid repeating the failure of its predecessor, the League of Nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal is a critical export for Mongolia, playing a significant role in the nation's economy by contributing to GDP and export revenues. This paper provides an economic analysis of coal pricing in Mongolia, examining the primary factors that drive price fluctuations in both domestic and international markets. Key areas of focus include global demand, particularly from neighboring China, transportation costs, government policies, currency exchange rates, and environmental regulations. The paper employs a mixed-method approach, analyzing historical price data alongside policy reviews to identify the challenges and opportunities Mongolia faces in stabilizing coal prices. Global coal demand, especially from China, has a profound effect on Mongolian coal prices, while infrastructure limitations and transportation costs further exacerbate price volatility. Additionally, Mongolia's coal sector is influenced by international competition, particularly from established exporters like Australia and Indonesia, which benefit from more developed supply chains. This research aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders by offering recommendations on how Mongolia can enhance price stability and strengthen its position in the global coal market. By analyzing the economic forces shaping Mongolian coal prices, the study contributes to broader discussions on resource management and economic sustainability in coal-dependent economies. The findings will aid policymakers in developing strategies that address Mongolia's infrastructure challenges and ensure the long-term viability of its coal industry in the face of evolving global energy dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an era dominated by digital technology, the study of empathy in digital environment has gained increasing attention. This paper has analyzed the comments responding to the interviews featuring grassroots' struggle on a popular Chinese video-sharing platform Bilibili, and found that those comments expressing empathy can be categorized into three types according to the Interpersonal Reactivity Index: comments showing empathic concerns, comments demonstrating perspective-taking, and comments sharing similar personal stories. The paper discovered that, in the video-audience relationship, empathic comments turned to more description of similar self-experience than emotional concerns and perspective-taking showing understanding of other's emotions. This paper has expanded the study of empathy based on postcomment interactions and added to the exploration of reading emotions in texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beginning teachers face numerous challenges when entering the profession. Their needs range from classroom management to emotional support, and mentors play a crucial role in addressing these challenges. This article explores the primary needs of novice teachers and how effective mentoring can help them navigate their first years in primary education. Drawing on both international research and Romanian educational practices, this paper highlights the importance of structured, supportive mentorship programs in shaping successful teaching careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the authors have discussed how technology could enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the production in various businesses. Yet, there is still a gap in literature, and little has been researched about the business inequalities which are fuelled by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) between Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) and corporates. The aim of this paper is to theoretically analyse the business inequalities instigated by the 4IR between corporates and SMEs. The paper argues that the 4IR is advocated by the corporates to increase their production because they are well-resourced and is a disadvantage to the SMEs due to their poor resources. The inadequate analysis of the business inequalities due to the inception of the 4IR provides a vacuum for further conceptual investigation of the phenomenon. The paper used literature-based methodology to analyze the business inequalities brought by the 4IR between corporates and SMEs. This methodology provided an extensive conceptual review of the literature regarding the subject under investigation. This paper reveals that the critical factor of production in corporates appears to be technology which increases production. In that, the 4IR is beneficial to the corporates and a disadvantage to the SMEs. Therefore, the literature indicated that there is an inevitable huge inequality between corporates and SMEs. The paper concludes that there are great business inequalities between corporates and SMEs brought by the 4IR. Thus, the paper recommends the support structures/organizations to assist the SMEs to respond to the growing technology and attempt to close the business inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the historical factors shaping Greek elementary education and the contemporary pedagogical approaches and curriculum implemented in Greek elementary schools. Beginning with a historical analysis, the paper examines influential factors and developments spanning ancient times to the present day, including the legacy of ancient Greek education, Byzantine educational traditions, and modern educational reforms. By synthesizing historical insights with contemporary educational practices, this paper offers a holistic understanding of Greek elementary education. It underscores the enduring influence of historical legacies on present-day educational philosophies and methodologies while highlighting the innovative approaches adopted to meet the needs of modern learners. Ultimately, this comprehensive overview aims to contribute to scholarly discourse and inform ongoing efforts to enhance elementary education in Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Like robo-fsh or conservation drones, environmental robots are those that can carry out jobs for environmental research, engineering, and protection. While the term "environmental robots" can branch into robots-in-ecology, robots-for-ecology, and ecobots, each with difering purposes and ethical concerns, their overall objective is directed towards protecting and enhancing the environmental health on Earth. Though there is a huge potential for the application of environmental robots, this concept itself is relatively new, and thus there is a lack of study done on the ethical aspects of environmental robots. In past literature, researchers often focused on 'specifc' types or products (e.g., robofsh, Treebot, etc.), but there were relatively few surveys of the overall category of environmental robots. Therefore, in recent years, scholars have pointed out the need to consider wider "ethical, practical and sociopolitical concerns" surrounding environmental robots. This paper has aimed to develop more reliable guidelines that are specifc to environmental robots, considering their unique roles and characteristics. First, this paper has identifed three main areas in which potential ethical issues may arise: the manufacturing of environmental robots, their operation abilities in nature and direct impact onsite, and expected or unexpected long-term consequences on ecosystems through their continued usage. Based on these three areas, the paper then built a broader guideline for the kinds of issues future ethics codes must address. Lastly, the paper systematically reviewed existing ethics codes for generic robots to suggest areas that have clear gaps or areas that are already sufcient to be applied for environmental robots. Human modifcation of ecosystems has been a key factor for the rapid population growth during the recent millennia, and environmental robots are growing to become the next key for this growth. However, we must proceed with attention to the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of these robots, as their positive potential for the environment may backfre and cause grave ethical concerns. Therefore, this research seeks to ultimately provide a reliable set of guidelines for future developers and manufacturers of robots associated with service in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper covers a comprehensive study of the creative class in Türkiye in terms of new job prospects. Nowadays, creativity is one of key skills necessary for future jobs. People, who have creative and innovative thinking, generate original ideas and produce unique products, form a special stratum of society called creative class. Creative class professionals include scientists, teachers, artists, models, social media influencers, etc. This article is intended to outline the specifics of new type of workers' lifestyle which implies comfortable living conditions known as "quality of place." In order to clarify how ready Türkiye is for the development of the creative class, the state of the labor market is analyzed. It has been revealed that the Turkish labor market is characterized by both strengths (e.g. large population, a large share of the youth, increase in labor productivity) and weaknesses (e.g. labor underutilization, limited female labor participation, lack of skills). People mainly work in agriculture, industry, service sector and construction. These characteristics outline the basis for the rise of the creative class and the emergence of new careers in Türkiye. Correspondingly, this research is aimed at analysis and assessment of factors, circumstances and preconditions for the emergence of the creative class in Türkiye as well as determining the creative class job opportunities. The methodology of the study is founded on exploring new and potential jobs that will be required by the future. The article presents a framework for the assessment of the creative class in Türkiye based on the standard measures of job quantity, as well as job quality and labor market inclusiveness. The paper proposes the vision of how Türkiye can drive talent transformation and upskill its workforce in order to satisfy demand for innovative type of workers and take advantage of new opportunity. This study provides a unique and vital contribution to ongoing discussions about the significance of the creative class for employment highlighting the universalized assumptions concerning the position of these professionals in the Turkish economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 2019 and 2021, the public procurement systems in Lebanon was under study as a first step to undergo a critical reform process. This process was topped with the issuance of the Public Procurement Law number 244 on July 2021. There are great hopes built on this law since it has been long waited for and the prospects on its success are high. It is based on eight principles: integration, transparency, competitiveness, efficiency, accountability, integrity, professionalism, and sustainability and local development. The law creates a regulatory agency, an independent body to handle complaints, encourages SMEs and local industry among other benefits. The objective of this paper is to define the effectiveness and validity of the new Law and e-procurement stipulated in the new Law and how is it a tool for reform that enhances transparency integrity and efficiency in the new Lebanese procurement system. The Methodology in this paper is a qualitative literature review and document analysis of existing reports from the Lebanese official entities and international bodies that took part in the assessment and preparation of the new Public Procurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to find out and analyze the implementation of the Directorate General of Treasury application at the Makassar State Treasury Service Office from a communication perspective. This research method is a qualitative type with a policy approach to analyze government policies through data collection techniques of interviews, observation and documentation as well as analytical techniques used qualitative interactive models with four paths, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of the e-DJPb Online Application at the Makassar State Treasury Service Office was considered to be implemented quite effectively and efficiently. This is marked by the process of implementing inter-agency communication from the Directorate General of Taxes from the central to the regions which has been informed in stages regarding the regulations governing the implementation of the e-DJPb application which has been transformed into an online-based service. Apart from that the level of communication by the Makassar state treasury service office has also provided clear and transparent information to the public through regular outreach activities and this information has also been conveyed by local officials to the communities it serves. With the distribution of information carried out by local employees, it makes it easier for the community to do tax administration online and creates paper and cost efficiency so that the local government no longer spends the budget for administrative purposes that have been integrated into the online system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific paper delves into the notable shift in Slovak labor law, which has departed from its historically strong emphasis on safeguarding the rights of employees, traditionally seen as the weaker party in labor relations. Until recently, this emphasis served as a substantial barrier against the globalizing and standardizing influences of employers. The paper identifies two key factors driving recent legislative "reforms" in Slovakia's labor regulation. These changes are rooted in the transposition of European labor law directives while also embracing a more liberal political perspective regarding the nature of labor relations. This shift involves moving away from rigid employee protection and adopting the concept of "increased flexibility" in employee work as a remedy for addressing the post-Covid-19 economic challenges. The previous emphasis on employee or employee representative involvement in defining working conditions, wages, and important employer decisions regarding work organization has shifted. This shift allows employers to act unilaterally, contingent on fulfilling new information obligations towards employees. However, the recent labor law reforms run counter to this historical legal tradition. Taking into account the wage levels in the Slovak Republic compared to the majority of other European Union member states, these reforms establish an unsettling level of labor law protection pro futuro of Slovak employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women tend to be object and victims of climate change impact. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2020 found that gender-based violence was aligned with climate and environmental crisis in various developing countries. In addition, 9.9 women got affected heavily from natural disaster in Indonesia (BPS, 2017). Meanwhile, only 20% of women leadership constitutes the entire energy sector (WEF, 2022). Another important statement from IPCC (2022) said that women (particularly pregnant women) became highly impacted from climate crisis. The Assessment Report on the State of Gender Equality and Climate Change in ASEAN (2022) built evidence on the importance of recognizing women's roles in climate action in ASEAN countries. In light to this background, this paper will analyse the critical complexities of ASEAN women leadership towards climate action in order to evaluating the implementation of SDGs goal 5 and 13. To have further deep analysis, this paper will explore the case study of Balinese and Cambodian women who have best practices of climate action, locally, nationally and globally, which also enhance ASEAN countries commitment on SDGs. Some of the best practices in Cambodia include a Renewable Energy (RE) programme that actively engaged with and promoted women-led energy enterprises by implementing "The Smoke Free Village" approach and training women as champions for gender-transformative Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). Meanwhile in Bali, Balinese women play an important role in climate action by establishing the Bali Women Climate Entrepreneur Project that encouraged 10 start-ups joining the program and many other best practices to be explored further. As a methodology, the best practices of women leadership in both countries will be collected through literature reviews, interview, and statistics from Balinese and Cambodia government/SDGs centre, and other relevant documents' review. From those sources, this paper is expected to be the guidance of mapping women leadership in climate action and also become a guidance on how to develop effective communication for women in ASEAN region on climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Redistribution for income equality is a contentious issue, with advocates citing increased economic stability and skeptics fearing potential negative impacts on economic growth. The United States (U.S.) faces notably high income inequality compared to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average, with wealth concentrated in the top brackets. This paper critically examines the existing U.S. redistribution methods, including the taxation system and welfare programs, highlighting challenges such as the lack of tax progressiveness in top brackets and limited redistribution compared to European counterparts. Based on this overview, the study evaluates alternative redistribution strategies, including wealth and business taxes. The paper compares theory with insights from pilot programs in other countries. Finally, the paper argues for a universal basic income (UBI) set at per-capita welfare spending, positing that this approach can empower individuals to escape poverty traps, enhance productivity, and introduce a choice mechanism for welfare consumption. Ultimately, this research seeks to propose the most effective and feasible income redistribution policies for the U.S. to bridge the income inequality gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper explores the foster care framework in Greece, with a particular focus on the triadic relationship among foster carers, biological parents, and foster children. It refers to the current 30 hours compulsory training program of foster parents, emphasizing the necessity of a further specialized comprehensive training, on the ground that well prepared foster carers can better face the complexities of fostering. There is also an imperative need for ongoing support for foster parents, which will be provided in the context of social workers' supervision to meet the behavioral and emotional challenges presented by foster children. The study investigates the potential hindrances faced during the child's placement within the foster home and the vital role social workers play in addressing these difficulties. It delves into the backgrounds of biological parents, foster carers, and foster children, examining the psychological issues and trauma they may confront. The paper highlights the paths of creating an emotional bond, trusting relationships, amongst the child and his/her foster parents and contact issues between foster and biological parents, asserting that these elements are crucial for the child's well-being and his/her integration into the foster family. Moreover, it recognizes the need for policy makers and practitioner's collaboration and interdisciplinary approaches within the foster care system. The study concludes that well-structured support, the empowerment of children through resilience building, and a stable legal framework are foundational to successful application of the institution of fostering. It encourages future research in the form of longitudinal studies, the evaluation of training models, and cross-national comparisons that include Greek foster care organizations to ameliorate the effectiveness of foster care system. The research incorporates theoretical and research studies articles as well as selected books in the field to underline the importance of evidence-based practices in advancing the application of the institution of foster care as well as the experiences of both foster care children, biological and foster parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aimed at analyzing the role of the financial policy taken up by the Iraqi government in confronting the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigating the repercussions of the pandemic on unemployment. It relied on quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze and evaluate the effects of financial policy on unemployment rates. Several international indicators were used, such as the Oxford University Government Response Tracker (OXCGRT) to know the strength of the stimulus package adopted by Iraq. The Principal Component Analysis (P) methodology was also used to analyze the composition of the stimulus financial policy taken. The results of the analysis generally came up with the fact that the the role of financial policy adopted by Iraq in promoting economic growth and accelerating recovery from the repercussions of the pandemic was significant on unemployment rates, depending on the size of that fiscal policy in Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the multifaceted aspects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents within educational contexts. It investigates the complexity of diagnosing PTSD in this demographic, recognizing the role of cognitive function, expression barriers, and parental influence. Considering the diverse and unique presentations of PTSD symptoms in children, the study highlights the challenges in identifying and treating PTSD among school-age children and adolescents, especially among highly vulnerable populations such as refugees. Through an extensive review of existing literature, the paper compares and contrasts the criteria from DSM-5 and ICD-11 for PTSD diagnosis and evaluates the efficacy of treatment options such as EMDR, CBT, and school-based interventions. The impact of PTSD on academic performance and social integration is emphasized, underlining the implications for educators, mental health professionals, and policy makers. Furthermore, the study calls attention to the co-occurrence of PTSD with other mental health conditions and the significant effects beyond educational achievement, including developmental, social, and cognitive domains. Drawing on current research, it advocates for integrated intervention strategies that promote socio-emotional learning, and underscores the importance of a secure, supportive educational environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to provide a detailed description of the implementation of differentiated instruction in an emancipated curriculum. The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary of the current literature on a specific topic. Implementing differentiated teaching can be analyzed from four perspectives: learning material, instructional process, assessment, and learning environment. Through the implementation of differentiated instruction, teachers can actively involve students in the process of teaching and learning, hence enhancing students' academic performance. Therefore, diversified learning may accommodate the diverse needs, cognitive preferences, and abilities of each student in a classroom environment. This approach not only promotes equity but also enhances student engagement and achievement. Professional educators are recommended to employ differentiated instruction as a method to actively include pupils in the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In most second-language classrooms, students are expected and encouraged to spend a significant amount of classroom time speaking. However, students’ passivity in learning is not only a root of silence, but teachers’ classroom styles are also viewed as a major cause of learner silence. This leads to the necessary need for teachers to have a good understanding of silence as a pedagogy that can motivate silent or reticent students to be active and to speak more. This implies that teacher plays an important role in motivating the silent students’ learning by keeping silent students from feelings of being shy, ignorant or rebellious. For these reasons, this paper is going to review some viewpoints on silence and propose a task of using silence in reading class which the teachers of English can apply in their reading class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the formulation of inclusive education for the deradicalization of children involved in terrorism in Jakarta Juvenile Correctional Institution. The institution is in charge of implementing the deradicalization programs for children involved in terrorism. However, research found that the deradicalization program for children involved in terrorism at Jakarta Juvenile Correctional Institution has yet succeeded in reforming the children to be law-abiding citizens. This study aims to formulate an inclusive education for the deradicalization of children involved in terrorism at Jakarta Juvenile Correctional Institution. This study is a qualitative study conducted at Jakarta Juvenile Correctional Institution. Research data was obtained through interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and literature reviews. The findings show that Jakarta Juvenile Correctional Institution implements non-formal education as a rehabilitation program for children involved in terrorism. The current non-formal education does not fully accommodate all the expected goals based on the outcome chain formulation within the framework of program theory. Adaptation and integration of non-formal education with other development programs is needed to support resistance to achieve correctional goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aspect of learning and memory is developed on the basis of the development of learning abilities and its cognitive elements. Within this paper we will reflect the factors, but also the techniques that directly affect the learning process. In the framework of this paper I will analyze, justify, the factors but also the strategies that influence the process of learning. As is well known, human intelligence facilitates the process of learning and memory, while learning enables the development of intelligence, which in many definitions and scientific arguments determines the ability of learning. Within this paper is also analyzed the relationship and the relationship between intelligence and memory, as well as the other theme of this work is the interconnection between what is taught and clearly understood during the reading and learning process. Also within this paper we have analyzed the cognitive style and other aspects related to memory. As is known, the cognitive style mainly has no conscious dimension, and the learning and memory strategy has to do with deciding how to learn and remember more. Also within this work is the role and building of human personality as it is a factor that is directly related to learning and keeping in mind what is taught. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the role of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in e-Government and how it can act as a catalyst for digital transformation. The paper begins by defining e-Government and digital transformation, and then moves on to explain the concept of BDA. The benefits of using BDA in e-Government are then discussed, such as data-driven decision-making and improved citizen engagement. However, there are also challenges to consider, including privacy and security concerns and a lack of skilled professionals. The essay provides case studies of governments that have successfully used BDA to transform their operations and service delivery. In conclusion, BDA has the potential to transform e-Government, but governments must invest in this technology and address the challenges associated with its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several breakthroughs were made to achieve the SDGs targets, including in the development funding subject, namely blended finance. As a new approach to development financing, this approach is not yet widely understood. One of the basic problems is that there is no internationally agreed definition of what blended finance is. The actors translate this concept according to the characteristics of their respective institutions. This translation causes a variety of blended finance, from the types of input in the blended finance operation, what output is produced from the collaboration, to what impact these institutions expect from the blended finance project they are involved. This paper examines the definitions of blended finance from four institutions commonly involved in blended finance projects, i.e. OECD, DFI, Convergence, and the European Union. By reviewing a selection of reports and their working papers, it can be concluded that the input, output, and impact expected by these actors depend on the blended finance definition they make respectively. Actors whose definition focuses on development are more toward developmental impact, while actors whose definition focuses on an economic perspective prefer focusing on projects with profit-oriented impacts. Understanding the matter will help those new players in blended finance, including policymakers, to decide which partner is more suitable to collaborate in which phase of blended finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities have an important role in training students in orientation and assimilation of knowledge through research and publication of scientific papers, especially in the era of society 5.0. Understanding and knowledge seem to be the only things that guarantee the social and economic progress of society that is not eroded over time. The Policy for Improving the Quality of Students through the Research Program and Publication of Postgraduate Student Scientific Work is an important initiative in advancing higher education and strengthening the role of students in their contribution to knowledge and scientific development. This research aims to describe how this program has contributed to improving the quality of postgraduate students, as well as its impact on the development of research and publication of students' scientific work. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with literature study research as direct data. Data collection techniques by collecting published scientific papers from postgraduate students. To optimize the results of data collection, an article search was carried out from Google Scholar using the search terms names of postgraduate students who were used as research objects. Qualitative data analysis consists of three series: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The research results show that: First, the condition of the quality of research activities carried out by Postgraduate students at UIN Prof. K.H. Saifudin Zuhri Purwokerto is doing well. Second, Policy and Implementation of Increasing the Quality of Students Based on Research and Scientific Writing at the UIN Postgraduate Program, Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto is stated in Circular Letter Number: 354/Un.19/D.PPs/PP.009/4/2022 concerning Publication of Scientific Work for Postgraduate Students at the State Islamic University of Professor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto in 2022. In its implementation, postgraduates participated supports this policy by organizing various supporting activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 19th Asian Games, hosted in Hangzhou, China, have been described as a largescale event of sports intelligence, with high-tech technology such as "digital torchbearers", autonomous buses, 5G information networks, meta-universes, and intelligent robots on show. This paper will use the "intelligent robot dog" as the research object and will use the literature method, case study method, logical reasoning method, and other research methods to describe the concepts of digitalization and intelligent robots and analyse the positive effects that the combination of sports and intelligence brings to sports competitions. Using the application of an intelligent robot dog in sports competition at the Hangzhou Asian Games as a starting point, this paper will analyse the current state of sports intelligence, present the problems encountered as well as the solutions, and finally forecast the future market development of the combination of sports and artificial intelligence applied in competitive sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender is socially constructed beliefs perceived or ascribed to the sex identity of the person. Thus, this study explored, described, and interpreted the social experiences of LGBTQIA+ college students in a Catholic School. This study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. Hence, it helped to obtain a rich narrative concerning the social experiences of this group of students studying in a private Catholic school. Moreover, this paper came up with six participants determined through purposive sampling and set inclusion criteria. It employed the semi-structured in-depth interview. Also, this study utilized Lichtman’s 3Cs in analyzing the narratives of the participants. This study revealed that LGBTQIA+ college students experienced bullying and discrimination during their basic education years when they were trying to come out as who they were. Alongside the experience of coming out, they felt that they were not accepted by their father as members of the social group since they would be vulnerable to any form of humiliation. However, being a student in a Catholic school, they felt that they were accepted and welcomed. Likewise, they never experienced what happened during their high school years. Hence, the findings may serve as an eye-opener for many about the social experiences of this minority to elicit the practice of gender sensitivity and equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper projects that the figures and characteristics of leaders are needed in the power of political parties, especially in contesting simultaneous regional elections in Indonesia. In the 2014 and 2019 elections, Jokowi and Prabowo Subianto, respectively, were two central figures in each party. Analysis of survey data for eight Indonesian elections shows that party leadership and identity are the most important determinants of party votes in legislative and presidential elections. Political parties must correctly place a central figure in their respective parties. The central figure serves as a booster, navigator, and inspiration for party cadres. In addition, figures can also be public reference material to choose one political party, when it is difficult for people to distinguish ideology between one party and another. Nevertheless, the system, traditions, and regeneration process must run as it should. Because only systems, traditions, and regeneration will be the foundation of the future. Political parties as a large organization are certainly not enough to rely on only one individual. There must be a regeneration of leadership within the party. So, if the central figure is no longer in the party, the party can still survive to maintain its existence in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the symbolic political phenomenon of Karaeng power in Jeneponto, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The main objective of this research is to understand how Karaeng traditional symbols of power are maintained and utilized in the local political context. Qualitative research methods are used by conducting in depth interviews with community figures and content analysis of related primary and secondary data. The research results show that traditional Karaeng symbols of power still have strong relevance in influencing local political dynamics, even in the modern era and ongoing democratization. The discussion in this paper highlights the importance of understanding the role of symbols in the local political context, as well as its implications for power dynamics and community political participation in Jeneponto. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the countries where we have the construction of the legal system with the new laws, the ambiguity of the legal norms in the new laws in some cases is almost inevitable. But commenting on laws and judicial practice will be of great help to bring about the implementation of all legal norms as was the intention of the legislator, because the correct interpretation of legal provisions is a necessity of any legal order that creates a legal security for all citizens equally. Of course, the object of legal interpretation or clarification is not only written legal-civil norms, but also those that are part of customary law. The issue of interpretation of laws currently represents a fundamental concern for citizens and legal institutions, looking for a smart and innovative approach to address this issue effectively and sustainably. In this context, this paper aims to identify and analyze the advantages and challenges of legal doctrine and interpretation in the contemporary context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into education has fundamentally transformed teaching and learning processes, offering new avenues for enhancing educational experiences and outcomes. This paper explores the multifaceted impact of ICT on education, focusing on its ability to provide unprecedented access to information, foster innovative teaching methodologies, increase student engagement, and promote educational equity. By leveraging digital tools and resources, educators can create dynamic and interactive learning environments that cater to diverse learning styles and needs. ICT also empowers students to engage in self-directed learning and collaborate with peers across geographical boundaries. Moreover, the implementation of assistive technologies and adaptive learning platforms ensures that students with disabilities receive tailored support, promoting inclusivity. The potential of ICT to bridge educational gaps in underserved regions by providing high-quality content and flexible learning options underscores its role in advancing educational equity. Despite challenges such as the digital divide, the continued investment in ICT infrastructure and the adoption of innovative educational practices can create a more inclusive and equitable educational ecosystem. Ultimately, ICT holds the promise of reshaping the educational landscape, preparing students for success in the digital age and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The translation is one of the most crucial and great cross-lingual and multicultural practices. One of these practices is the translation of Arabic puns into English in general and Quranic Arabic pun tawriya in particular which are the most vivid and sparkling parts of any tongue. Rendering Quranic Arabic pun tawriya into English increases many critical stylistic and cultural problems and challenges in renderings; these problems and challenges are attributable to the varying renditions of Arabic and English puns and the misunderstandings between the obvious references of a pun with obscure references, which could lead to a predetermined amount of ambiguity. This research paper assays to search stylistic and cultural problems confronted in translating Quranic Arabic pun tawriya التورية into English and to determine the translation procedures exerted in rendering the Quranic Arabic puns from Arabic into English. The study displayed translating the Quranic Arabic pun tawriya التورية into English and the equivalence of this Qur'anic Arabic pun is arduous and tricky. The results of the research paper also revealed that literal translation, zero translation, and a pun to non-pun translation are not always relevant and apt for rendering Quranic Arabic pun tawriya التورية into English because they have not efficiently maintained the dual meaning of the Qur'anic Arabic pun (QAP) into the Qur'an English pun (QEP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Affected by the new coronavirus pneumonia from the year 2019 to 2022, the economic development of the tourism industry was bleak. According to data released by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, domestic tourism revenue in 2019 was 5.73 trillion yuan. In 2020, under the impact of the epidemic, the domestic tourism market has entered a low stage, with annual domestic tourism revenue of 2.23 trillion yuan, down 61.07 % year-on-year. Judging from the situation of people's travel in recent years, the development of tourism is growing. Under the epidemic, the tourism industry was pressed the pause button and the expected recovery is full of uncertainty. The epidemic has brought great challenges to the tourism industry, but it is not impossible to break through. This will be a good time for transformation and upgrading. If the tourism industry wants to make more stable and better pace of development, more intelligent information construction services need to be created into it in order to achieve breakthrough and develop characteristic products. In the era of marine economy in the 21st century, island tourism is an important part of the marine industry group. It is favored because it gives tourists a psychological feeling of staying away from the hustle and bustle of the city and returning to nature completely. The island has become a popular attraction in the world. In view of this, it is of great significance to summarize the research on island tourism. Taking Nan'ao Island in Guangdong as an example, this paper analyzes the existing problems of island tourism and formulates corresponding marketing strategies, aiming at improving its competitiveness in the travel industry and forming differentiated competitive advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Haidilao was founded in Jianyang Sichuan, in 1994. After 28 years' development, Haidilao has become a great-renowned and industrial leading hot pot brand. Adhering to the culture of "people-oriented", Haidilao has developed its own business system. Until June 30, 2022, Haidilao has opened 1,435 directly operated stores worldwide. This paper is going to take the overseas strategy of Haidilao in Thailand as an example to analyze the overseas market of Haidilao through literature survey, case analysis and SWOT analysis, hoping the paper can contribute its own effort to the dissemination and sustainable development of Haidilao in Chinese food culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to clarify the notable phenomena known as the Proteus effect. This phenomena clarifies the ability of avatar characteristics within digital gaming environments to have a noticeable impact on people’s actions in the real world. The research question that informs the conceptual framework put forward in this academic discourse is the following: if the Proteus effect is clearly perceptible among members of online gaming communities, might it not possibly also apply to users of social networking platforms? The study will use an example from the science fiction anthology series “Black Mirror” to explain and support this theoretical claim. It is hypothesised that once people create a social media presence, they start creating a digital identity or “avatar”, the development of which has the potential to have a substantial impact on their behaviour in real life. The Proteus effect’s plausible expansion outside of the online gaming industry, where it was first documented, is the main hypothesis that this paper seeks to clarify through the use of a hypothetical scenario taken from modern cinematic narratives. This article’s hypothesis imagines a future in which people eventually become like their digital avatars, leading to a time when real people resemble their virtual counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide a detailed overview of how to use a bibliometric approach to study local wisdom research trends in history learning. This study is derived from 993 research collections of local wisdom in history learning taken from google scholar data base. We used VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Research on local wisdom is very diverse in history learning, and local wisdom in each region provides uniqueness in history learning. Local wisdom in experiments by connecting history learning makes learning diverse. Therefore, based on the results of this bibliometric analysis, it provides an overview and opportunities to conduct future research both quantitatively and qualitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perspective of disaster has shifted from that of an inevitable catastrophe to a natural phenomenon in which the impact can be reduced by strengthening existing capacity within the community. Local capacity played an important part in disaster risk reduction. This is especially true in Indonesia where disaster can strike anytime because of its geographic location. Several studies have been done to identify local wisdom related to disaster risk reduction in Indonesia. However, the study of Mapalus local wisdom in Tombulu people in Tomohon, North Sulawesi related to disaster risk reduction is little to non-existent. Therefore, an effort toward linking Mapalus local wisdom and practices in Tombulu community was made in an attempt to fill the gap in the literature. This paper correlates social and economic capital found in existing Mapalus local wisdom and practices with sustainable livelihood perspective for disaster risk reduction. Future research may refer to this paper as a stepping stone toward unraveling the spirit of Mapalus in disaster risk reduction context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to present the main theoretical aspects of aggressiveness as a form of adaptation in the parent-teenager relationship, given the different characteristics of adolescents, but also of parents. Aggressiveness is an attribute characterized by a whole series of manifestations in an intentional or not intentional manner, which can be manifested in social groups, in the school environment, or even in the family. This paper comes with a unique perspective from two categories of subjects, namely, adolescents and parents from urban areas and adolescents and parents from rural areas, who have a different educational level, belonging to different social backgrounds, regarding aggression as a personality trait, how it may or may not be influenced by self-esteem or dysfunctional negative emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze from an existential point of view the sources of anxiety and depression of modern man. Over time, both anxiety and depression have been lived and approached as one of the individual's maladaptations to the outside world, as its inability to create a balance between the outside world and the inner world. Every citizen of our society realizes, based on his own experience as well as by observing his peers, that anxiety and depression are ubiquitous. We are becoming more and more aware not only of the obvious situations of creating anxiety and depression today, such as the threats of war, the uncontrolled atomic bomb and of the radical political and economic upheavals but also of the least obvious but extremely profound, namely inner confusion, psychological disorientation and uncertainty about acceptable standards of conduct. Despite the fact that anxiety and depression have become a central issue in some of the cultural dimensions of our existence, often, addressing the issues has been hampered by a lack of coordination between these theories and approaches. In this sense, one of the remarkable and extremely useful works in creating an integrative vision of anxiety is the work of Rollo May, „The meaning of anxiety", which we will frequently quote in the chapter on anxiety. Thus, the paper debates and analyzes the concept of „ meaning and purpose in one's own life " and how its existence or absence influences the individual's ability to live a state of mental balance. Throughout the paper, we will review the main approaches and theories on anxiety and depression in order to have a broader perspective on the evolution of their understanding both from the point of view of psychologically and in terms of inner life. We aim to highlight the usefulness and contribution of integrative existential analysis in psychotherapeutic support for addressing anxiety and depression. Methodological support for the connection between living the existential meaning, anxiety and depression will be addressed in the chapter destined for it by which we aim to analyze the connection between the three variables and the way they are influenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper aims to point out the sociolinguistic relations between the Albanian Language dialects and Standard Albanian. The focus of our research are school environments. The roads construction and the freedom of movement inside and outside Kosovo, especially the close relations with Albania and the TV platforms Digitalb and Tring being important sociolinguistic factors have brought closer the sweetness of Albanian Language to Albanians. Therefore, this paper will elaborate the role and connection of these factors in language. TV channels as Bang Bang, T, Tring Tring, Tring Albania, Discovery Science, Tring History, Tring Nature, or the TV program “Albanian Tracks” led by Marin Mema are educational programs that spread general knowledge in different fields like: nature, history, etc. In larger schools, especially in classrooms where students come from different countries, we notice language systems and subsystems which interact in children’s general communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies presents both opportunities and challenges for labor markets globally. By adopting a qualitative methodology, this study analyses the impact of AI integration in jobs on the labor market and the subsequent policy responses by governments. The study specifies the industries and jobs that are highly susceptible to AI-driven automation, particularly those characterized by routine and repetitive tasks. The study also acknowledges the potential for AI to create new job categories. Key findings suggest that while AI poses a significant risk of job displacement in several sectors, it also offers opportunities for economic growth, opening of new jobs and innovation. Moreover, the study highlights various government strategies employed globally, including up-skilling and re-skilling initiatives, strengthening social protection systems, and fostering AI-human collaboration. These strategies aim to mitigate the adverse impacts of AI on employment and ensure a balanced transition to AI-integrated economies. Based on these strategies, the paper suggests some recommendations for governments to address AI-driven job losses, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary education, ethical AI use, inclusive growth strategies, and international cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One thing the world at this time needs is leadership. As a Christian, the bible contains countless figures who exhibit biblical leadership. In this day and age, Christian leadership is an uncommon and significant quality. Mrs. White even mentioned the traits of those who can stand up for what is right in the midst of chaos. Numerous individuals with this quality of leadership are mentioned in the Bible, including Joseph, Daniel, Paul, and even Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior; however, the focus of this essay is Joshua, the man who succeeded. This paper is based on the identification results above, the researcher defines the problems that are considered to greatly influence the leadership model based on the book of Joshua on the performance of executive and legislative employees. This resultresultstesting of the hypothesis shows thatTransactional leadership based on the book of Joshuahas a positive and significant influenceOn the Performance of Christian executive and legislative employees in Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. This is in accordance with the proposed hypothesis. Thus the hypothesis is declared accepted. Based on the T test, it is known that the t-count is 14.682 > t-table (14.682 > 1.654) and sig < 0.01 (0.000 < 0.01), this means that H0 is rejected and H6 is accepted. Or in other words shows thatTransactional leadership based on the book of Joshuahas a significant influence on the performance of Christian executive and legislative employees in Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. From the Pearson correlation value on sub variablePerformance of Christian executive and legislative employees in Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review comprehensively analyzes the contemporary Greek legislative foster care system according to N4538/2018, exploring all the relevant international agreements such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the European Union's Charter of Fundamental Rights, that influenced its enactment. It highlights the rights and protection afforded to children in foster care, detailing provisions from the Hague Convention on the Rights of the Child and European legislation. It explores thoroughly the recent legislative reforms in Greece, including the establishment of the National Council for Foster Care and Adoption. It emphasizes the development and adherence to National and Special Registers for minors in the modern Child Protection System, as well as the implementation of Individual Family Rehabilitation Plans. It reveals that the recent legislation framework has many advantages but also a few weaknesses that could be amended. The legal procedures and criteria for placing minors in fostering in Greece, and the required criteria to ensure that foster parents meet the necessary guidelines to protect the best interests of children are discussed. This paper also examines the legal and procedural steps required to link children to foster families, the arrangements for supervision of foster parents and the consequences of fostering in cases of noncompliance. It is also proven that social workers play a key role in all stages and procedures of the application of the institution of foster care since they have taken up the main responsibilities for its implementation, prior, during and after the children are placed in foster parents. The article concludes that there is an imperative need for informed policies and practices that will ensure the adequate care and protection of minors in the foster system, recommending a synergy of legal, institutional, and educational strategies to optimize the welfare of foster children and support foster parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethics are the basis for achieving individual, group and societal happiness. This research paper studies the role of Islamic work ethics as a mediating variable in the relationship between human capital and public services performance in the public sector of Bahrain. The scarcity of previous studies in the field of Islamic work ethics as a mediating variable in the relationship between human capital and public services performance is the motivating factor of this study. A total of 640 questionnaires were distributed to the citizens in the four governorates of Bahrain, i.e., Southern, Muharraq, Northern and the Capital, using the systematic random sampling method, A five point Likert scale was used to measure all variables. A total of 384 questionnaires were returned of which 368 were usable questionnaires. The findings of this research paper show a significant and positive relationship between human capital and public services performance. Islamic work ethics, as the mediating variable, has a highly positive effect on the relationship between human capital and public services performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The centrality of examinations to the understanding of competences and abilities of examinees across the globe cannot be overemphasised. The paper focused on exploring the criteria used in setting the English language component of the Mature Students' Entrance Examination questions in Ghana. The qualitative design (specifically, multiple case study design) was employed for the paper. Using the multi-stage sampling technique, five Ghanaian universities were used for the paper. The data was elicited from in-depth interviews applied on the lecturers who set the English language component of the MSEE questions. [1] data analysis spiral plan was employed to analyse the data. The paper revealed that there were major weaknesses in the criteria used by the universities in areas such as training of the assessors, use of standard assessment models and consideration of test takers' characteristics. The paper advanced, to policy makers, suggestions such as the adoption of standard assessment models and the training of the assessors for the improvement of the examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the application of three major theories of leadership in the education field. The paper starts with the trait theories and the possibility of its application in the education system from the highest position down to the teacher classroom. The second theory this paper sheds light on is the situational leadership theory. It looks into the literature regarding its application in the same system, i.e. education. The last theory this paper discusses is the contingency theory. It showcases the definition of the theory and the literature around its application in the educational system. The paper finally concludes that all theories are applicable according to the literature and research made on the topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]