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The purpose of this review is to conduct a detailed analysis of the literature on the use of myofunctional oral therapy tools for the treatment of Class II skeletal malocclusions. From March to May 2020, a comprehensive and systematic search was performed on the Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar databases for works published since January 2010, using the following terms in the search: oral myofunctional tools; Class II skeletal malocclusions in children; treatment of class II bone malocclusion in children. Additional manual searches from other sources are also carried out. Only scientific articles in English are considered for this review. An electronic and manual search resulted in the identification of 61 articles. Based on the inclusion criteria, a full text copy of 30 articles was selected for analysis. Specific analysis was then made of 16 articles describing the effects produced using tools to treat Class II skeletal malocclusion and masticatory muscle dysfunction. Literature findings indicate that the myofunctional oral therapy allows the treatment of several problems associated with the development of class II malocclusions. Although therapy induces mainly dentoalveolar changes that result in significant overjet reduction, this therapy also shows a positive effect on masticatory and perioral muscles. This method has been proven effective in obtaining significant corrections for class II skeletal malocclusions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nutritional problems that may arise due to the low quality of food consumed is called stunting on children. Stunting describes the inadequacy of body heigh according to its age due to malnutrition or chronic malnutrition. Stunting is often not known in the society where the treatment of such issue is very general thus considered as normal. Stunting also affects oral health of children. Objective: To review the relationship of dental and oral condition with the incidence of stunting on children. Methods: Scientific evidence and clinical cases are drawn from the literature to support this review and gather scientific information about the relationship of teeth to the incidence of stunting in children. Results: There are several relationships of dental or oral conditions in children with the incidence of stunting experienced. Some of them are related to the incidence of dental caries in children, delayed eruption of permanent teeth, and have an influence on the flow rate of saliva in children. Conclusion: The incidence of stunting in children is a condition that describes the lack of nutritional status that has a chronic nature during the growth and development of children since the beginning of life. Scientific studies from several literatures prove that there are some relationships between the incidence of stunting in children with the state of oral health of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The jaw joint or the Temporo Mandibular Joint (TMJ) is the most complex joint, this joint opens and closes like a hinge and shifts forward, back and from side to side. The jaw joint has a very important role in the function of mastication, swallowing and speech. During the chewing process, this joint supports a large amount of pressure from the jaw joint muscles. One way to detect temporomandibular muscle abnormalities is to determine the strength of contractions in the muscles involved when performing masticatory functions. Objective: The aim of this study is to develop an innovative androidbased portable tool for early detection of Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in Masseter and Temporalis muscles based on Android as a early detection with a short time analysis thereby reducing the severity of the child's jaw joint disorders. Methods: In mastication muscle, thirty 7.2 ± 1.3 years old pediatric patients were 30 people, assessed using a dentosmart EMG detection device and the results compared muscle strength in pediatric patients with class I malocclusions with mesioocclusion and distoocclusion malocclusions. Results: In the application, the diagnosis will be displayed in 2 conditions, namely "Normal" or "Temporomandibular disorders". For class I malocclusion is a normal condition, but for class II (mesioocclusion) and III (distoocclusion) malocclusion is a condition called abnormal "Temporomandibular disorders". Conclusion: Early detection of jaw joint muscle disorders based on an android smartphone. Jaw joint disorders are identified based on electrical activity in the masseter and temporalis muscles and process the data obtained as a result of a temporary diagnosis to see the strength of normal or abnormal muscle contractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a directly infectious disease caused by Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). In Indonesia, Pulmonary Tuberculosis has been a significant public health problem with the number of sufferers, around 10% of the total number of people. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 that 10 million people fall ill with TB, and Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the community about pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area. Method: This study used an observational cross-sectional research design to find out the description of people's knowledge and attitudes about Tuberculosis and conducted in the working area of Salotungo Health Center, Malaka Health Center, and Panincong Health Center, Soppeng District, South Sulawesi. Primary data was obtained through 110 respondents by filling out questionnaires and giving responses by answering questions about knowledge and attitudes about efforts to prevent transmission of pulmonary TB disease. Result: Among all the respondents, it can be seen based on sociodemographic characteristics. Out of 110 respondents, most of them are female as many as 67 respondents, while men are 43 respondents. An overview of the features of respondents from this study also shows where they got information about pulmonary TB. Respondents consider the environment to be wrong, and the factor of malnutrition is not something that can aggravate the patient's condition. It showedthat the respondent's correct answers, below 50%, respectively. Conclusion: Useful knowledge is expected to prevent and cope with pulmonary TB disease. The higher the education then it will contribute to shaping good attitudes and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common caries in children. One reason is the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. Choosing the right diet can suppress the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer from white shrimp waste as an antibacterial and can be combined with food or drinks including chewable lozenges. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of chewable lozenges from white shrimp waste (Litopenaeus vannamei) in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans bacteria in ECC cases. Research Methods: This type of research uses field and laboratory experimental research designs with pretest-posttest control group design. A sample of 30 children consisted of 3 groups, namely 10 children chewing xylitol candy, 10 children chewing chewable lozenges chitosan 2.5%, and 10 children chewing chewable lozenges chitosan 5%. Then, bacterial samples isolated from caries teeth before and after chewing chewable lozenges. Then, counted the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies using the colony counter method with the CFU unit. Data processing and analysis using SPSS version 25.0 for windows. Results: The paired t-test results showed a significant decrease in the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies before and after chewable lozenges chitosan 2.5%. The average difference between groups before and after treatment of chewable lozenges was -17.9 CFU with a standard deviation of 20.306. The paired t-test results showed a significant decrease in the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies before and after chewable lozenges chitosan 5%. The average difference between groups before and after treatment of chewable lozenges was -15.4 CFU with a standard deviation of 9.24. Data test results obtained p = 0.021 (p <0.05). This shows a significant decrease in the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies in cases of early childhood caries. Conclusion: Chewable lozenges chitosan 2.5% effective in reducing the number of Streptococcus mutans bacterial colonies in cases of early childhood caries in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]