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The article opens by considering the figure of Pope Benedict XVI as university professor Joseph Ratzinger. Various topics discussed include his perspective on reason and faith, his reasonableness as a Pope, his works as a Pope of Europe, his opinion on Western culture and his discursive style on religious works. It further discusses his political activities, exemplary discipline on religion, his interest in German culture of 19th century, historic sources on his literary works and relation between religion and politics.

A conference paper is presented on the history of the Italian university system, with a focus on university reforms, the role of the Pope in the university, and the social role of the university. Topics discussed include background information on the administration of Italian universities, reforms and changes in the university system between 1874 and 2011, and the educational role of the university.