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Strategic narratives are descriptions and interpretations of events of the world from the perspective of agents in international relations. They offer a justification for the agent's actions and ambitions and ensure cohesion and support within the agent's community. The article shortly summarises major changes caused by modern technology in the formation and projection of strategic narratives, then discusses reception in detail. In the investigation of strategic narratives, projection got into the focus at the beginning of the digital age and only recently has attention turned towards reception, that is, impact on society. The theoretical background of societal security originating from the Copenhagen School allows an overview of the vulnerabilities of modern communities to disinformation, also highlighting the trans-sectoral nature of the threats. The conclusion of the paper is that modern liberal democracies are at a disadvantage in developing protection against disinformation because of their fundamental values. The privatization of media outlets was welcomed a few decades ago and the concentration of media ownership was not deemed dangerous. However, if media is securitized, the increase of control may be necessary, otherwise maintaining cohesion through one's own strategic narrative and blocking rival strategic narrative may become impossible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "societal security" concept rooted in Copenhagen's School works currently bears different approaches and uses. Two paradigms of understanding are specific to its employment -- an "identity-based" one and a functional one. While the first see "identity" as a referent object - and societal threats are defined accordingly, the second refers to the ability of a society to function, being thus subject to various threats. The current paper examines how "societal security" is conceptualized in Romania's National Defence Strategy and Hungary's National Security Strategy (documents issued in 2020) aiming to identify as well potential sources of friction resulting from Hungary's extensive use of the concept "Hungarian political nation" -- which includes the Hungarian national minority in Romania. The research builds on the existing knowledge about the conceptualization of societal security in policy documents and academic literature of states in the Baltic Sea Region, where either one or the other meaning is predominant or substituted with associated concepts. The contents of the strategies were qualitatively analyzed through a hybrid coding approach (first deductive and then inductive), using a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis package (MAXQDA) to enhance the validity of the findings. The coding process was based on various definitions given to societal security and its associated concepts in Copenhagen's School understanding, the "Nordic" perspective, and the academic literature of states in the Baltic Sea Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of migration towards Europe, in idealistic terms shows the soft approach of European mentality, but in practical rapports it demonstrates that mixing and/or dissolving identities can generate an unprecedented phenomenon and societal insecurity. The investigated solution would beneficially reside in shaping the pattern to build a resilient societal ecosystem. Therefore, societal resilience would have to become synonym with the ability to instantly regenerate a system of values. A skeptical approach becomes also useful to acknowledge that under the shadow of unsatisfactory searches, social tensions become more frequent. New policies are forced to call for identity preservation, consisting in multifaceted debates about norms and symbol's roles in our societies. Continuing this pattern, it is noticeable to consider that the most important aspect to follow is to transform the threshold of threat into an area of opportunity at the societal level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]