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Russian Abstract: В учебном пособии рассмотрены теоретические материалы для применения информационных и коммуникационных технологий по удовлетворению требований потребителя в продукте или услуге сетевого ресторанного бизнеса и практических навыков осуществления данного вида производственно-технологической деятельности; дан обзор основных систем автоматизации, используемые в сетевом ресторанном бизнесе. English Abstract: The training manual covers theoretical materials for the application of information and communication technologies to meet customer requirements in a product or service of a network of restaurant business and practical skills for the implementation of this type of production and technological activities; the basics of automation systems of the network restaurant business. The knowledge gained in the study of the discipline can be applied when writing graduate qualification work for the degree of "Bachelor", as well as in subsequent work in the hospitality and tourism industry after graduation. It is used to direct the training of bachelors 43.03.03 "Hotel business" profiles "Hotel business" and "Restaurant business" and may be of interest to teachers of related disciplines.

The BHRC conducted a series of plenary sessions and workshops in Harare and Bulawayo aimed to develop strategies and systematise approaches to human rights monitoring and reporting. In partnership with the John Smith Memorial Trust, the BHRC provided training with a focus on human rights during the electoral processes. As part of this project, Theodora (BHRC) produced the training manual 'Tracking Expression: Monitoring, Reporting and Addressing Human Rights Violations During Elections'. Specifically tailored for Zimbabwe, this is a resource which comprehensively covers human rights law in the context of elections. The Manual places emphasis on training lawyers in areas of human rights which are requisite to the creation of an environment most conducive to "free and fair" elections; namely, the rights to freedom of expression, information, association and assembly. Throughout the Manual, examples are provided in order to demonstrate how international norms have been interpreted in actual cases. This version does not include the section on Networking for elections monitoring produced by the John Smith Memorial Trust.

The training manual is targeted at all stakeholders who are involved in alleviation of poverty among smallholder farmers in the semi-arid tropics who cultivate their lands under marginal environments. It provides the key concepts to understand the changing dynamics of value chains and case studies in the fast changing market scenario. The consumption pattern of most of the urban consumers is changing towards high-value commodities, ready-to-cook products; they can afford to buy value-added products even though at higher prices. However, the majority of the rural population is still price conscious; they prefer to buy un-processed grains at the cheapest price. Hence, value chain analysis should also look into cost cutting innovations along the value chain to benefit price conscious poor consumers besides focusing on value added products. Under the changing utilization patterns, there is a growing demand for feed and fodder as the demand for livestock products is increasing. Additionally, the non-traditional sources of demand such as brewery, starch and bio-fuel industry are other growth sectors that need to be met by innovative arrangements like bulk marketing of grain. For this training material, the concepts of value chains have been taken freely from various published sources with due acknowledgment. We have also included value chain case studies of sorghum, pearl millet, cotton and jatropha, which are major dryland crops, to give further insights to the readers. The training material also includes the recent concept ‘Producer companies’ evolved in India, to provide recent developments in innovative institutions. We are thankful to Praduman Kumar for allowing us to reproduce the paper on value chains on biofuels.The training material also includes a brief note on the ‘Producer Companies’, an emerging innovative institution for the primary producers in the country.

Entrepreneurship is the process of initiating a business venture, organizing the necessary resources, and assuming the associated risks and rewards and the entrepreneur someone who recognizes a viable idea for a business product or service and carries it out... Small and medium sized enterprises (SME) independently owned and are usually not dominant in their field. In some countries, (SME) are considered to have less than 200 workers.They have many advantages: innovative,flexibility, effective in customer services, effective in owner-worker relations, covering the isolated market niches, facing low cost and easy to form. But the disadvantages of SME are inadequate management skills or capacities, limited financing, limited growth and weakness in competition with large enterprises. To improve the welfare of poor people in local communities, create more self-employed jobs and achieve economic development in the society, a entrepreneurship and micro projects investments or small businesses should be encouraged, supported, and adapted by the official institutions or non-official institutions. To support this idea a training manual of how to prepare investment project and the elements of investment valuation has been developed.