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The Kyoto Tridimensional Spectrograph II (Kyoto 3DII) is an optical integral field spectrograph mounted on the Subaru telescope as a PI-type instrument. Used with AO188, Kyoto 3DII provides us unique opportunities of optical Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) with adaptive optics (AO). While AO works better in redder wavelength regions, quantum efficiency of the previous CCD was low there with optimization for a wider wavelength coverage. To optimize Kyoto 3DII to AO observations, we have newly installed the red-sensitive Hamamatsu fully depleted CCD, which enhances the system efficiency by a factor of ~2 in the red wavelength range. Fringes are dramatically reduced, and the readout noise drops to 3:2-3:4e- about two times smaller than previous, due to refrigerator and readout system. With these improvements, we carried out engineering and scientific observations in September 2015, February and March 2016. We measured the system efficiency using a standard star, and confirmed the successful improvement of the system efficiency. We observed galactic nuclei of nearby galaxies in the Natural Guide Star (NGS) and the Laser Guide Star (LGS) modes. We found the spatial resolution of ~0.1′′ FWHM using a 9.5-magnitude NGS, and ~0.2 - 0:4′′ in LGS mode. Together with the AO resolution, improved efficiency opens a new window for Kyoto 3DII to carry out high resolution optical IFS targeting faint objects such as high-redshift galaxies as well as faint lines such as [OI] λ6300° A and absorption lines of nearby objects.

In 2014 and 2015 the Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) instrument at the Subaru Telescope on Maunakea is underwent a significant modernization and upgrade project. We upgraded the two Hawaii2 detectors to Hawaii2-RG models, modernized the cryogenic temperature control system, and rewrote much of the instrument control software. The detector upgrade replaced the Hawaii2 detectors which use the Tohoku University Focal Plane Array Controller (TUFPAC) electronics with Hawaii2-RG detectors using SIDECAR ASIC (a fully integrated FPA controller system-on-a-chip) and a SAM interface card. We achieved an improvement in read noise by a factor of about 2 with this detector and electronics upgrade. The cryogenic temperature control upgrade focused on modernizing the components and making the procedures for warm up and cool down of the instrument safer. We have moved PID control loops out of the instrument control software and into Lakeshore model 336 cryogenic temperature controllers and have added interlocks on the warming systems to prevent overheating of the instrument. Much of the instrument control software has also been re-written. This was necessitated by the different interface to the detector electronics (ASIC and SAM vs. TUFPAC) and by the desire to modernize the interface to the telescope control software which has been updated to Subaru's "Gen2" system since the time of MOIRCS construction and first light. The new software is also designed to increase reliability of operation of the instrument, decrease overheads, and be easier for night time operators and support astronomers to use.

We present a conceptual design to implement wide-field focal plane assembly with InGaAs image sensors which are being tested intensively and reveled to be promising for astronomical use. InGaAs image sensors are sensitive up to 1.7 microns and would open a new window for the wide-field near-infrared (NIR) imaging survey once large format sensors are developed. The sensors are not necessarily cooled down to below 100 K, which is the case for prevailing NIR image sensors such as HgCdTe, enabling us to develop the NIR camera based on the technique developed for the CCD camera in optical wavelength. The major technical challenges to employ InGaAS image sensors for wide-field NIR camera are implementation of focal plane assembly and thermal design. In this article, we discuss these difficulties and show how we can conquer based on our experience to build Hyper Suprime-Cam, which is a wide-field imager with 116 2k4k CCDs attached to Subaru Telescope.

MIMIZUKU is the first-generation mid-infrared instrument for the university of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO) 6.5-m telescope. MIMIZUKU provides imaging and spectroscopic monitoring capabilities in a wide wavelength range from 2 to 38 μm, including unique bands like 2.7-μm and 30-μm band. Recently, we decided to add spectroscopic functions, KL-band mode (λ= 2.1-4.0 μm; R =λ/Δλ ~ 210) and 2.7-μm band mode ( λ= 2.4-2.95 μm; R ~ 620), and continuous spectroscopic coverage from 2.1 to 26 μm is realized by this update. Their optical designing is completed, and fabrications of optical elements are ongoing. As recent progress, we also report the completion of the cryogenic system and optics. The cryogenic system has been updated by changing materials and structures of thermal links, and the temperatures of the optical bench and detector mounting stages finally achieved required temperatures. Their stability against instrument attitude is also confirmed through an inclination test. As for the optics, its gold-plated mirrors have been recovered from galvanic corrosion by refabrication and reconstruction. Enough image quality and stability are confirmed by room-temperature tests. MIMIZUKU is intended to be completed in this autumn, and commissioning at the Subaru telescope and scientific operations on the TAO telescope are planned in 2017 and around 2019, respectively. In this paper, these development activities and future prospects of MIMIZUKU are reported.

The Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS) is an integral field spectrograph (IFS) that has been built for the Subaru telescope. CHARIS has two imaging modes; the high-resolution mode is R82, R69, and R82 in J, H, and K bands respectively while the low-resolution discovery mode uses a second low-resolution prism with R19 spanning 1.15-2.37 microns (J+H+K bands). The discovery mode is meant to augment the low inner working angle of the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) adaptive optics system, which feeds CHARIS a coronagraphic image. The goal is to detect and characterize brown dwarfs and hot Jovian planets down to contrasts five orders of magnitude dimmer than their parent star at an inner working angle as low as 80 milliarcseconds. CHARIS constrains spectral crosstalk through several key aspects of the optical design. Additionally, the repeatability of alignment of certain optical components is critical to the calibrations required for the data pipeline. Specifically the relative alignment of the lens let array, prism, and detector must be highly stable and repeatable between imaging modes. We report on the measured repeatability and stability of these mechanisms, measurements of spectral crosstalk in the instrument, and the propagation of these errors through the data pipeline. Another key design feature of CHARIS is the prism, which pairs Barium Fluoride with Ohara L-BBH2 high index glass. The dispersion of the prism is significantly more uniform than other glass choices, and the CHARIS prisms represent the first NIR astronomical instrument that uses L-BBH2as the high index material. This material choice was key to the utility of the discovery mode, so significant efforts were put into cryogenic characterization of the material. The final performance of the prism assemblies in their operating environment is described in detail. The spectrograph is going through final alignment, cryogenic cycling, and is being delivered to the Subaru telescope in April 2016. This paper is a report on the laboratory performance of the spectrograph, and its current status in the commissioning process so that observers will better understand the instrument capabilities. We will also discuss the lessons learned during the testing process and their impact on future high-contrast imaging spectrographs for wavefront control.

The Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph[1] (PFS) requires a suite of volume phase holographic (VPH) gratings that parse the observational spectrum into three sub-spectral regions. In addition, the red region has a second, higher resolution arm that includes a VPH grating that will eventually be incorporated into a grism. This paper describes the specifications of the four grating types, gives the theoretical performances of diffraction efficiency for the production designs and presents the measured performances on the gratings produced to date.

ULTIMATE is an instrument concept under development at the AAO, for the Subaru Telescope, which will have the unique combination of ground layer adaptive optics feeding multiple deployable integral field units. This will allow ULTIMATE to probe unexplored parameter space, enabling science cases such as the evolution of galaxies at z ~ 0:5 to 1.5, and the dark matter content of the inner part of our Galaxy. ULTIMATE will use Starbugs to position between 7 and 13 IFUs over a 14 × 8 arcmin field-of-view, pro- vided by a new wide-field corrector. All Starbugs can be positioned simultaneously, to an accuracy of better than 5 milli-arcsec within the typical slew-time of the telescope, allowing for very efficient re-configuration between observations. The IFUs will feed either the near-infrared nuMOIRCS or the visible/ near-infrared PFS spectrographs, or both. Future possible upgrades include the possibility of purpose built spectrographs and incorporating OH suppression using fibre Bragg gratings. We describe the science case and resulting design requirements, the baseline instrument concept, and the expected performance of the instrument.

Subaru Telescope, an 8-meter class optical telescope located in Hawaii, has been using a high-availability commodity cluster as a platform for our Observation Control System (OCS). Until recently, we have followed a tried-and-tested practice of running the system under a native (Linux) OS installation with dedicated attached RAID systems and following a strict cluster deployment model to facilitate failover handling of hardware problems,1.2 Following the apparent benefits of virtualizing (i.e. running in Virtual Machines (VMs)) many of the non- observation critical systems at the base facility, we recently began to explore the idea of migrating other parts of the observatory's computing infrastructure to virtualized systems, including the summit OCS, data analysis systems and even the front ends of various Instrument Control Systems. In this paper we describe our experience with the initial migration of the Observation Control System to virtual machines running on the cluster and using a new generation tool – ansible - to automate installation and deployment. This change has significant impacts for ease of cluster maintenance, upgrades, snapshots/backups, risk-management, availability, performance, cost-savings and energy use. In this paper we discuss some of the trade-offs involved in this virtualization and some of the impacts for the above-mentioned areas, as well as the specific techniques we are using to accomplish the changeover, simplify installation and reduce management complexity.

In the past few years, a new prime focus optical imager Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), which has 1.5 deg field of view (FoV), is commissioned and started its science operation. Prime-Focus Spectrograph (PFS), which is an optical to near-infrared multiplexed spectrograph over 1.3 deg FoV is currently in the construction phase and will be a next facility instrument to promote the wide-field astronomy at Subaru together with HSC. As a new facility instrument program, ULTIMATE-Subaru, which will develop wide-field near-infrared instruments with the aid of ground-layer adaptive optics system, is being planned. In addition to the new facility instruments, upgrades of the existing facility instruments and developments of several visitor instruments are in progress. This paper gives an overview of current and future instrumentation at the Subaru telescope.

The University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory Project is to construct and operate a 6.5m infrared telescope at the summit of Co. Chajnantor (5640m altitude) in northern Chile, promoted by the Institute of Astronomy of the University of Tokyo. Thanks to the dry climate (PWV~0.5mm) and the high altitude, excellent observation condition in the NIR to MIR wavelengths is achieved. The telescope has two Nasmyth foci where two facility instruments, SWIMS for the near-infrared and MIMIZUKU for the mid-infrared, are installed and two folded- Cassegrain foci for carry-in instruments. All these four foci can be switched by rotating a tertiary mirror. The final focal ratio is 12.2 and the foci have large field-of-view of 25 arcmin in diameter. We adopted a 6.5-m F/1.25 light-weighted borosilicate honeycomb primary mirror and its support system that are developed by Steward Observatory Richard F. Caris Mirror Lab. An enclosure has the shape of carousel, and large ventilation windows with shutters control the wind to flush heat inside the enclosure. A support building with a control room, a mirror coating system and maintenance facilities is located at the side of the enclosure. The mirror coating system consists of a large aluminizing chamber and a mirror washing facility. The operation of the telescope will be remotely carried out from a base facility at San Pedro de Atacama, 50km away from the summit. Development of the two facility instruments has already been completed and they are transported to Hilo, Hawaii in 2017. We are going to carry out engineering observations of those instruments on the Subaru telescope for clearing up technical issues and verifying their performance. The existing summit access road from the ALMA concession area was laid in 2006, however, it is too narrow to carry large components of the telescope and the ancillary facilities such as the primary mirror, its cell, and the aluminizing chamber. The road is being expanded so that it has the width of

It is expected that the next generation of large ground based astronomical telescopes will need large fast-steering/tip-tilt mirrors made of ultra-lightweight construction. These fast-steering mirrors are used to continuously correct for atmospheric disturbances and telescope vibrations. An example of this is the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) M5 lightweight mirror, which is part of the Tip-Tilt/Field-Stabilization Unit. The baseline design for the E-ELT M5 mirror, as presented in the E-ELT Construction Proposal, is a closed-back ULE mirror with a lightweight core using square core cells. Corning Incorporated (Corning) has a long history of manufacturing lightweight mirror blanks using ULE in a closed-back construction, going back to the 1960’s, and includes the Hubble Space Telescope primary mirror, Subaru Telescope secondary and tertiary mirrors, the Magellan I and II tertiary mirrors, and Kepler Space Telescope primary mirror, among many others. A parametric study of 1-meter class lightweight mirror designs showed that Corning’s capability to seal a continuous back sheet to a light-weighted core structure provides superior mirror rigidity, in a near-zero thermal expansion material, relative to other existing technologies in this design space. Corning has investigated the parametric performance of several design characteristics for a 3-meter class lightweight mirror blank for the E-ELT M5. Finite Element Analysis was performed on several design scenarios to obtain weight, areal density, and first Eigen frequency. This paper presents an overview of Corning ULE and lightweight mirror manufacturing capabilities, the parametric performance of design characteristics for 1-meter class and 3-meter class lightweight mirrors, as well as the manufacturing advantages and disadvantages of those characteristics.

The Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS) is an integral field spectrograph (IFS) being built for the Subaru telescope. CHARIS will take spectra of brown dwarfs and hot Jovian planets in the coronagraphic image provided by the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) and AO188 adaptive optics systems. 1, 2 The system is designed to detect objects five orders of magnitude dimmer than their parent star down to an 80 milliarcsecond inner working angle. For characterization, CHARIS has a high-resolution prism providing an average spectral resolution of R82, R69, and R82 in J, H, and K bands respectively. The so-called discovery mode uses a second low-resolution prism with an average spectral resolution of R19 spanning 1.15-2.37 microns (J+H+K bands). This is unique compared to other high contrast IFS designs. It augments low inner working angle performance by reducing the separation at which we can rely on spectral differential imaging. The principal challenge for a high-contrast IFS is quasi-static speckles, which cause undue levels of spectral crosstalk. CHARIS has addressed this through several key design aspects that should constrain crosstalk between adjacent spectral features to be below 1%. Sitting on the Nasmyth platform, the alignment between the lenslet array, prism, and detector will be highly stable, key for the performance of the data pipeline. Nearly every component has arrived and the project is entering its final build phase. Here we review the science case, the resulting design, status of final construction, and lessons learned that are directly applicable to future exoplanet instruments.

Using the Cryogenic High Accuracy Refraction Measuring System (CHARMS) at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, we have made the first cryogenic measurements of absolute refractive index for Ohara L-BBH2 glass to enable the design of a prism for the Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS) at the Subaru telescope. L-BBH2 is employed in CHARIS’s prism design for improving the spectrograph’s dispersion uniformity. Index measurements were made at temperatures from 110 to 305 K at wavelengths from 0.46 to 3.16 μm. We report absolute refractive index (n), dispersion (dn/dλ), and thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT) for this material along with estimated single measurement uncertainties as a function of wavelength and temperature. We provide temperature-dependent Sellmeier coefficients based on our data to allow accurate interpolation of index to other wavelengths and temperatures within applicable ranges. This paper also speaks of the challenges in measuring index for a material which is not available in sufficient thickness to fabricate a typical prism for measurement in CHARMS, the tailoring of the index prism design that allowed these index measurements to be made, and the remarkable results obtained from that prism for this practical infrared material.

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is the optical and near-infrared wide-field camera equipped on the Subaru Telescope. Its huge field of view (1.5 degree diameter) with 104 CCDs and the large mirror (8.2m) of the telescope will make us to study the Universe more efficiently. The analysis pipeline for HSC data produces processed images, and object catalogs of each CCD and stacked images. For survey in next 5 years, the number of rows in the object catalog table will reach to at least 5 x 10 9 . We show the outline of the database systems of HSC data to store those huge data.

The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a major instrument under development for the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. Four identical spectrograph modules are located in a room above one Nasmyth focus. A 55~m fiber optic cable feeds light to the spectrographs from a robotic positioner at the prime focus, behind the wide-field corrector developed for Hyper Suprime-Cam. The positioner contains 2400 fibers and covers a 1.3~degree hexagonal field of view. The spectrograph optical design consists of a Schmidt collimator, two dichroic beamsplitters to split the light into three channels, and for each channel a volume phase holographic (VPH) grating and a dual-corrector, modified Schmidt reimaging camera. This design provides a 275~mm collimated beam diameter, wide simultaneous wavelength coverage from 380~nm to 1.26~\textmu m, and good imaging performance at the fast f/1.05 focal ratio required from the cameras to avoid oversampling the fibers. The three channels are designated as the blue, red, and near-infrared (NIR), and cover the bandpasses 380--650~nm (blue), 630--970~nm (red), and 0.94--1.26~\textmu m (NIR). A mosaic of two Hamamatsu 2k$\times$4k, 15~\textmu m pixel CCDs records the spectra in the blue and red channels, while the NIR channel employs a 4k$\times$4k, substrate-removed HAWAII-4RG array from Teledyne, with 15~\textmu m pixels and a 1.7~\textmu m wavelength cutoff. VPH gratings were an obvious choice for PFS and a set of three prototype VPH gratings (one each of the blue, red, and NIR designs) was ordered and has been recently delivered. In this paper we present the design and specifications for the PFS gratings, the plan and setups used for testing both the prototype and final gratings, and results from recent optical testing of the prototype grating set., Comment: 18 pages, 20 figures SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014, Montreal

Raven is a multi-object adaptive optics (MOAO) demonstrator that will be mounted on the NIR Nasmyth platform of the Subaru telescope in May, 2014. Raven can use three open-loop NGS WFSs and an on-axis LGS WFS to control DMs in two separate science pick-off arms. Centroiding in open loop AO systems like Raven is more difficult than in closed loop AO systems because the Shack-Hartmann spots will not be driven to the same spot on a detector. Rather the spots can fall on any combination of pixels because the WFSs need to have sufficient dynamic range to measure the full turbulence. In this paper, we compare correlation and thresholded center of gravity (tCOG) centroiding methods in simulation, with Raven using its calibration unit, and on-sky. Each method has its own advantages. Correlation centroiding is superior to tCOG centroiding for faint NGSs and for extended sources (Raven open loop WFSs do not contain ADCs so spots will become elongated). We expect that correlation centroiding will push the limiting magnitude of Raven NGSs fainter by roughly one magnitude. Correlation centroiding is computationally more intensive, however, and actually will limit Raven’s sampling rate for shorter integrations. Therefore, for bright stars with sufficiently high signal-to-noise, Raven can be run significantly faster and with superior performance using the tCOG method. Here we quantify both the performance and timing differences of these two centroiding methods in simulation, in the lab and on sky using Raven.

Current AO observations rely heavily on the AO188 instrument, a 188-elements system that can operate in natural or laser guide star (LGS) mode, and delivers diffraction-limited images in near-IR. In its LGS mode, laser light is transported from the solid state laser to the launch telescope by a single mode fiber. AO188 can feed several instruments: the infrared camera and spectrograph (IRCS), a high contrast imaging instrument (HiCIAO) or an optical integral field spectrograph (Kyoto-3DII). Adaptive optics development in support of exoplanet observations has been and continues to be very active. The Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme-AO (SCExAO) system, which combines extreme-AO correction with advanced coronagraphy, is in the commissioning phase, and will greatly increase Subaru Telescope’s ability to image and study exoplanets. SCExAO currently feeds light to HiCIAO, and will soon be combined with the CHARIS integral field spectrograph and the fast frame MKIDs exoplanet camera, which have both been specifically designed for high contrast imaging. SCExAO also feeds two visible-light single pupil interferometers: VAMPIRES and FIRST. In parallel to these direct imaging activities, a near-IR high precision spectrograph (IRD) is under development for observing exoplanets with the radial velocity technique. Wide-field adaptive optics techniques are also being pursued. The RAVEN multi-object adaptive optics instrument was installed on Subaru telescope in early 2014. Subaru Telescope is also planning wide field imaging with ground-layer AO with the ULTIMATE-Subaru project.

We describe a data providing system for Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) of Subaru Telescope. The data providing system provides HSC data including images and catalogs of celestial objects derived from them to individual co-investigators of the Subaru Strategic Survey Program with HSC through a website. Users can select the data that they need by using its graphical user interface or writing a query in SQL and download the selected images or the catalogs.

The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) of the Subaru Measurement of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe) project for Subaru telescope consists in four identical spectrographs feed by 600 fibers each. Each spectrograph is composed by an optical entrance unit that creates a collimated beam and distributes the light to three channels, two visible and one near infrared. We present here the integration process of the first spectrograph channel. The verification requirements, the specific integration requirements and the product tree are the main drivers from the top plan for the Assembly Integration and Test (AIT) development process. We then present the AIT flow-down, the details for the AIT processes as well as opto-mechanical alignment procedures and tests setup. In parallel, we are developing and validating dedicated tools to secure and facilitate the AIT activities, as we have to assemble eight visible cameras, integrate and align four fiber slits, integrate and align the components of four spectrographs.

The Simultaneous-color Wide-field Infrared Multi-object Spectrograph, SWIMS, is a first-generation near-infrared instrument for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO) 6.5m Telescope now being constructed in northern Chile. To utilize the advantage of the site that almost continuous atmospheric window appears from 0.9 to 2.5 μm, the instrument is capable of simultaneous two-color imaging with a field-of-view of 9.′6 in diameter or λ/uλ 1000 multi-object spectroscopy at 0.9–2.5 μm in a single exposure. The instrument has been trans- ported in 2017 to the Subaru Telescope as a PI-type instrument for carrying out commissioning observations before starting science operation on the 6.5m telescope. In this paper, we report the latest updates on the instrument and present preliminary results from the on-sky performance verification observations.

VAMPIRES is a high-angular resolution imager developed to directly image planet-forming circumstellar disks, and the signatures of forming planets that lie within. The instrument leverages aperture masking interferometry - providing diffraction-limited imaging despite seeing - in combination with fast-switching differential polarimetry to directly image structure in the inner-most regions of protoplanetary systems. VAMPIRES will use starlight scattered by dust in such systems to precisely map the disk, gaps, knots and waves that are key to understanding disk evolution and planet formation. It also promises to image the dusty circumstellar environments of AGB stars. This instrument perfectly compliments coronagraphic observations in the near-IR, and can operate simultaneously with a coronagraph, as part of the SCExAO extreme-AO system at the Subaru telescope. In this paper the design of the instrument will be presented, along with an explanation of the unique data analysis process and the results of the first on-sky tests.

We report the non-uniformity of quantum efficiency (QE) and concentric ring patterns on the images of the CCDs used in Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) mounted on Subaru Telescope. The non-uniformity of QE is seen as gradient patterns along the direction of the vertical resistor especially in images obtained with the g, r, and i-band filters. This is explained by non-uniformity of QE on the CCDs caused by non-uniformity of thickness of the anti-reflective coating. We confirmed this phenomena by using laboratory QE data; with the g-band filter, QE increases 1.5 % from the horizontal resistor side to vertical resistor while it decreases with the i-band filter. The concentric ring pattern is seen on uniformly illuminated images. This is caused by inhomogeneous of impurity in high resistivity silicon wafer. The fluctuation is ±0.3 % of the signal levels with the g, r, i, z, and Y-band filters.

Steady progress in AO-based instrumentation and high-contrast algorithms have led to rapid improvements in sensitivity and accuracy when characterizing circumstellar environments through direct imaging at near-infrared wavelengths. Here we will discuss some recent results from high-contrast imaging studies of exoplanets and disks, with a particular emphasis of results achieved within the context of the SEEDS survey. SEEDS uses the AOsupported HiCIAO camera on the Subaru telescope for achieving high contrast around typically young, nearby, and Sun-like stars. The survey has produced novel results in detection and characterization of both planet and disks in several different stages of evolution, some of which will be summarized here. Finally, we will discuss some future prospects for the SEEDS survey and beyond.

Raven is a Multi-Object Adaptive Optics (MOAO) technical and science demonstrator which had its first light at the Subaru telescope on May 13-14, 2014. Raven was built and tested at the University of Victoria AO Lab before shipping to Hawai`i. Raven includes three open loop wavefront sensors (WFSs), a central laser guide star WFS, and two independent science channels feeding light to the Subaru IRCS spectrograph. Raven supports different kinds of AO correction: SCAO, open-loop GLAO and MOAO. The MOAO mode can use different tomographic reconstructors, such as Learn-and-Apply or a model-based reconstructor. This paper presents the latest results obtained in the lab, which are consistent with simulated performance, as well as preliminary on-sky results, including echelle spectra from IRCS. Ensquared energy obtained on sky in 140mas slit is 17%, 30% and 41% for GLAO, MOAO and SCAO respectively. This result confirms that MOAO can provide a level of correction in between GLAO and SCAO, in any direction of the field of regard, regardless of the science target brightness.

The project, "ULTIMATE- SUBARU", stands for "Ultra-wide Laser Tomographic Imager and MOS with AO for Transcendent Exploration at SUBARU Telescope." ULTIMATE-SUBARU provides a wide-field near infrared instrument at Cassegrain focus with GLAO. Performance simulation of GLAO at Subaru Telescope indicates that uniform PSFs can be obtained across the field of view up to 20 arcmin in diameter. This paper describes a current status of ULTIMATE-SUBARU project, science objectives, performance simulation update, system overview, feasibility of adaptive secondary mirror, and laser system.

Princeton University is building the Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS), an integral field spectrograph (IFS) for the Subaru telescope. CHARIS is funded by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and is designed to take high contrast spectra of brown dwarfs and hot Jovian planets in the coronagraphic image provided by the Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) and the AO188 adaptive optics systems. The project is now in the build and test phase at Princeton University. Once laboratory testing has been completed CHARIS will be integrated with SCExAO and AO188 in the winter of 2016. CHARIS has a high-resolution characterization mode in J, H, and K bands. The average spectral resolution in J, H, and K bands are R82, R68, and R82 respectively, the uniformity of which is a direct result of a new high index material, L-BBH2. CHARIS also has a second low-resolution imaging mode that spans J,H, and K bands with an average spectral resolution of R19, a feature unique to this instrument. The field of view in both imaging modes is 2.07x2.07 arcseconds. SCExAO+CHARIS will detect objects five orders of magnitude dimmer than their parent star down to an 80 milliarcsecond inner working angle. The primary challenge with exoplanet imaging is the presence of quasi-static speckles in the coronagraphic image. SCExAO has a wavefront control system to suppress these speckles and CHARIS will address their impact on spectral crosstalk through hardware design, which drives its optical and mechanical design. CHARIS constrains crosstalk to be below 1% for an adjacent source that is a full order of magnitude brighter than the neighboring spectra. Since CHARIS is on the Nasmyth platform, the optical alignment between the lenslet array and prism is highly stable. This improves the stability of the spectra and their orientation on the detector and results in greater stability in the wavelength solution for the data pipeline. This means less uncertainty in the post-processing and less overhead for on-sky calibration procedures required by the data pipeline. Here we present the science case, design, and construction status of CHARIS. The design and lessons learned from testing CHARIS highlights the choices that must be considered to design an IFS for high signal-to-noise spectra in a coronagraphic image. The design considerations and lessons learned are directly applicable to future exoplanet instrumentation for extremely large telescopes and space observatories capable of detecting rocky planets in the habitable zone.

We report the current status of the Infrared Doppler (IRD) instrument for the Subaru telescope, which aims at detecting Earth-like planets around nearby M darwfs via the radial velocity (RV) measurements. IRD is a fiber-fed, near infrared spectrometer which enables us to obtain high-resolution spectrum (R~70000) from 0.97 to 1.75 μm. We have been developing new technologies to achieve 1m/s RV measurement precision, including an original laser frequency comb as an extremely stable wavelength standard in the near infrared. To achieve ultimate thermal stability, very low thermal expansion ceramic is used for most of the optical components including the optical bench.

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is a next generation wide field optical imaging camera built for 8.2 m Subaru telescope. The field of view is 1.5 degree in diameter and the nearly 50 cm image circle was paved by 116 fully depleted CCDs (2k x 4k 15 micron square pixels). To realize a seeing limit imaging at Mauna Kea, the specification on the overall instrument PSF is set as 0.32 arc-second (FWHM). This is crucial for our primary scientific objectives: weak gravitational weak lensing survey to probe dark matter distribution. We started building the camera in 2006, had a first light in 2012 and now in the final phase of the commissioning. The delivered image quality is mostly seeing limit as designed and we once observed the seeing size of 0.43 arc-second (median value over the field of view) in Y-band with 300 seconds exposure. Our 300 nights observing proposal has been already accepted. The program starts in March 2014 and continues over 5 years.

ERIS is an image simulator for CHARIS, the high-contrast exoplanet integral field spectrograph (IFS) being built at Princeton University for the Subaru telescope. We present here the software design and implementation of the ERIS code. ERIS simulates CHARIS FITS images and data cubes that are used for developing the data reduction pipeline and verifying the expected CHARIS performance. Components of the software include detailed models of the light source (such as a star or exoplanet), atmosphere, telescope, adaptive optics systems (AO188 and SCExAO), CHARIS IFS and the Hawaii2-RG infrared detector. Code includes novel details such as the phase errors at the lenslet array, optical wavefront error maps and pinholes for reducing crosstalk, just to list a few. The details of the code as well as several simulated images are presented in this paper. This IFS simulator is critical for the CHARIS data analysis pipeline development, minimizing troubleshooting in the lab and on-sky and the characterization of crosstalk.

The SuMIRe Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS), developed for the 8-m class SUBARU telescope, will consist of four identical spectrographs, each receiving 600 fibers from a 2394 fiber robotic positioner at the telescope prime focus. Each spectrograph includes three spectral channels to cover the wavelength range 0.38-1.26 um with a resolving power ranging between 2000 and 4000. A medium resolution mode is also implemented to reach a resolving power of 5000 at 0.8 um. Each spectrograph is made of 4 optical units: the entrance unit which produces three corrected collimated beams and three camera units (one per spectral channel). The beam is split by using two large dichroics; and in each arm, the light is dispersed by large VPH gratings. The proposed optical design was optimized to achieve the requested image quality while simplifying the manufacturing of the whole optical system. The camera design consists in an innovative Schmidt camera observing a large field-of-view (10 degrees) with a very fast beam. To achieve such a performance, the classical spherical mirror is replaced by a catadioptric mirror (i.e meniscus lens with a reflective surface on the rear side of the glass, like a Mangin mirror). This article focuses on the optical architecture of the PFS spectrograph and the perfornance achieved. We will first described the global optical design of the spectrograph. Then, we will focus on the Mangin-Schmidt camera design. The analysis of the optical performance and the results obtained are presented in the last section., Comment: 8 pages - submitted at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes - Instrumentation 2014 - Montreal

Princeton University is building an integral field spectrograph (IFS), the Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS), for integration with the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) system and the AO188 adaptive optics system on the Subaru telescope. CHARIS and SCExAO will measure spectra of hot, young Jovian planets in a coronagraphic image across J, H, and K bands down to an 80 milliarcsecond inner working angle. SCExAO’s coronagraphs and wavefront control system will make it possible to detect companions five orders of magnitude dimmer than their parent star. However, quasi-static speckles in the image contaminate the signal from the planet. In an IFS this also causes uncertainty in the spectra due to diffractive cross-contamination, commonly referred to as crosstalk. Post-processing techniques can subtract these speckles, but they can potentially skew spectral measurements, become less effective at small angular separation, and at best can only reduce the crosstalk down to the photon noise limit of the contaminating signal. CHARIS will address crosstalk effects of a high contrast image through hardware design, which drives the optical and mechanical design of the assembly. The work presented here sheds light on the optical and mechanical considerations taken in designing the IFS to provide high signal-to-noise spectra in a coronagraphic image from and extreme adaptive optics image. The design considerations and lessons learned are directly applicable to future exoplanet instrumentation for extremely large telescopes and space observatories capable of detecting rocky planets in the habitable zone.

The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a wide field multi-fiber spectrograph using the prime focus of the Subaru telescope, which is capable of observing up to 2400 astronomical objects simultaneously. The instrument control software will manage the observation procedure communicateing with subsystems such as the fiber positioner "COBRA", the metrology camera system, and the spectrograph and camera systems. Before an exposure starts, the instrument control system needs to access to a database where target lists provided by observers are stored in advance, and accurately position fibers onto astronomical targets as requested therein. This fiber positioning will be carried out interacting with the metrology system which measures the fiber positions. In parallel, the control system can issue a command to point the telescope to the target position and to rotate the instrument rotator. Finally the telescope pointing and the rotator angle will be checked by imaging bright stars and checking their positions on the auto-guide and acquisition cameras. After the exposure finishes, the data are collected from the detector systems and are finalized as FITS files to archive with necessary information. The observation preparation software is required, given target lists and a sequence of observation, to find optimal fiber allocations with maximizing the number of guide stars. To carry out these operations efficiently, the control system will be integrated seamlessly with a database system which will store information necessary for observation execution such as fiber configurations. In this article, the conceptual system design of the observation preparation software and the instrument control software will be presented., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; Proc. SPIE 8451 (2012)

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is an 870 Mega pixel prime focus camera for the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. The wide field corrector delivers sharp image of 0.25 arc-sec FWHM in r-band over the entire 1.5 degree (in diameter) field of view. The collimation of the camera with respect to the optical axis of the primary mirror is realized by hexapod actuators whose mechanical accuracy is few microns. As a result, we expect to have seeing limited image most of the time. Expected median seeing is 0.67 arc-sec FWHM in i-band. The sensor is a p-ch fully depleted CCD of 200 micron thickness (2048 x 4096 15 μm square pixel) and we employ 116 of them to pave the 50 cm focal plane. Minimum interval between exposures is roughly 30 seconds including reading out arrays, transferring data to the control computer and saving them to the hard drive. HSC uniquely features the combination of large primary mirror, wide field of view, sharp image and high sensitivity especially in red. This enables accurate shape measurement of faint galaxies which is critical for planned weak lensing survey to probe the nature of dark energy. The system is being assembled now and will see the first light in August 2012.

The SCExAO instrument at the Subaru telescope, mainly based on a PIAA coronagraph can benefit from the addition of a robust and simple shaped pupil coronagraph. New shaped pupils, fully optimized in 2 dimensions, make it possible to design optimal apodizers for arbitrarily complex apertures, for instance on-axis telescopes such as the Subaru telescope. We have designed several masks with inner working angles as small as 2.5 λ / D, and for high-contrast regions with different shapes. Using Princeton University nanofabrication facilities, we have manufactured two masks by photolithography. These masks have been tested in the laboratory, both in Princeton and in the facilities of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) in Hilo. The goal of this work is to prepare tests on the sky of a shaped pupil coronagraph in 2012.

We have developed a filter exchange unit (FEU) and a shutter of Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC). FEU consists of two parts; the alignment mechanism of the filter in the optical path and a jukebox of the filters. The alignment mechanism can guarantee 10 μm position stability with respect to the focal plane CCDs. On the exchange sequence, a motorized cart grabs and pushes the filter from the jukebox. Each jukebox has 3 slots and we have two identical jukeboxes. The operation is fully automated and the entire exchange sequence takes 16 minutes. Also, we developed the focal-plane shutter with 1,030 mm diameter envelope and 60 mm thickness while having 600 mm aperture. We report the detail of design and implementation of the shutter and FEU, and installation procedure of FEU.

IRD is the near-infrared high-precision radial velocity instrument for the Subaru 8.2-m telescope. It is a relatively compact (~1m size) spectrometer with a new echelle-grating and Volume-Phase Holographic gratings covering 1-2 micron wavelengths combined with an original frequency comb using optical pulse synthesizer. The spectrometer will employ a 4096x4096-pixel HgCdTe array under testing at IfA, University of Hawaii. Both the telescope/Adaptive Optics and comb beams are fed to the spectrometer via optical fibers, while the instrument is placed at the Nasmyth platform of the Subaru telescope. Expected accuracy of the Doppler-shifted velocity measurements is about 1 m s-1. Helped with the large collecting area and high image quality of the Subaru telescope, IRD can conduct systematic radial velocity surveys of nearby middle-to-late M stars aiming for down to one Earth-mass planet. Systematic observational and theoretical studies of M stars and their planets for the IRD science are also ongoing. We will report the design and preliminary development progresses of the whole and each component of IRD.

SWIMS (Simultaneous-color Wide-field Infrared Multi-object Spectrograph) is one of the first-generation instruments for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO; P.I.: Yuzuru Yoshii) 6.5-m telescope which is planned to be constructed at the world's highest site, the summit of Cerro Chajnantor (an altitude of 5,640 m or 18,500 ft) in northern Chile. By placing a dichroic mirror into the collimated beam, SWIMS is capable of wide-field (φ 9'.6 with 0".126 pixel-1) two-color simultaneous imaging as well as multi-object spectroscopy (MOS) using cooled multi-slit masks covering the entire near-infrared spectra between 0.9 and 2.5 μm in a single exposure with low-to-medium spectral resolutions. Up to 20 user-defined slit masks as well as long slit masks are available. The field of view is covered with four 2048 x 2048 pixel HgCdTe focal plane arrays (HAWAII-2RG). Tests of the MOS slit mask exchanger motions have been completed successfully without any trouble under cryogenic environment. Further MOS tests will be performed at various tilt and rotation angles of the instrument using a telescope simulator. Also, a conceptual study of a compact and cryogenic wide-field integral field spectroscopy unit handled by the slit mask exchanger is now being carried out. The part of the current designs is optimized for installation on the Subaru Telescope for performance verification and early scientific observations prior to the construction of the TAO 6.5-m telescope. In this paper, we present the design and development status of the instrument.

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is a next generation wide field optical camera developed for F/2 prime focus of the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. The focal plane is about 600 mm in diameter where 116 CCDs (2k4k 15 micron square each) are arranged and cooled down to -100°C. The HSC CCD cryostat system design is presented by Komiyama et al. (2010). Since then, we made detail designs of the components, manufactured them and assembled the dewar. This paper presents the actual performance of the system including flatness and parallelism of the SiC cold plate, stability of its temperature, the amount of out-gassing.

The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) of the Subaru Measurement of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe) project has been endorsed by Japanese community as one of the main future instruments of the Subaru 8.2-meter telescope at Mauna Kea, Hawaii. This optical/near-infrared multi-fiber spectrograph targets cosmology with galaxy surveys, Galactic archaeology, and studies of galaxy/AGN evolution. Taking advantage of Subaru's wide field of view, which is further extended with the recently completed Wide Field Corrector, PFS will enable us to carry out multi-fiber spectroscopy of 2400 targets within 1.3 degree diameter. A microlens is attached at each fiber entrance for F-ratio transformation into a larger one so that difficulties of spectrograph design are eased. Fibers are accurately placed onto target positions by positioners, each of which consists of two stages of piezo-electric rotary motors, through iterations by using back-illuminated fiber position measurements with a wide-field metrology camera. Fibers then carry light to a set of four identical fast-Schmidt spectrographs with three color arms each: the wavelength ranges from 0.38 {\mu}m to 1.3 {\mu}m will be simultaneously observed with an average resolving power of 3000. Before and during the era of extremely large telescopes, PFS will provide the unique capability of obtaining spectra of 2400 cosmological/astrophysical targets simultaneously with an 8-10 meter class telescope. The PFS collaboration, led by IPMU, consists of USP/LNA in Brazil, Caltech/JPL, Princeton, & JHU in USA, LAM in France, ASIAA in Taiwan, and NAOJ/Subaru., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, submitted to "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV, Ian S. McLean, Suzanne K. Ramsay, Hideki Takami, Editors, Proc. SPIE 8446 (2012)"

We report recent development in real-time control system of 188-element Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics for Subaru Telescope (Subaru LGSAO-188). The current status is reported, and plans for improvements to enhance the performance are reported as well. A major item is to invoke the optimum gain control, which is being implemented on the data handling system and to be attached to the real time control system. We also explain about other new features on the control system including general response acquisition system as an expansion of response matrix acquisition system. © (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

The Subaru adaptive optics system (AO188) is a 188-element curvature sensor adaptive optics system that is operated in both natural and laser guide star modes. AO188 is installed at Nasmyth platform of the 8m Subaru telescope as a facility AO system. The laser guide star mode for AO188 has been commissioned and offered for use in science operation since 2011. The performance of AO188 in the laser guide star mode has been well verified from on-sky data obtained with the infrared camera and spectrograph (IRCS). In this paper, we describe the operation procedure and observing efficiency for the laser guide star mode. We also show the result of the on-sky performance evaluation of AO188 in the laser guide star mode and the characterization of the laser guide star, together with the obtained science results.

We are developing an integral field unit (IFU) with an image slicer for the existing optical imaging spectrograph, Faint Object Camera And Spectrograph (FOCAS), on the Subaru Telescope. Basic optical design has already finished. The slice width is 0.4 arcsec, slice number is 24, and field of view is 13.5x 9.6 arcsec. Sky spectra separated by about 3 arcmin from an object field can be simultaneously obtained, which allows us precise background subtraction. The IFU will be installed as a mask plate and set by the mask exchanger mechanism of FOCAS. Slice mirrors, pupil mirrors and slit mirrors are all made of glass, and their mirror surfaces are fabricated by polishing. Multilayer dielectric reflective coating with high reflectivity (< 98%) is made on each mirror surface. Slicer IFU consists of many mirrors which need to be arraigned with high accuracy. For such alignment, we will make alignment jigs and mirror holders made with high accuracy. Some pupil mirrors need off-axis ellipsoidal surfaces to reduce aberration. We are conducting some prototyping works including slice mirrors, an off-axis ellipsoidal surface, alignment jigs and a mirror support. In this paper, we will introduce our project and show those prototyping works.

A wide-field adaptive optics system based on an adaptive secondary mirror (ASM) is one of a future plan for the next-generation Subaru adaptive optics system. The main application of ASM based AO will be a groundlayer adaptive optics (GLAO) with field-of-view larger than 10 arc minutes. The high Strehl-ratio of on-source correction by high-order ASM (expected to be about 1000) and the reduction of emissivity are also attractive points. In this paper, we report a preliminary result of simulations for the these applications of ASM to study conceptual design of the next-generation wide-field Subaru adaptive optics.

In 2009 our group started the integration of the SCExAO project, a highly exi ble, open platform for highcontrast imaging at the highest angular resolution, inserted between the coronagr aphic imaging camera HiCIAOand the 188-actuator AO system of Subaru. In its rst version, SCExAO combines a ME MS-based wavefrontcontrol system feeding a high performance PIAA-based coronagraph. This paper present s some of the imagesobtained during the rst engineering observations conducted with SCExAO in 2011: di ract ion limited imagingin the visible as well as PIAA coronagraphy in the near infrared; along with t he wavefront control strategies tobe tested on sky during the next round of SCExAO observations, scheduled in the Fall 2 012. 1. INTRODUCTION The last ten years of extrasolar planet research have been dominated by indirect detect ions techniques of radialvelocity (RV) and photometric transit. The observational bias of these techniq ues initially led to the discoveryof a large population of short period planets, exhibiting surprisingly divers e dynamics. Only as the time baselineincreases, do RV and transits become more and more sensitive to long period pla nets of wide orbital separation.

In 2009 our group started the integration of the SCExAO project, a highly flexible, open platform for high contrast imaging at the highest angular resolution, inserted between the coronagraphic imaging camera HiCIAO and the 188-actuator AO system of Subaru. In its first version, SCExAO combines a MEMS-based wavefront control system feeding a high performance PIAA-based coronagraph. It also includes a coronagraphic low-order wavefront sensor, a non-redundant aperture mask and a visible imaging mode, all of them designed to take full advantage of the angular resolution that an 8-meter telescope has to offer. SCExAO is currently undergoing commissioning, and this paper presents the first on-sky results acquired in August 2011, using together Subaru's AO system, SCExAO and HiCIAO.

Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is the next generation wide-field imager for the prime focus of Subaru Telescope, which is scheduled to receive its first light in 2011. Combined with a newly built wide-field corrector, HSC covers 1.5 degree diameter field of view with 116 fully-depleted CCDs. In this presentation, we summarize the details of the camera design: the wide-field corrector, the prime focus unit, the CCD dewar and the peripheral devices. The wide-field corrector consists of 5 lenses with lateral shift type doublet ADC element. The novel design guarantees the excellent image quality (D80

We describe the design and current status of a near-infrared multi-object spectrograph for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO) project, which is to construct a 6.5m infrared telescope on the summit of Co. Chajnantor (altitude of 5,460m) in the northern Chile. The instrument, named SWIMS (Simultaneous-color Wide-field Infrared Multi-object Spectrograph), covers a wavelength range from 0.9 to 2.5 μm with a field of view of 9.6 in diameter using 4096 × 4096 pixels with a pixel scale of 0.13 pixel-1. It has two observation modes: a wide-field imager and a multi-object spectrograph (MOS). The MOS mode adopts cooled multi-slit masks with 30 slits at a maximum, and achieves a spectral resolution of λ/uλ~ 1000. Up to 20 masks can be installed in a mask storage dewar. In both modes, two wavelength ranges of 0.9-1.4 μm and 1.4-2.5 μm are observed simultaneously with a dichroic mirror placed in the collimated beam. This will provide us data covering the wide spectral range under same conditions such as weather, telescope pointing, and so on. Such data are important not only for redshift surveys of distant galaxies but also for rapidly time-variable events such as gamma-ray bursts. As SWIMS is expected to be completed before the construction of the 6.5m telescope, we plan to carry out performance verification and early scientific observations on the Subaru Telescope at Hawaii.

Developing new instruments and upgrading existing instruments has been an important aspect of Subaru telescope's operation. Seven facility instruments and two visiting instruments are currently under use. Among them HiCIAO, a coronagraphic imager combined with adaptive optics (AO188), has started its full operation in the 2nd semester of 2009. We are using HiCIAO for a large program (SEEDS) to find new exo-planets and comprehend planet formation from proto-planetary disks. To achieve higher contrast, a new coronagraph attachment with an extreme AO (SCExAO) will be installed as a PI instrument. AO188 is also used with the IRCS in natural guide star mode. Its laser guide star mode is currently commissioning. The Fibre multi-object spectrograph (FMOS), which is comprised of 400 fibers placed at the prime focus and delivers 0.9-1.8um spectra, will be partly offered to open use from mid 2010. Hyper Suprime-Cam, the wide-field upgrade (1.5 deg FoV) of the Suprime-Cam, is under development for its first light in 2011. Development of an immersion grating has taken place for upgrading the IRCS with a high-resolution infrared spectrograph.

The Subaru laser guide star adaptive optics system (AO188) was installed at the Nasmyth focus of the Subaru Telescope on October 2006 and it is in operation with the natural guide star (NGS) mode. The operation of the laser guide star (LGS) mode started on January 2010. A visible low-order wavefront sensor (LOWFS) was built to measure tip-tilt and defocus terms of wavefront by using a single NGS within a 2.7 arcmin diameter field when an LGS is used for high-order wavefront sensing with the 188-element curvature based wavefront sensor. This LOWFS is a 2 × 2 sub-aperture Shack-Hartmann sensor with 16 photon-counting avalanche photodiode (APD) modules. A 4×4-element lenslet array is located after the 2 × 2 sub-aperture Shack-Hartmann lenslet array and it is coupled with the APD modules through optical fibers. The field of view of the LOWFS is 4 arcsec in diameter. It has own guide star acquisition unit, acquisition and pupil cameras, and atmospheric dispersion corrector. We describe the design, construction, and integration of this low-order wavefront sensor.

An eight-octant phase-mask (EOPM) coronagraph is one of the highest performance coronagraphic concepts, and attains simultaneously high throughput, small inner working angle, and large discovery space. However, its application to ground-based telescopes such as the Subaru Telescope is challenging due to pupil geometry (thick spider vanes and large central obstruction) and residual tip-tilt errors. We show that the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) system, scheduled to be installed onto the Subaru Telescope, includes key technologies which can solve these problems. SCExAO uses a spider removal plate which translates four parts of the pupil with tilted plane parallel plates. The pupil central obstruction can be removed by a pupil remapping system similar to the PIAA optics already in the SCExAO system, which could be redesigned with no amplitude apodization. The EOPM is inserted in the focal plane to divide a stellar image into eight-octant regions, and introduces a π-phase difference between adjacent octants. This causes a self-destructive interference inside the pupil area on a following reimaged pupil plane. By using a reflective mask instead of a conventional opaque Lyot stop, the stellar light diffracted outside the pupil can be used for a coronagraphic low-order wave-front sensor to accurately measure and correct tip-tilt errors. A modified inverse-PIAA system, located behind the reimaged pupil plane, is used to remove off-axis aberrations and deliver a wide field of view. We show that this EOPM coronagraph architecture enables high contrast imaging at small working angle on the Subaru Telescope. Our approach could be generalized to other phase-mask type coronagraphs and other ground-based telescopes.