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[Objective] The Unigene produced by leaf transcriptome of Nymphaea colorata and N.micrantha and the whole genome sequence of N.colorata were analyzed according to SSR loci characteristics. It provided basic data for the germplasm resource identification, genetic diversity analysis and genetic linkage map construction of water lily plants.[Method] Based on the leaf transcriptome data of N.colorata and N.micrantha which were acquired previously in the laboratory and the published genome of N.colorata,MISA software was used to search SSR loci and analyze the frequency, length and primitive types of SSR.[Result] 38 998 SSR loci were found among the 114 762 Unigenes sequences obtained from the transcriptome of N.colorata and N.micrantha.The SSR site frequency was 33.98%.Among them, 30 124 SSR loci belong to complete types. The total length of the SSR motif sequence was 465 550 bp, and had a total average of 21.65 bp.249 029 SSR sites were searched in the N.colorata genome, with an average distribution frequency of 609.0/Mb, including 163 265 intact SSR sites; the total length of SSR motif sequence was 2 775 181 bp, and 27.25 bp, accounted for 0.68% of N.colorata genome size. In the transcriptome and genome, the SSR loci were mainly dinucleotide and single nucleotide repeats, which respectively accounted for 48.87%,41.03% and 51.70%,43.37% of the total SSR. Among dinucleotide repeat motifs, AG/TC and AT/TA types were higher and both much higher than other types of repeat motifs. The number of repetitions of each type in the SSR primitive was mainly 5 to 11 times, of which 10 times were the most. Twelve pairs of SSR primers with good amplification and high polymorphism were selected based on fluorescence capillary electrophoresis from synthetic 144 pairs of SSR primers.[Conclusion] Low-level primitive types are abundant in the SSR of N.colorata and N.micrantha transcriptome and genome, which has great potential for developing and screening SSR primers with high polymorphism. The selected 12 pairs with good amplifications and high polymorphism of SSR primers can be used to study the identification of germplasm resources, genetic diversity analysis and genetic construction of plant chain map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To study the effects of soil amendments and grafting cultivation on the soil properties of the solar greenhouse and tomato yield and quality, and to provide a reference for soil and vegetables. [Method] Experiment to set up soil amendments (no application of (Fl), biochar (F2)), Desulfurized gypsum (F3)) and cultivation mode (self-root seedling cultivation (S1), grafted seedling cultivation (S2)) 2 factors, random block design, a total of 6 treatments, respectively F1S1 (CK), F1F2, F2S1 F2S2, F3S1, F3S2. [Result] Compared with CK, the tomato plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll and leaf area of ​​each treatment were significantly increased, and the increase of F2S2 treatment was the largest; F2S2 treatment can significantly reduce soil EC and increase pH. F1S2, F2S1, F3S1, and F3S2 can significantly increase soil EC and lower pH; the membership function method is used to evaluate soil nutrients and quality, and finally it is concluded that F2S2 treatment has the fastest increase in soil nutrients, and F3S2 treatment has the best nutritional quality; photosynthesis of each treatment The effect and yield have been improved, and the photosynthesis and yield increase in F2S2 treatment is the largest. [Conclusion] The application of biochar (10 t/hm2) per 667 m2 of soil and the treatment of grafting cultivation (F2S2) have the best effect and can be effective Improve soil fertility, promote plant photosynthesis, and increase fruit yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper aimed to explore the physiological and biochemical response of Nymphaea minuta to low light environment, and to provide theoretical basis for seedling breeding and potted flower production management of micro-tropical water lily represented by N.minuta. 【Method】 A completely random experimental design was conducted. The shading treatments were set to 0(total illumination control, CK), 30% (light shading), 50% (medium shading), 70% (heavy shading) respectively by constructing shading nets with different layers. The number of leaves, leaf dry weight, leaf area and other growth indicators were measured by shading treatment for 120 days. The content and composition of photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar, soluble protein and starch contents were measured by shading treatment for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days respectively. The effects of different shading conditions on leaf growth, photosynthetic pigment content and primary metabolites content of N.minuta were analyzed. 【Result】 During the shading period of 30-120 days, there were no significant differences between the average leaf area, photosynthetic pigment content, and soluble protein content of N.minuta treated with shading rate of 30%, 50% and CK (P＞0.05). After shading treatment for 120 days, the leaf number, average leaf dry weight, specific leaf weight, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and starch content of N.minuta decreased with increasing shading rate, while total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, chlorophyll a/b content and carotenoid content all increased with increasing shading rate. Comparing with CK, the shading rate of 70% at 120 days treatments, the leaf number, average leaf dry weight and specific leaf weight of N.minuta were significantly decreased by 52.9%, 81.3% and 57.8%, respectively (P＜0.05, the same as below), total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content were significantly increased by 108.7%, 81.6%, 237.5% and 88.2% respectively, chlorophyll a/b content was significantly decreased by 39.1%, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and starch content were significantly decreased by 43.4%, 56.2% and 53.2% respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed that the leaf number and average leaf dry weight were extremely positively correlated with soluble protein content (P＜0.01, the same as below), and the average leaf dry weight was negatively correlated with total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content. 【Conclusion】 N.minuta grew well in light and medium shading environments with shading rates of 30% and 50%, showing good light adaptive response and regulation ability. These two shading methods can be used for reference in the breeding of micro-tropical waterlily seedlings and potted flower production management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The 30 phenotypic traits of 49 introduced waterlily resources at home and abroad were analyzed in order to provide a reference for the development and utilization of waterlily resources. [Method] The cluster analysis of 49 waterlily resources from different sources was carried out and based on the principal component analysis of phenotypic traits, a comprehensive evaluation was carried. [Result] The results showed that there were abundant variations in phenotypic traiLs of 49 introduced waterlily resources. The genetic diversity index of 16 quantitative traiLs ranged from 1.1859 to 1.9943. The genetic diversity index of flower diameter (1.9943 ), sepal width (1.9715 ), pedicel length (1.9714) was higher, and petal number (1.1859) was the lowest. Among the 14 quality traits, flower color (1.9750) ,flower fragrance (1.0907 ), leaf spot number (1.0324 ) had higher genetic diversity index, while leaf type (0.4101 ) had the lowest genetic diversity index. In terms of coefficient of variation, the range of 16 quantitative traits was 15.67% -89.52% . The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation(P <0.01 ) between flower diameter (DF) and petal length (I.P), flower diameter (DF) and sepal length (LS), petal length (LP) and sepal length (LS), leaf length (LL) and leaf width (WL), leaf length (LL) and leaf fissure depth (DD), leaf width (WL) and leaf fissure depth (DD), and the correlation coefficients were 0.936,0.976, 0.959, 0.974, 0.959 and 0.944, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that 49 waterlily resources were divided into six groups. The first group were tropical medium-sized and laige waterlily cultivars. The second group were tropical full-valved wateiiily cultivars with petaled stamens. The third group were cold-tolerant medium-sized and large wateriily cultivars. The fourth group were tropical medium-sized and small waterlily cultivars. The fifth group were large tropical wateriily cultivars, while the sixth group were giant tropical wateriily (tropical Australian waterlily) cultivars. Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first seven principal components were greater than 1, and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.86%. [Conclusion] Among the 49 tested materials, Nymphaea * Hybrida’ had the highest comprehensive score, followed by Nymphaea 1 Eidorado’, and the Nymphaea stellate had the lowest comprehensive score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In regions near Dianohi, Erhai, Fuxian, Xingyun and Yangzong lakes, currently, use and application rales of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are empirical. Quantifying pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), texture (proportions of clay, silt and sand) can be useful to precise application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in soils. [Method] 249 soil samples adjacent to water body of lakes were randomly taken. CEC, pH, soil texture (proportions of clay, silt, sand) were determined, categorized and compared among regions near lakes. Pair-wise correlation and regression analyses were conducted between variables. [Result]Soil pH, CEC and texture surrounding lakes were significantly different. Clay proportion positively correlated with CEC. Sand and silt proportions negatively correlated with CEC. Clay proportion was the most weighted variable; regression equation with CEC explained more variance, R2 =0.54. [Conclusion] In soils with lower CEC, the application rates of chemical fertilizers and pesticides should be ‘less quantity, more often’; In soils with higher CEC, the application rates should be ‘more quantity, less often’. In comparison to soils close to the east of Erhai lake, soils close to the west contained more sand and silt proportions, predisposing chemical fertilizers and pesticides to leaching or surface runoff to the water body. Clay proportion was the most-weighted variable explaining more variance of soils and could be included in regression equation to estimate CEC more accurately compared with sand and silt proportions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivation and blooming were studied for 6 single flower cultivars and 12 double flower cultivars of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana introduced from Holland,and grey correlation analysis was carried out for main characters of cultivars. The experimental results are as follows: Kalanchoe blossfeldiana has a good cultural adaptability in Kunming,and survival rate of most cultivars can reach above 95 %. Days required from planting to blooming of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana: 155- 180 d for single flower cultivars,188- 210 d for double flower cultivars; Florescence of single flower cultivars is 68- 103 d, and double flower cultivars is 50- 98 d. According to grey correlation analysis, ‘Parina', ‘Rumina' in single flower cultivars and ‘Tate', ‘Ewbank', ‘Casablanca' in double flower cultivars have a good correlation with ideal reference cultivars, so these cultivars are recommended to be planted in Kunming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]