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[Objective] The present paper aimed to reveal the genetic diversity of blaslogenesis by phenotypic characters of walnut in Xinjiang, aiming to provide the basis for classification, determination and utilization of germplasm resources of walnut in Xinjiang. [Method] Based on the comprehensive survey on germplasm resources of walnut, phenotypic character indexes and data were collected. Simpson (D) and Shannon-Weaver indexes (H') were used to conduct diversity test on polymorphism of qualitative characters, and classify the sample test of walnut germplasm through hierarchical clustering according to phenotypic character. [Result] The five quantitative characters of walnut complied with normal distribution in K-S test. The range of variations in three-diameter mean value was from 19. 14 to 46.59 mm. Among the polymorphism indexes of phenotypic and qualitative characters in walnut, the base section and shoulder section containied high levels of I) and H'. Germplasm walnuts were classified into nine categories, which were related to phenotypic characters, such as sizes, shapes and shells, rather than geographical distribution. [Conclusion] Phenotypic character and diversity analysis make it possible to assess the diversity of walnut germplasm resources in Xinjiang. Besides, it also demonstrates the high level for the diversity and phenotypic characters of local walnut germplasm resources in Xinjiang, containing abundant genetic resources and tremendous potential of utilization and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]