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Objectives: General anesthesia is preferred in most otorhinolaryngologic surgeries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate upper airway complications secondary to intubation including sore throat, cough, dysphonia, and dysphagia considering endotracheal tube (ET) cuff pressure, tube diameter, and duration of intubation., Methods: After the assignment of 67 patients to the study and control groups, ET cuff pressure was adjusted to be between 20 and 30 cm H 2 O using a cuff pressure manometer in the study group. In the control group, the cuff pressure was decided by the anesthesiologist using the conventional palpation method. Sore throat, cough, dysphonia, and dysphagia were compared between the groups at 4, 8, and 24 h postoperatively., Results: Cuff pressure was significantly higher in the control group than in the study group. In the control group, sore throat was more frequently observed at 4, 8, and 24 h, whereas in the study group, cough and dysphonia were more often observed at 4 and 8 h. At 4 and 8 h, cough was found to be related to the duration of intubation., Conclusion: Arrangement of cuff pressure using a cuff manometer is suggested to decrease complications of the upper airway secondary to intubation because of the higher rate of these complaints in patients whose cuff pressure is arranged by the conventional palpation method., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: None declared., (Copyright: © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)

Objectives: For the treatment of the inferior turbinate hypertrophy that is unresponsive to medical treatment, turbinate surgery with radiofrequency is a widely used method. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of turbinate surgery with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of turbinate hypertrophy, and compare the results of patients with allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis., Methods: A total of 59 consecutive patients aged 18-67 years (mean 37±13) who underwent radiofrequency ablation to the inferior turbinate at our tertiary care hospital from September 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled in this prospective nonrandomized clinical study. The patients with allergic rhinitis (n=23) were classed as group 1, and the patients with non-allergic rhinitis (n=36) were classed as group 2. Endoscopic nasal examination and an acoustic rhinometer were applied, and a standard 0-10 visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess nasal symptoms preoperatively and postoperatively at the third and sixth months., Results: The study found a significant reduction in nasal obstruction for both groups postoperatively. This reduction was higher in group 1. The decrease in nasal VAS scores for itching, rhinorrhea, and sneezing were statistically significant in group 1, whereas the decrease in nasal VAS scores for sneezing was significant in group 2., Conclusion: This study demonstrates that radiofrequency appears to be an effective and safe treatment option for inferior turbinate hypertrophy of patients with allergic rhinitis or non-allergic rhinitis. It also provides a better perception of all nasal symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis, and a better perception of nasal obstruction and sneezing in patients with non-allergic rhinitis., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: There is no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)

Objectives: Chronic otitis media (COM) reveals a spectrum of otoscopic findings, and both ears may be affected to a different degree. The analysis of contralateral ear in patients with COM is important to detect the early signs of the disease. This may enable the follow-up and treatment of abnormalities in contralateral ear without delay. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the otoscopic and audiologic findings of contralateral ears of patients with COM., Methods: The institutional data of patients who underwent surgical treatment between 2014 and 2017 due to COM were reviewed. Suppurative ears with cholesteatoma, polyps, and otorrhea refractory to medical treatment and ears with dry middle ear mucosa, with otorrhea responsive to medical treatment, and without cholesteatoma were divided into two groups (Group 1 and Group 2, respectively). All patients were examined with regard to the presence of perforation, retraction, myringosclerosis, atrophy, and audiological results before the groups were compared., Results: Approximately 50% of contralateral ears of patients with COM showed abnormalities at an otoscopic examination in both groups. Tympanic membrane retraction in Group 1 was greater than in Group 2, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Both the mean air and bone conduction thresholds of the contralateral ears in Group 1 were also found to be elevated when compared with Group 2, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05)., Conclusion: COM may be seen bilaterally due to the same predisposing factors affecting the ears. Therefore, detection, follow-up, and early treatment of abnormalities of contralateral ear associated with otitis media have clinical importance in the prevention or delaying progression of these abnormalities to COM., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: None declared., (Copyright: © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)

Although extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma (ENA) is a rare condition, its diagnosis should be considered during differential diagnosis of nasal masses. We report a rare case of ENA originating from the left lateral side of nasal tip. A 43-year-old man with an ENA mass located on the left lateral side of the nasal tip presented to our hospital. The nasal mass caused nasal obstruction and swelling at the nasal tip and was surgically removed. Histopathological examination revealed ENA. The patient is being followed up and remains free of disease. ENAs are rare and differ from nasopharyngeal angiofibromas regarding clinical and radiological features. Although it is rare, the diagnosis should be considered during differential diagnosis of a patient with one sided nasal mass and/or with refractory epistaxis, regardless of the patient's age or sex., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: None declared., (Copyright: © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)

Objectives: It has been determined that cigarette is a risk factor for squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, esophagus, and larynx. We aimed to investigate the role of histopathological diagnosis of the lesion in smoker patients with vocal cord lesion on smoking cessation rates and to determine strategies to help them quit smoking., Methods: In this prospective clinical study, we included 182 (112 male, 70 female) smoker patients who underwent direct laryngoscopy and biopsy due to premalignant (dysplasia) or benign (polyp, leukoplasia, nodule) vocal cord lesions between July 2014 and December 2017 at our clinic. Smoking habits (ex-smoker, current smoker) of all smoker patients were questioned at least 6 months postoperatively, and postoperative smoking cessation rates were compared., Results: When the smoking cessation rates of the patients with benign and premalignant vocal cord lesions were evaluated, the smoking cessation rate of the patients with premalignant vocal cord lesions was 3.45 times higher than that of the patients with benign vocal cord lesions (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.76-6.74) (p<0.001). The postoperative application rate of the patients to smoking cessation outpatient clinics was low (6%). Male patients with premalignant lesions were more likely to quit smoking than female patients (p=0.001)., Conclusion: Patients with premalignant vocal cord lesions had higher smoking cessation rates. Premalignant vocal cord lesions require clinical follow-up and treatment because of the risk and potential for their transformation into in situ or invasive laryngeal carcinomas., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: None declared., (Copyright: © 2018 by The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital.)