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Pattern of sleep and wakefulness, the so-called circadian rhythm, is aligned with the natural rhythm of the external environment, based on the 24-hour biological pattern. Discrepancy towards natural biological rhythm results primarily in insomnia, fatigue and, above all, a visible deterioration in safety and performance of everyday daily and business tasks. The humanoid and correct sleep and wakefulness rhythm is conditioned by exposure to the solar cycle of 24 hours and normally ensures the peak of work activity during the day or sleep cycle during the night and is generated by endogenous neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus within the anterior hypothalamus. As the conducted research shows, shift work of medical staff is an example of a phase deviation from the normal biological rhythm in a human being and has been found to significantly affect occupational physiology, performance and safety of work activity, and to a significant extent it can also take on chronic health pathological features. Desynchronization in the rhythm of sleep and wakefulness in relation to the solar day results in periodic insomnia and daily fatigue at a time when the phase of wakefulness and maximum performance should be at its peak, which can cause not only reduced work performance, but can also result in extremely harmful, and considering the type of workplace, possible catastrophic outcomes in case of errors during work activities, conditioned by neurological dysfunctions of employees who perform their work in a shift mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining the anthropometric measures and biological characteristics of the human body using the conventional method is complex and time-consuming. The introduction of new computer methods (SABALab) allows fast and precise determining of all the important body values in order to adapt the dimensions and forms of elements in the operating ambient system of the road motor vehicle to the driver. The process of motor vehicle driving is performed with the necessary control of sight. While driving a motor vehicle, the necessary visual capabilities are expressed by recognizing the complex structures of actions, identification of diverse forms, colours, and the speed and precision of reactions based on the visual observation. The motor vehicle control is carried out in space and requires extremely good driver's sight capabilities, decisive for the coordination of movements, speed of reaction, and precision of performance. The driver's workplace is of a confined type with small layout area and a sitting position of the body which is suitable for ergonomic and biomechanical design. Static and dynamic anthropometric values refer to the kinematic capabilities of the driver and important arrangement of operating elements of the cockpit allowing the necessary degree of vision control and operating activities during the participation in the traffic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]