Search

With the needs of growing location-based service, a more high-performance satellite positioning technology - assisted global navigation satellite system (A-GNSS assisted-GNSS) becomes a new hotspot in area of navigation and positioning. Now, 3GPP has already provided supports for GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and QZSS, SBAS, so standardization work of introduction BDS into 3GPP organization is very imperative. In this paper, we first analysis the performance of GPS L1 C/A with assistant information, then by taking into account the difference between BDS and GPS, including the unique nature of GEO/NGEO satellites’ navigation message data length and format, we design the sensitivity requirements of BDS B1 following A-GPS. The results between A-GPS and A-BDS of typical sensitivity test cases are shown in this paper, which show that the suggested sensitivity requirements satisfy the minimum performance requirements under technical specification of 3GPP TS 36.171.

Considering the great effects the measurement system errors of sensors have on satellite autonomous navigation, we study the filter algorithm for the navigation system with constant system error in this paper to improve the navigation precision. this paper improves conventional CKF algorithm and proposes an adaptive CKF filters based on model compensation, the state and bias estimation is performed separately using the CKF filters, and then the state variables are updated using the estimated bias. Finally, we verify the feasibility of the improved algorithm by simulation experiment, the simulation results show that the algorithm can improve the navigation accuracy.

This paper first studies the structure effect law in order to design a reasonable option in theory for the Final Optics Assembly(FOA)’ harmonic converter module, involved in the design of the fluid theory, including the basic equations of fluid motion, the form of fluid motion and fluid movement in the small hole. Optimizing the structure need to be applied to the simulation software, which requires the Fluent simulation principle. Then, combined with theoretical knowledge to design the overall structure of the multiplier module, It will apply the simulation software to optimize structural parameters of the board and use control system to realize it for verifying the law obtained by simulation under various conditions whether consistent with the law in actual work of the sweeping system.

Energy efficient and stable power supply is the core of most electronic products. DC electronic load is essential equipment to calibrate the DC regulated power supply. with the development of power industry towards to diversification and complication, the electronic load equipment for testing power supply is put forward higher requirements. Quality of electronic load equipment is mainly reflected in three aspects, measurement accuracy, completeness of measuring project and richness of load characteristic. In the paper, the high power and constant current DC electronic load is designed. Two pieces of D/A converter are used to constitute the 20 D/A conversion unit, to realize the minimum resolution of 0.045 mV. Four magnetic rings of high permeability and magnetic properties consistency, and the corresponding processing unit circuit compose the current sampling unit, which solve a key problem and difficulty of high precision and large current test. The three groups of 600 W power modules in parallel to realize the function of 1800 W power constant current. The electronic load has the 0 ~ 300A constant current characteristic, uncertainty of measurement is 1×10 -4 , and the maximum load voltage is 5V. After testing, every specifications have reached the design requirements. The load is mainly used for the metrology of DC regulated power supply.

Objective This paper depicts a testing technology of nondestructive infrared imaging for acquiring internal structure information of metal Buddha head. Methods applying active infrared thermal imaging nondestructive testing technology Results Data which was collected by IR camera was processed, the typical time thermograph and the curve of logarithmic temperature-time can be. get information of relative thickness in metal Buddha face. Conclusion Infrared thermal imaging technology can be detect the inside information of metal Buddha head . It is feasible to conserve heritage in infrared imaging method.

A high voltage power supply used in laser gyro is proposed in this paper. The power supply which uses a single DC 15v input and fly-back topology is adopted in the main circuit. The output of the power supply achieve high to 3.3kv voltage in order to light the RLG. The PFM control method is adopted to realize the rapid switching between the high voltage state and the maintain state. The resonant chip L6565 is used to achieve the zero voltage switching(ZVS), so the consumption is reduced and the power efficiency is improved more than 80%. A special circuit is presented in the control portion to ensure symmetry of the two RLG's arms current. The measured current accuracy is higher than 5‰ and the current symmetry of the two RLG's arms up to 99.2%.

With the unprecedented developments of the intense laser and aerospace projects', the interferometer is widely used in detecting middle frequency indicators of the optical elements, which put forward very high request towards the interferometer system transfer function (ITF). Conventionally, the ITF is measured by comparing the power spectra of known phase objects such as high-quality phase step. However, the fabrication of phase step is complex and high-cost, especially in the measurement of large-aperture interferometer. In this paper, a new fringe method is proposed to measure the ITF without additional objects. The frequency was changed by adjusting the number of fringes, and the normalized transfer function value was measured at different frequencies. The ITF value measured by fringe method was consistent with the traditional phase step method, which confirms the feasibility of proposed method. Moreover, the measurement error caused by defocus was analyzed. The proposed method does not require the preparation of a step artifact, which greatly reduces the test cost, and is of great significance to the ITF measurement of large aperture interferometer.

A low complexity high efficiency and low spur digital intermediate frequency (IF) conversion circuit is discussed in the paper. This circuit is key element in high-fidelity GNSS signal playback instrument. We analyze the spur performance of a finite state machine (FSM) based numerically controlled oscillators (NCO), by optimization of the control algorithm, a FSM based NCO with 3 quantization stage can achieves 65dB SFDR in the range of the seventh harmonic. Compare with traditional lookup table based NCO design with the same Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) performance, the logic resource require to implemented the NCO is reduced to 1/3. The proposed design method can be extended to the IF conversion system with good SFDR in the range of higher harmonic components by increasing the quantization stage.

Ship deformation is the main error source of partial reference. Such deformation can be estimated by laser gyro units and Kalman filter technology. For Kalman filter, deformation was divide into two parts, dynamic deformation, and static deformation. Traditionally, dynamic deformation is treated as AR2 model .In this paper, dynamic deformation is taken as a kind of ARX model. Based on actual data measured by Yuanwang-3 Space Survey Ship, simulation experiments are studied. Results show that the novel model can improve the measurement precision.

In high dynamic circumstances, the acquisition of BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) signal would be affected by the pseudo-code Doppler. The pseudo-code frequency shift is more prominent and complex when BOC modulation has been adopted by BDS-II, but is not yet involved in current compensation algorithm. In addition, the most frequently used code Doppler compensation algorithm is modifying the sampling rate or local bit rate, which not only increases the complexity of the acquisition and tracking, but also is barely realizable for the hardware receiver to modify the local frequency. Therefore, this paper proposes a code Doppler compensation method based on double estimator receiver, which simultaneously controls NCO delay of code tracking loop and subcarrier tracking loop to compensate for pseudo-code frequency shift. The simulation and test are implemented with BDS-II BOC signal. The test results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively compensate for pseudo-code Doppler of BOC signal and has detection probability 3dB higher than the uncompensated situation when the false alarm rate is under 0.01 and the coherent integration time is 1ms.

The spectral imaging technology is able to analysis the spectral and spatial geometric character of the target at the same time. To break through the limitation brought by the size, weight and cost of the traditional spectral imaging instrument, a miniaturized novel spectral imaging based on CMOS processing has been introduced in the market. This technology has enabled the possibility of applying spectral imaging in the UAV platform. In this paper, the relevant technology and the related possible applications have been presented to implement a quick, flexible and more detailed remote sensing system.

Lever arm effect has to be considered in transfer alignment technology. Between static lever arm and dynamic lever arm, the former has larger amplitude, and it is the major error source in transfer alignment. How to measure and solve it become an important problem. This paper takes vehicle as a rigid body. Assume that static lever arm does not change in a short time, based on two inertial measurement units(IMU), data are measured and constituted several matrixes properly. After that, by using least square method, static lever arm is solved finally. Simulation experiments are implemented, results show that static lever arm can be solved effectively. Further study shows that, the precision of the method can be improved by preprocessing low pass filter.

The star sensor is a high-precision attitude sensitive measuring instruments, which determine spacecraft attitude by detecting different positions on the celestial sphere. Imaging camera is an important portion of star sensor. The purpose of this study is to design a driving circuit based on Kodak CCD sensor. The design of driving circuit based on Kodak KAI-04022 is discussed, and the timing of this CCD sensor is analyzed. By the driving circuit testing laboratory and imaging experiments, it is found that the driving circuits can meet the requirements of Kodak CCD sensor.

Micro pore optics (MPO) is an effective approach of miniaturization for pulsars navigation X-ray focusing and imaging. The focusing performance is one of the core indicators of evaluating the X-ray detection system. By using the X-ray detection optical system, imaging and X-ray focusing performance of MPO are investigated. The experimental results show that the MPO can make the X-ray to be converged into a clear cross image at the focal length. At the same time, compared with no coating, the coating slumped MPO focusing performance is improved significantly, the center of the power density is gaining up to 4–5 times. The optical system can achieve hundreds of micron resolution in the hundreds of mm view, and space angular resolution can reach arcmin level.

In order to get smaller, faster, and more responsive requirements of the photoelectric radar servo control system. We propose a set of core ARM + FPGA architecture servo controller. Parallel processing capability of FPGA to be used for the encoder feedback data, PWM carrier modulation, A, B code decoding processing and so on; Utilizing the advantage of imaging design in ARM Embedded systems achieves high-speed implementation of the PID algorithm. After the actual experiment, the closed-loop speed of response of the system cycles up to 2000 times/s, in the case of excellent precision turntable shaft, using a PID algorithm to achieve the servo position control with the accuracy of + -1 encoder input code. Firstly, This article carry on in-depth study of the embedded servo control system hardware to determine the ARM and FPGA chip as the main chip with systems based on a pre-measured target required to achieve performance requirements, this article based on ARM chip used Samsung S3C2440 chip of ARM7 architecture , the FPGA chip is chosen xilinx's XC3S400 . ARM and FPGA communicate by using SPI bus, the advantage of using SPI bus is saving a lot of pins for easy system upgrades required thereafter. The system gets the speed datas through the photoelectric-encoder that transports the datas to the FPGA, Then the system transmits the datas through the FPGA to ARM, transforms speed datas into the corresponding position and velocity data in a timely manner, prepares the corresponding PWM wave to control motor rotation by making comparison between the position data and the velocity data setted in advance . According to the system requirements to draw the schematics of the photoelectric radar servo control system and PCB board to produce specially. Secondly, using PID algorithm to control the servo system, the datas of speed obtained from photoelectric-encoder is calculated position data and speed data via high-speed digital PID algorithm and coordinate models. Finally, a large number of experiments verify the reliability of embedded servo control system’s functions, the stability of the program and the stability of the hardware circuit. Meanwhile, the system can also achieve the satisfactory of user experience, to achieve a multi-mode motion, real-time motion status monitoring, online system parameter changes and other convenient features.

Strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) is widely used in military field, to facilitate the study of SINS algorithms and various coupled navigation algorithms, a simulation system of SINS is designed. Based on modular design, with good portability and expansibility, the system consists of four independent modules: analysis module of motion state, trajectory simulator, IMU simulation module and SINS calculation module. With graphical interface, the system can control every motion state of the trajectory, which is convenient to generate various trajectories efficiently. Using rotation vector attitude algorithm to process simulation data, experiment results show that the attitude, velocity and position error is consistent with the theoretical value, which verifies the rationality of the simulation model and the availability of the simulation system.

YbF 3 was proposed as a substitute for ThF 4 in anti-reflection or reflection coatings for the infrared range, and the residual stress of YbF 3 thin film using APS plasma ion assisted deposition(PIAD) was studied. From the results, we found the anode voltage of PIAD has a large effect on the residual stress of YbF 3 thin film, and the refractive index of YbF 3 produced with PIAD was higher than without it, with a possible reason close to packing density. Finally, we produced multi-layer reflection coating on a 260mm diameter mono-crystalline silicon substrate. Its surface contour was approximately 0.240λ (λ＝632.8nm), and the absorption was lower than 200ppm, which can satisfy the practical requirement.

High precision tracking platform of celestial navigation with control mirror servo structure form, to solve the disadvantages of big volume and rotational inertia, slow response speed, and so on. It improved the stability and tracking accuracy of platform. Due to optical sensor and mirror are installed on the middle-gimbal, stiffness and resonant frequency requirement for high. Based on the application of finite element modality analysis theory, doing Research on dynamic characteristics of the middle-gimbal, and ANSYS was used for the finite element dynamic emulator analysis. According to the result of the computer to find out the weak links of the structure, and Put forward improvement suggestions and reanalysis. The lowest resonant frequency of optimization middle-gimbal avoid the bandwidth of the platform servo mechanism, and much higher than the disturbance frequency of carrier aircraft, and reduces mechanical resonance of the framework. Reaching provides a theoretical basis for the whole machine structure optimization design of high-precision of autonomous Celestial navigation tracking mirror system.

The characteristic of the self-infrared radiation of airplane-skin is very important for the stealth performance of airplane. Based on the theory of the airplane-skin temperature field, the distribution of the atmospheric temperature field and the principle of the black-body radiation function the self-infrared radiation model was established. In specified flight conditions, the influence of the atmospheric temperature, the speed of flight, the emissivity and the sight angle detection on the self-infrared radiation of the airplane skin were analyzed. Through the simulation of infrared radiation, some results under different flight states are obtained. The simulation results show that skin infrared radiation energy mainly concentrate on the far infrared wavebands, and various factors have different effects on the infrared radiation of skin. This conclusion can help reduce the infrared radiation and improve the stealth performance of airplane in the engineering design and the selection of flight conditions.

The laser divergence angle is an important parameter of laser beam quality. In order to meet the actual needs of engineering, a method for measuring the laser divergence angle was derived. The laser divergence angle was obtained by measuring the total laser energy and the laser energy behind the aperture. A measuring device was designed for validation. The experimental results showed that the result of the measurement was accurate with an error being smaller than 0.001 mrad . The entire measurement method and the system are simple, easy to operate and can quickly and accurately measure the laser divergence angle. They completely satisfy actual needs.

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have attracted much attention because of their excellent performance; however, the low anti-laser damage ability of such films seriously restricts their applicability. To overcome this problem, applying the bias field to the DLC film could slow down the DLC film graphitization process and improve the LIDT of the DLC film. Results showed that the longitudinal electric field could decrease the sp3 hybridization to sp2 hybridization, prevent the formation of sp2 clusters. in this study, Unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBMS) was used to deposit a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film on Si substrates. The refractive index and extinction coefficient of the DLC films were measured using elliptical polarization spectrometer. The transmittance and the surface roughness of DLC films were examined using optical microscopy, SEM, AFM and Raman spectroscopy. Ti electrodes were deposited on DLC films directly, forming a transverse and longitudinal bias field on films’ surfaces. The 3D electrodes morphology of the DLC film was observed. The electrode thickness was measured by a white-light interferometer, and the average thickness of the electrodes was 325.90 nm. The surface roughness of the electrodes was tested using the Talysurf CCI 2000 noncontact surface-measuring instrument, and the average roughness of the electrodes was 0.50 nm. The electrodes have good Ohmic contact and little thermal stress, and it can be used to form a parallel electric field.

Schlieren photography is a visual process to display the flow of fluids of varying density. It is widely used in wind tunnel tests to photograph the flow of air around objects. To achieve schlieren images with high sensitivity and high resolution, and satisfy the requirements of the large-scale wind tunnel tests, it is urgent to develop schlieren photographers with large aperture primary mirrors. However, the application of large aperture primary mirrors may bring many challenges in the design of the schlieren system. First, the surface figure of large aperture primary mirrors is difficult to control so that the support structure may need more strategical design. Second, because the schlieren system works under some severe environments of the wind tunnel test including the air disturbance, wind-induced ground vibration and high ambient pressure, it has to withstand serious instability risks to ensure a good schlieren image quality. In this work, the current status of the development in the large aperture schlieren systems is reviewed. Several advanced methods, for example, active damping control technique, focal spot monitoring technique, 18-points whilffletree support technique, etc.., are introduced to deal with the challenges of the large aperture schlieren system. This work aims at improving the technical development of large aperture schlieren photographer, which may contribute to the acquisition of the high sensitive and high resolution schlieren images and the improvement of the testing capability in wind tunnel experiments.

By using Nb2O5 and SiO2 as the coating material, a 152 layers (12 cavities) bandpass film stack with steep edge on both sides was designed. Multiple thickness control methods, including direct optical monitoring control and time control were used in coating strategy. To confirm the feasibility of this coating strategy, a process simulation was performed using Simulator software, and the simulation result indicated that relative thickness errors for all layers were less than ±0.1%. A bandpass filter with this film stack on one side was manufactured by using a plasma assisted reactive magnetic sputtering coating machine. The measuring result shows that the peak transmittance of the filter (without AR on backside) is up to 95.4%, and the steepness of both blocking slope are less than λ/100. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

The electronic image stabilization technology based on improved optical-flow motion vector estimation technique can effectively improve the non normal shift, such as jitter, rotation and so on. Firstly, the ORB features are extracted from the image, a set of regions are built on these features; Secondly, the optical-flow vector is computed in the feature regions, in order to reduce the computational complexity, the multi resolution strategy of Pyramid is used to calculate the motion vector of the frame; Finally, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the effect of the algorithm is carried out. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better stability compared with image stabilization based on the traditional optical-flow motion vector estimation method.

The hyperspectral images(HSI) consist of many closely spaced bands carrying the most object information. While due to its high dimensionality and high volume nature, it is hard to get satisfactory classification performance. In order to reduce HSI data dimensionality preparation for high classification accuracy, it is proposed to combine a band selection method of artificial immune systems (AIS) with a hybrid kernels support vector machine (SVM-HK) algorithm. In fact, after comparing different kernels for hyperspectral analysis, the approach mixed radial basis function kernel (RBF-K) with sigmoid kernel (Sig-K) and applied the optimized hybrid kernels in SVM classifiers. Then the SVM-HK algorithm used to induce the bands selection of an improved version of AIS. The AIS was composed of clonal selection and elite antibody mutation, including evaluation process with optional index factor (OIF). Experimental classification performance was on a San Diego Naval Base acquired by AVIRIS, the HRS dataset shows that the method is able to efficiently achieve bands redundancy removal while outperforming the traditional SVM classifier.

With the development of science and technology, precision-strike weapons has been considered to be important for winning victory in military field. Laser guidance is a major method to execute precision-strike in modern warfare. At present, the problems of primary stage of Laser guidance has been solved with endeavors of countries. Several technical aspects of laser-beam riding guided system have been mature, such as atmosphere penetration of laser beam, clutter inhibition on ground, laser irradiator, encoding and decoding of laser beam. Further, laser beam quality, equal output power and atmospheric transmission properties are qualified for warfare situation. Riding guidance instrument is a crucial element of Laser-beam riding guided system, and is also a vital element of airborne, vehicle-mounted and individual weapon. The optical system mainly consist of sighting module and laser-beam guided module. Photoelectric detector is the most important sensing device of seeker, and also the key to acquire the coordinate information of target space. Currently, in consideration of the 1.06 u m of wavelength applied in all the semi-active laser guided weapons systems, lithium drifting silicon photodiode which is sensitive to 1.06 u m of wavelength is used in photoelectric detector. Compared to Solid and gas laser, diode laser has many merits such as small volume, simple construction, light weight, long life, low lost and easy modulation. This article introduced the composition and operating principle of Laser-beam riding guided system based on 980 nm diode laser, and made a analysis of key technology; for instance, laser irradiator, modulating disk of component, laser zooming system. Through the use of laser diode, Laser-beam riding guided system is likely to have smaller shape and very light.

In order to break through the laser communication technology of one point to multipoint, which is the difficult problems for laser communication. The networking solutions of the antenna structure of three concentric spheres are proposed. Being with the advantages of simple structure, small size and light weight, the antenna structure of three concentric spheres can be applied to short-distance space laser communication. The feasibility of the system can be realized from two aspects, the analysis of link and the analysis of the precision index. On this basis, the whole optical system can be determined by the corresponding optical system design. Under the condition of permitting of link energy, the optical system of antenna structure of three concentric spheres with mobile field azimuth angle of 120°and the pitching angle of 20°is completed. The parameters can meet the requirements in the subsystem of the communication receiving optical path, the communication transmitting optical path and the communication tracking optical system. The results indicate that the antenna structure of three concentric spheres can be applied to the laser communication networking under the short-distance space.