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Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an annual plant with number of thistle or thistle less cultivars with broad-leaves, oil and different flower colored varieties. They are tolerant to drought with varying oil percentage of 30-50%. It is known that demand of vegetable oil is increasing every day. Therefore, safflower is an increasingly important plant among the oil seed plants. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of the safflower cultivars by maintaining 20, 30, 40 cm row to row and 5, 10, 15 cm plant to plant distance under Ankara conditions during 2015 using cv. Ayaz and Linas. Parameters like plant height (cm), number of lateral branches attached to the main stem, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield (kg da-1) and oil percentage (%) were examined. Significant interactions were noted among all evaluated parameters for row spacings x plant to plant distances x cultivars. When the average values were taken into consideration, the highest yield per plant was found in cv Ayaz with yield of 46.53 g. Maximum seed yield of 157.7 kg da-1 and oil percentage of 47.90% was also determined on cv. Ayaz using 30x10 cm. When the results of the research were compared collectively, it was concluded that cv. Ayaz was more advantageous compared to the cv. Linas under the tested climate and soil conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main reasons why safflower is not widely planted is that its yield is very low. Suddenly increasing temperatures and drought during growth and development stages of safflower planted in arid areas affect adversely yield. Why yield of safflower is low is that currently registered varieties are still planted in spring of the Central Anatolia and the most of course of its development stage in the spring coincides with period of drought, lack of rain. Populations from USA gene bank and Turkish land races were fall planted to be exposed to cold tests under the field conditions of Konya, during the growing seasons from 2008 to 2015. Some of safflower lines selected from fall planted nurseries were superior to the spring planted counterparts, 50 % higher yielding. On the other hand, spring type germplasm development is still main priority of our safflower breeding program. In this context, we already improved a spring type safflower line, namely BDYAS-4, with oil content of 35-37 % and showing better yield performance than currently registered cultivars do. Finally, this line was registered as GÖKTÜRK in 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3 projects in the subjects of sowing time, irrigation and fertilizer doses were carried out and extension activities finalized by the GAP Agricultural Research Institute Directorate between 2007-2013 years under Sanliurfa conditions. In the projects, it was aimed to determine the appropriate planting time and fertilizer doses (nitrogen, phosphorus) and irrigation effects on yield for the safflower plant grown under region conditions. In the planting time study; the highest seed yield was reported from the October 30 with 4260 kg ha-1 and the lowest yield from the April 5 with 980 kg ha-1 (Hatipoglu et al., 2012). In the irrigation study; the differences were not found statistically between the yields of winter safflower seed, at the summer safflower the planting S8 subject(stem elongation period 1 water + before flowering 1 water + seed formation phase 1 water), in limited irrigation conditions the S9 subject (50% of the amount of applied water to S8) proposed(Nacar et al., 2015). In the fertilizer dose study; it was concluded that the fertilizer doses of 7.6 kg/da N and 6.2 kg/da P205 should be applied for optimum yield under the Talat Demirören Research Station conditions, the fertilizer doses of 5.4 kg/da N and 3.9 kg/da P205 should be applied for optimum yield under the Tatlıca Research Station conditions(Saracoglu et al., 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out to determine seed yield, oil content and oil yield some safflower varieties under Eskisehir ecological conditions and aimed to identify changes by year. This research was conducted at the experimental fields of Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute (TZARI), between 2008-2012 using Yenice, Dincer, Remzibey and Balci varieties Linas safflower variety subject to these trials between 2013 and 2015. Data were collected and analyzed according to randomized block design with three replications. Means of seed yield, oil content and oil yield were found 88.6 kg da-1, 32.2% and 29.0 kg da-1; 77.3 kg da-1, 32.0% and 25.1 kg da-1; 159.5 kg da-1, 28.9% and 46.5 kg da-1; 150.0 kg da-1, 33.0 % and 49.9 kg da-1; 176.3 kg da-1, 32.6 % and 58.2 kg da-1; 96.5 kg da-1, 33.1% and 33.0 kg da-1; 122.4 kg da-1, 29.8% and 36.4 kg da-1; 138.6 kg da-1, 29.0 % and 43.2 kg da-1 in 2008-2015, respectively. In the study Balci and Linas varieties higher oil content than other varieties, especially it was determined to Balci has the highest variety in terms of oil yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]