30 results on '"Sofi a"'
Search Results
2. Exploring the lead-free halide Cs2MGaBr6 (M = Li, Na) double perovskites for sustainable energy applications
- Author
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Sofi, Mudasir Younis, Khan, Mohd Shahid, Ali, Javid, and Khan, M. Ajmal
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Exploring the lead-free halide Cs2MGaBr6 (M = Li, Na) double perovskites for sustainable energy applications
- Author
-
Mudasir Younis Sofi, Mohd Shahid Khan, Javid Ali, and M. Ajmal Khan
- Subjects
Structural and thermodynamic stability ,Electronic properties ,Thermoelectric coefficients ,Electron–phonon coupling ,Optical parameters ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the exploration of sustainable and eco-friendly materials well-suited for advanced applications in the realms of thermoelectrics and optoelectronics. Lead-free halide double perovskites have emerged as a compelling class of materials in this context. Nevertheless, despite their potential utility, thorough investigations into their thermal transport characteristics remain limited. In this systematic investigation, we employ density functional theory (DFT) and post-DFT techniques to elucidate the essential stability parameters, transport properties, and carrier-lattice interactions of the metal halide-based Cs2MGaBr6 (X = Li, Ga) double perovskites. Our assessment of structural stability involves a meticulous description of stability index parameters and the optimization of pristine structures using the GGA-PBE potential. Additionally, we calibrate the electronic structure while taking spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effects into consideration by using a combination of GGA and GGA + mBJ potentials. Our findings reveal that the TB-mBJ derived band gaps of 1.82 eV and 1.78 eV for Cs2LiGaBr6 and Cs2NaGaBr6 reside within the visible spectrum, prompting further investigation into their thermal transport characteristics. Moreover, we analyze the phonon characteristics and vibrational modes, extending our investigation to examine the electron–phonon coupling strength. The scrutiny of the Fröhlich coupling constant and the Feynman polaron radius unveils a stronger electron–phonon coupling strength. In the domain of thermoelectrics, the significant figure of merit (zT) values of 1.08 and 1.04 for Cs2LiGaBr6 and Cs2NaGaBr6, respectively, emphasize the considerable potential of these materials for deployment in renewable energy applications. Furthermore, our computational investigation into optical properties, including the dielectric constant, optical absorption, and refractive index, demonstrates optimal performance within the visible spectrum. Specifically, elevated absorption coefficient values of $$30\times 10$$ 30 × 10 4 $${{\text{cm}}}^{-1}$$ cm - 1 for Cs2LiGaBr6 and $$40\times 10$$ 40 × 10 4 $${{\text{cm}}}^{-1}$$ cm - 1 for Cs2NaGaBr6 are noted across visible and infrared spectra, highlighting their promising potential in optoelectronic and solar cell technologies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Performance of standardized cancer patient pathways in Sweden visualized using observational data and a state-transition model
- Author
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Borg, Sixten, Hörstedt, Ann-Sofi, Carlsson, Tobias, Nilbert, Mef, Larsson, Anna-Maria, and Ohlsson, Björn
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic forcings in structuring the periphytic algal assemblages in a regulated river ecosystem
- Author
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Sofi, Mohd Sharjeel, Hamid, Aadil, Bhat, Sami Ullah, Rashid, Irfan, and Kuniyal, Jagdish Chandra
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Direct signaling of TL1A-DR3 on fibroblasts induces intestinal fibrosis in vivo.
- Author
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Jacob, Noam, Kumagai, Kotaro, Abraham, Jay P, Shimodaira, Yosuke, Ye, Yuefang, Luu, Justin, Blackwood, Anna Y, Castanon, Sofi L, Stamps, Dalton T, Thomas, Lisa S, Gonsky, Rivkah, Shih, David Q, Michelsen, Kathrin S, and Targan, Stephan R
- Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-like cytokine 1A (TL1A, TNFSF15) is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease, modulating the location and severity of inflammation and fibrosis. TL1A expression is increased in inflamed mucosa and associated with fibrostenosing Crohn's disease. Tl1a-overexpression in mice causes spontaneous ileitis, and exacerbates induced proximal colitis and fibrosis. Intestinal fibroblasts express Death-receptor 3 (DR3; the only know receptor for TL1A) and stimulation with TL1A induces activation in vitro. However, the contribution of direct TL1A-DR3 activation on fibroblasts to fibrosis in vivo remains unknown. TL1A overexpressing naïve T cells were transferred into Rag-/- , Rag-/- mice lacking DR3 in all cell types (Rag-/-Dr3-/-), or Rag-/- mice lacking DR3 only on fibroblasts (Rag-/-Dr3∆Col1a2) to induce colitis and fibrosis, assessed by clinical disease activity index, intestinal inflammation, and collagen deposition. Rag-/- mice developed overt colitis with intestinal fibrostenosis. In contrast, Rag-/-Dr3-/- demonstrated decreased inflammation and fibrosis. Despite similar clinical disease and inflammation as Rag-/-, Rag-/-Dr3∆Col1a2 exhibited reduced intestinal fibrosis and attenuated fibroblast activation and migration. RNA-Sequencing of TL1A-stimulated fibroblasts identified Rho signal transduction as a major pathway activated by TL1A and inhibition of this pathway modulated TL1A-mediated fibroblast functions. Thus, direct TL1A signaling on fibroblasts promotes intestinal fibrosis in vivo. These results provide novel insight into profibrotic pathways mediated by TL1A paralleling its pro-inflammatory effects.
- Published
- 2020
7. Scrutinized the inherent spin half-metallicity and thermoelectric response of f-electron-based RbMO3 (M = Np, Pu) perovskites: a computational assessment
- Author
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Sofi, Mudasir Younis and Gupta, Dinesh C.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Fusarium chlamydosporum, causing wilt disease of chili (Capsicum annum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) in Northern Himalayas: a first report
- Author
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Parihar, Tasmeen J., Sofi, Mohd. Yaseen, Rasool, Rovidha S., Khursheed, Sehla, Bhat, Zahoor A., Hussain, Khursheed, Dhekale, Bhagyashree, Zargar, Sajad Majeed, Hakak, Asma S., Shah, Mehraj D., Nehvi, F. A., Bhat, M. Ashraf, Khan, M. N., and Masoodi, Khalid Z.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Exploring the lead-free halide Cs2MGaBr6 (M = Li, Na) double perovskites for sustainable energy applications.
- Author
-
Sofi, Mudasir Younis, Khan, Mohd Shahid, Ali, Javid, and Khan, M. Ajmal
- Subjects
- *
BAND gaps , *CLEAN energy , *VISIBLE spectra , *LIGHT absorption , *COUPLING constants - Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on the exploration of sustainable and eco-friendly materials well-suited for advanced applications in the realms of thermoelectrics and optoelectronics. Lead-free halide double perovskites have emerged as a compelling class of materials in this context. Nevertheless, despite their potential utility, thorough investigations into their thermal transport characteristics remain limited. In this systematic investigation, we employ density functional theory (DFT) and post-DFT techniques to elucidate the essential stability parameters, transport properties, and carrier-lattice interactions of the metal halide-based Cs2MGaBr6 (X = Li, Ga) double perovskites. Our assessment of structural stability involves a meticulous description of stability index parameters and the optimization of pristine structures using the GGA-PBE potential. Additionally, we calibrate the electronic structure while taking spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effects into consideration by using a combination of GGA and GGA + mBJ potentials. Our findings reveal that the TB-mBJ derived band gaps of 1.82 eV and 1.78 eV for Cs2LiGaBr6 and Cs2NaGaBr6 reside within the visible spectrum, prompting further investigation into their thermal transport characteristics. Moreover, we analyze the phonon characteristics and vibrational modes, extending our investigation to examine the electron–phonon coupling strength. The scrutiny of the Fröhlich coupling constant and the Feynman polaron radius unveils a stronger electron–phonon coupling strength. In the domain of thermoelectrics, the significant figure of merit (zT) values of 1.08 and 1.04 for Cs2LiGaBr6 and Cs2NaGaBr6, respectively, emphasize the considerable potential of these materials for deployment in renewable energy applications. Furthermore, our computational investigation into optical properties, including the dielectric constant, optical absorption, and refractive index, demonstrates optimal performance within the visible spectrum. Specifically, elevated absorption coefficient values of 30 × 10 4 cm - 1 for Cs2LiGaBr6 and 40 × 10 4 cm - 1 for Cs2NaGaBr6 are noted across visible and infrared spectra, highlighting their promising potential in optoelectronic and solar cell technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Genetic diversity may help evolutionary rescue in a clonal endemic plant species of Western Himalaya
- Author
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Sofi, Irshad Ahmad, Rashid, Irfan, Lone, Javaid Yousuf, Tyagi, Sandhya, Reshi, Zafar A., and Mir, Reyazul Rouf
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Genome-wide association studies in tropical maize germplasm reveal novel and known genomic regions for resistance to Northern corn leaf blight
- Author
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Rashid, Zerka, Sofi, Mehrajuddin, Harlapur, Sharanappa I., Kachapur, Rajashekhar M., Dar, Zahoor Ahmed, Singh, Pradeep Kumar, Zaidi, Pervez Haider, Vivek, Bindiganavile Sampath, and Nair, Sudha Krishnan
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. High frequency of intermediary alleles in the HTT gene in Northern Sweden - The Swedish Huntingtin Alleles and Phenotype (SHAPE) study
- Author
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Sundblom, Jimmy, Niemelä, Valter, Ghazarian, Maria, Strand, Ann-Sofi, Bergdahl, Ingvar A., Jansson, Jan-Håkan, Söderberg, Stefan, and Stattin, Eva-Lena
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic forcings in structuring the periphytic algal assemblages in a regulated river ecosystem
- Author
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Mohd Sharjeel Sofi, Aadil Hamid, Sami Ullah Bhat, Irfan Rashid, and Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Periphytic algal assemblages in the River Sindh of Kashmir Himalaya were studied in relation to environmental factors and anthropogenic alterations like flow regulation for Run-of-River hydropower plants to understand their ecology in a regulated river ecosystem. Sites were sampled from unregulated, regulated, and downstream reaches along the river on a seasonal basis from the year 2017 to 2019. A total of 48 species were identified, spread over 31 genera. Non-metric multidimensional analysis showed clear distinction in periphytic algal assemblage samples based on sites and potentially some more minor distinction based on seasons rendering the sites into two distinct groups (G1 and G2). The ADONIS test showed that the groups (G1 and G2 sites) do not significantly differ in terms of how communities differ from one another, but there is a difference in species compositions based on seasons. However, the betadisper test indicated that groups (G1 and G2 sites) and seasons present homogeneity among group dispersions (compositions vary similarly) while having significantly different compositions. Geo-physical factors (discharge and altitude) accounted for most variations, while the scraper community played a minor role. This study provides scientific insights related to the ecology of a regulated Himalayan river and may provide information relevant to managing the River Sindh sustainably.
- Published
- 2023
14. CLOCK gene polymorphisms and quality of aging in a cohort of nonagenarians – The MUGELLO Study
- Author
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Pagliai, Giuditta, Sofi, Francesco, Dinu, Monica, Sticchi, Elena, Vannetti, Federica, Molino Lova, Raffaele, Ordovàs, José Marìa, Gori, Anna Maria, Marcucci, Rossella, Giusti, Betti, and Macchi, Claudio
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Scrutinized the inherent spin half-metallicity and thermoelectric response of f-electron-based RbMO3 (M = Np, Pu) perovskites: a computational assessment
- Author
-
Mudasir Younis Sofi and Dinesh C. Gupta
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary - Abstract
In the hunt for novel materials, we present self-consistent ab initio simulations of the structural stability, electronic profile, and transport properties of f-electron-based RbMO3 (M = Np, Pu) perovskites within the context of density functional theory. The structural stability and thermodynamic concerns are fixed by relaxing the crystal structure and computing the energy of formation, respectively. Furthermore, the decisive physical features of given materials have been outlined using the optimised lattice constant retrieved from structural optimizations. The ground state magnetic phase stability is ascertained by minimizing Birch Murnaghan's equation of state in distinct magnetic phases, upholding the ferromagnetic phase (FM) as the ground state magnetic phase, which is further backed by positive Curie Wiess constant values. To specify the electronic structure, a mix of the two approximations GGA and GGA + mBJ has been executed, both of which assert the half-metallic character, culminating in 100% spin polarisation at the Fermi level. The study of the magnetic moment and Curie temperature of each material has further been assessed in the present study. Apart from half-metallicity, the thermoelectric response of the present materials is quantified by exploring the chemical potential dependency of several transport parameters like Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity, power factor, etc. Moreover, the thermoelectric competence has been tested using a zT calculation, adapting values of 1.01 and 0.987 at 300 K for RbNpO3 and RbPuO3, respectively. The high electronic zT at encompassing temperatures uncovers the significant utility of these materials in both low-and high-temperature thermoelectric device applications. In essence, the comprehensive survey of these alloys could certainly open up their possibilities in spintronics, thermoelectric, and solid-state (RTG) device applications.
- Published
- 2022
16. Genome-wide association studies in tropical maize germplasm reveal novel and known genomic regions for resistance to Northern corn leaf blight
- Author
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Zahoor Ahmed Dar, Zerka Rashid, Mehrajuddin Sofi, Pradeep Kumar Singh, Bindiganavile S. Vivek, R.M. Kachapur, Pervez Haider Zaidi, Sudha K. Nair, and S.I. Harlapur
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Germplasm ,Genotype ,Science ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Genome-wide association study ,Plant disease resistance ,Quantitative trait locus ,01 natural sciences ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Zea mays ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ascomycota ,Genetics ,Association mapping ,Plant Diseases ,Multidisciplinary ,Setosphaeria turcica ,biology ,Haplotype ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Medicine ,Plant sciences ,Genome, Plant ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NCLB) caused by Setosphaeria turcica, is one of the most important diseases of maize world-wide, and one of the major reasons behind yield losses in maize crop in Asia. In the present investigation, a high-resolution genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for NCLB resistance in three association mapping panels, predominantly consisting of tropical lines adapted to different agro-ecologies. These panels were phenotyped for disease severity across three locations with high disease prevalence in India. High density SNPs from Genotyping-by-sequencing were used in GWAS, after controlling for population structure and kinship matrices, based on single locus mixed linear model (MLM). Twenty-two SNPs were identified, that revealed a significant association with NCLB in the three mapping panels. Haplotype regression analysis revealed association of 17 significant haplotypes at FDR ≤ 0.05, with two common haplotypes across three maize panels. Several of the significantly associated SNPs/haplotypes were found to be co-located in chromosomal bins previously reported for major genes like Ht2, Ht3 and Htn1 and QTL for NCLB resistance and multiple foliar disease resistance. Phenotypic variance explained by these significant SNPs/haplotypes ranged from low to moderate, suggesting a breeding strategy of combining multiple resistance alleles towards resistance for NCLB.
- Published
- 2020
17. Fusarium chlamydosporum, causing wilt disease of chili (Capsicum annum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) in Northern Himalayas: a first report
- Author
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Tasmeen J. Parihar, Mohd. Yaseen Sofi, Rovidha S. Rasool, Sehla Khursheed, Zahoor A. Bhat, Khursheed Hussain, Bhagyashree Dhekale, Sajad Majeed Zargar, Asma S. Hakak, Mehraj D. Shah, F. A. Nehvi, M. Ashraf Bhat, M. N. Khan, and Khalid Z. Masoodi
- Subjects
Crops, Agricultural ,Multidisciplinary ,Vegetables ,Solanum melongena ,Capsicum - Abstract
Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) are the most widely grown solanaceous crops in the world. However, their production has reduced over several years due to the attack of various fungal and bacterial pathogens and various abiotic factors. Still, the major constrain in their production are pathogens with fungal etiology, especially the fungal wilt of solanaceous crops. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani have been previously identified as the pathogens causing wilt disease in chili and brinjal. Recently, a new fungal pathogen F. equiseti has been reported as the causal agent of wilt disease infecting chili. The current study focused on identifying fungal pathogens associated with the wilted plants of chili and brinjal, collected from different parts of the Himalayan region of Kashmir valley, through morpho-cultural and molecular characterization. DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing were performed on various isolates. DNA barcoding using the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) was used to identify the pathogen followed by the pathogenicity test. Further confirmation of the pathogen was done by sequencing of transcription elongation factor (TEF) and Calmodulin (CAL2). In current study Fusarium chlamydosporum has been reported as the wilt causing pathogen of chili and brinjal for the first time in Kashmir Himalayas.
- Published
- 2022
18. Scrutinized the inherent spin half-metallicity and thermoelectric response of f-electron-based RbMO3 (M = Np, Pu) perovskites: a computational assessment.
- Author
-
Sofi, Mudasir Younis and Gupta, Dinesh C.
- Subjects
- *
PEROVSKITE , *THERMOELECTRIC apparatus & appliances , *SEEBECK coefficient , *EQUATIONS of state , *STRUCTURAL stability , *THERMOELECTRIC materials , *PHONON scattering - Abstract
In the hunt for novel materials, we present self-consistent ab initio simulations of the structural stability, electronic profile, and transport properties of f-electron-based RbMO3 (M = Np, Pu) perovskites within the context of density functional theory. The structural stability and thermodynamic concerns are fixed by relaxing the crystal structure and computing the energy of formation, respectively. Furthermore, the decisive physical features of given materials have been outlined using the optimised lattice constant retrieved from structural optimizations. The ground state magnetic phase stability is ascertained by minimizing Birch Murnaghan's equation of state in distinct magnetic phases, upholding the ferromagnetic phase (FM) as the ground state magnetic phase, which is further backed by positive Curie Wiess constant values. To specify the electronic structure, a mix of the two approximations GGA and GGA + mBJ has been executed, both of which assert the half-metallic character, culminating in 100% spin polarisation at the Fermi level. The study of the magnetic moment and Curie temperature of each material has further been assessed in the present study. Apart from half-metallicity, the thermoelectric response of the present materials is quantified by exploring the chemical potential dependency of several transport parameters like Seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity, power factor, etc. Moreover, the thermoelectric competence has been tested using a zT calculation, adapting values of 1.01 and 0.987 at 300 K for RbNpO3 and RbPuO3, respectively. The high electronic zT at encompassing temperatures uncovers the significant utility of these materials in both low-and high-temperature thermoelectric device applications. In essence, the comprehensive survey of these alloys could certainly open up their possibilities in spintronics, thermoelectric, and solid-state (RTG) device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. CLOCK gene polymorphisms and quality of aging in a cohort of nonagenarians – The MUGELLO Study
- Author
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Jose M. Ordovas, Claudio Macchi, Federica Vannetti, Elena Sticchi, Rossella Marcucci, Giuditta Pagliai, Betti Giusti, Monica Dinu, Raffaele Molino Lova, Francesco Sofi, and Anna Maria Gori
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediterranean diet ,CLOCK Proteins ,lcsh:Medicine ,Overweight ,Lower risk ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene Frequency ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Geriatric Assessment ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Haplotype ,Hypertriglyceridemia ,lcsh:R ,medicine.disease ,Minor allele frequency ,030104 developmental biology ,Haplotypes ,Cohort ,Quality of Life ,Female ,Geriatric Depression Scale ,lcsh:Q ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
A total of 356 elderly subjects [257F; 88–106 years] were genotyped for three polymorphisms of the CLOCK gene by TaqMan real-time PCR approach, in order to find associations with quality of aging. Subjects homozygous for the minor allele of rs1801260 were less frequently overweight (p = 0.046), had higher fasting glucose levels (p = 0.037), better scores at the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) (p = 0.047) and worse scores at the Geriatric Depression Scale (p = 0.032). Subjects homozygous for the minor allele of rs11932595 showed higher fasting glucose levels (p = 0.044) and better scores at CDT (p = 0.030). Conversely, subjects homozygous for the minor allele of rs4580704 showed higher triglyceride (p = 0.012), and LDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.44), and a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) (p = 0.044). In addition, AAC, AAG, GGC and AGC (rs1801260–rs11932595–rs4580704) haplotypes were analyzed: AAG was associated with higher risk of overweight (p = 0.008), hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.040) and hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.036); GGC with lower risk of hyperglycemia (p = 0.022), better sleep pattern (p = 0.001) and with better score at mini-mental state examination (p = 0.010); AGC with lower risk of depression (p = 0.026) and AAC with lower adherence to the MD (p = 0.028). Therefore, CLOCK gene polymorphisms let us hypothesize an involvement in the quality of aging in a cohort of nonagenarians.
- Published
- 2019
20. Marker-assisted introgression of three dominant blast resistance genes into an aromatic rice cultivar Mushk Budji
- Author
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Khan, Gazala Hassan, primary, Shikari, Asif Bashir, additional, Vaishnavi, Rakesh, additional, Najeeb, Sofi, additional, Padder, Bilal A., additional, Bhat, Zahoor A., additional, Parray, Ghulam A., additional, Bhat, Mohammad Ashraf, additional, Kumar, Ram, additional, and Singh, Nagendra K., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Dimethylmercury Formation Mediated by Inorganic and Organic Reduced Sulfur Surfaces
- Author
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Robert P. Mason, Sofi Jonsson, and Nashaat M. Mazrui
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Multidisciplinary ,Mineral ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Sulfide ,Ecology ,Hydrogen sulfide ,Inorganic chemistry ,Dimethylmercury ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Methylation ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Sulfur ,Article ,Sulfide minerals ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,14. Life underwater ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Underlying formation pathways of dimethylmercury ((CH3)2Hg) in the ocean are unknown. Early work proposed reactions of inorganic Hg (HgII) with methyl cobalamin or of dissolved monomethylmercury (CH3Hg) with hydrogen sulfide as possible bacterial mediated or abiotic pathways. A significant fraction (up to 90%) of CH3Hg in natural waters is however adsorbed to reduced sulfur groups on mineral or organic surfaces. We show that binding of CH3Hg to such reactive sites facilitates the formation of (CH3)2Hg by degradation of the adsorbed CH3Hg. We demonstrate that the reaction can be mediated by different sulfide minerals, as well as by dithiols suggesting that e.g. reduced sulfur groups on mineral particles or on protein surfaces could mediate the reaction. The observed fraction of CH3Hg methylated on sulfide mineral surfaces exceeded previously observed methylation rates of CH3Hg to (CH3)2Hg in seawaters and we suggest the pathway demonstrated here could account for much of the (CH3)2Hg found in the ocean.
- Published
- 2016
22. Marked variation between winter and spring gut microbiota in free-ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca thibetana)
- Author
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Zhiyuan Gu, Dong Po Xia, R. S. Wagner, Lori K. Sheeran, Sofi Bernstein, Xi Wang, Jin-Hua Li, Binghua Sun, Michael A. Huffman, and Rui Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Glycan ,030106 microbiology ,Prevotella ,Zoology ,Gut flora ,Tibet ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrigenomics ,Botany ,Animals ,Hemicellulose ,Cellulose ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Succinivibrionaceae ,Carbohydrate ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Metabolic pathway ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Carbohydrate Metabolism ,Macaca ,Metagenome ,Digestion ,Tibetan macaque ,Composition (visual arts) ,Seasons ,Energy Intake ,Energy Metabolism - Abstract
Variation in the availability and distribution of food resources is a strong selective pressure on wild primates. We explored variation in Tibetan macaque gut microbiota composition during winter and spring seasons. Our results showed that gut microbial composition and diversity varied by season. In winter, the genus Succinivibrio, which promotes the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose, was significantly increased. In spring, the abundance of the genus Prevotella, which is associated with digestion of carbohydrates and simple sugars, was significantly increased. PICRUSt analysis revealed that the predicted metagenomes related to the glycan biosynthesis and metabolic pathway was significantly increased in winter samples, which would aid in the digestion of glycan extracted from cellulose and hemicellulose. The predicted metagenomes related to carbohydrate and energy metabolic pathways were significantly increased in spring samples, which could facilitate a monkey’s recovery from acute energy loss experienced during winter. We propose that shifts in the composition and function of the gut microbiota provide a buffer against seasonal fluctuations in energy and nutrient intake, thus enabling these primates to adapt to variations in food supply and quality.
- Published
- 2016
23. Interpenetration of polymeric microgels at ultrahigh densities
- Author
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Mohanty, Priti S., primary, Nöjd, Sofi, additional, van Gruijthuijsen, Kitty, additional, Crassous, Jérôme J., additional, Obiols-Rabasa, Marc, additional, Schweins, Ralf, additional, Stradner, Anna, additional, and Schurtenberger, Peter, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dimethylmercury Formation Mediated by Inorganic and Organic Reduced Sulfur Surfaces
- Author
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Jonsson, Sofi, primary, Mazrui, Nashaat M., additional, and Mason, Robert P., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Marked variation between winter and spring gut microbiota in free-ranging Tibetan Macaques (Macaca thibetana)
- Author
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Sun, Binghua, primary, Wang, Xi, additional, Bernstein, Sofi, additional, Huffman, Michael A., additional, Xia, Dong-Po, additional, Gu, Zhiyuan, additional, Chen, Rui, additional, Sheeran, Lori K., additional, Wagner, R. S, additional, and Li, Jinhua, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Identification of plant based potential antifungal compounds against BMK-1 protein of Bipolaris oryzae using molecular docking approach
- Author
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Sheeba Bhat, Mariya Rather, Saima Gani, Asha Nabi, Shabir Ahmad Ganai, Mehraj D. Shah, Parvaze Sofi, Fehim Jeelani, Arif Hussain, Sabiha Ashraf, Ali Anwar, Iram Iqbal, Tawkeer Un Nisa, Baby Summuna, and Saba Banday
- Subjects
Bipolaris oryzae ,Clove ,Inula racemosa ,Noscapine ,Plant extracts ,Ursolic acid ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Rice brown spot is an important disease of rice worldwide that inflicts substantial yield losses. The antimicrobial potential of methanol, acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) extracts of different medicinal plants, viz., Syzygium aromaticum, Saussurea costus, Acorus calamus, Bergenia ciliate, Geranium pratense, Mentha longifolia, Inula racemosa, Podophyllum hexandrum, Heracleum candicans and Picrorhiza kurroa, against the brown spot pathogen Bipolaris oryzae in vitro was evaluated via mycelial growth inhibition and spore germination inhibition assays. Among the plant extracts tested, 100% mycelial inhibition was observed for the methanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum at all three concentrations (2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm), followed by the methanol extract of Inula racemosa (90.33%) at 4000 ppm. A maximum conidial germination inhibition of 83.54% was exhibited by the Heracleum candicans leaf extract. Phytochemical profiling of Syzygium aromaticum and Inula racemosa through liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HR-LCMS) revealed the presence of several compounds, such as eugenol, ursolic acid, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and noscapine. A molecular docking approach was used to identify key inhibitory molecules against B. oryzae. Among the compounds detected in S. aromaticum and Inula racemosa, ursolic acid and noscapine were found to have the greatest binding affinity for the Big Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (BMK-1) enzyme present in B. oryzae. In conclusion, S. aromaticum and Inula racemosa are potent compounds that could serve as lead compounds for drug discovery in the future.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Performance of standardized cancer patient pathways in Sweden visualized using observational data and a state-transition model
- Author
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Sixten Borg, Ann-Sofi Hörstedt, Tobias Carlsson, Mef Nilbert, Anna-Maria Larsson, and Björn Ohlsson
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Standardized Cancer Patient Pathways (CPPs) were introduced in Swedish healthcare starting in 2015 to improve diagnostics for patients with symptoms of cancer, patient satisfaction and equity of care between healthcare providers. An inclusion target and a time target were set. Our primary aim was to visualize the patient population going through CPPs, in terms of investigation time and indications of the various outcomes including cancer diagnoses. Our secondary aims were to examine if targets were met, and to examine frequencies of undetected cancer. We collected data from 19,204 patients starting in a CPP, and 7895 patients diagnosed with cancer in 2018 in a region of Sweden. A state transition model was developed and used as analytical framework, and patients were mapped over time in the states of the model. Visualization of the patient-flow through the model illustrates speed of investigation, time to treatment, frequencies of detected and undetected cancer. Twelve CPPs out of 28 met the inclusion target, five met the time target. After suspicion of cancer rejected, 0.8% of patients were diagnosed with the primarily suspected cancer, 1.0% with another cancer. In patients not meeting the criteria for well-founded suspicion less than 3% were later diagnosed with cancer. The visualization of the patient flow into and through standardized cancer patient pathways illustrates investigation time, events occurring and outcomes. The use of standardized cancer patient pathways detects cancer efficiently.
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- 2023
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28. Genetic diversity may help evolutionary rescue in a clonal endemic plant species of Western Himalaya
- Author
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Irshad Ahmad Sofi, Irfan Rashid, Javaid Yousuf Lone, Sandhya Tyagi, Zafar A. Reshi, and Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Habitat loss due to climate change may cause the extinction of the clonal species with a limited distribution range. Thus, determining the genetic diversity required for adaptability by these species in sensitive ecosystems can help infer the chances of their survival and spread in changing climate. We studied the genetic diversity and population structure of Sambucus wightiana—a clonal endemic plant species of the Himalayan region for understanding its possible survival chances in anticipated climate change. Eight polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to study the allelic/genetic diversity and population structure. In addition, ITS1–ITS4 Sanger sequencing was used for phylogeny and SNP detection. A total number of 73 alleles were scored for 37 genotypes at 17 loci for 8 SSRs markers. The population structural analysis using the SSR marker data led to identifying two sub-populations in our collection of 37 S. wightiana genotypes, with 11 genotypes having mixed ancestry. The ITS sequence data show a specific allele in higher frequency in a particular sub-population, indicating variation in different S. wightiana accessions at the sequence level. The genotypic data of SSR markers and trait data of 11 traits of S. wightiana, when analyzed together, revealed five significant Marker-Trait Associations (MTAs) through Single Marker Analysis (SMA) or regression analysis. Most of the SSR markers were found to be associated with more than one trait, indicating the usefulness of these markers for working out marker-trait associations. Moderate to high genetic diversity observed in the present study may provide insurance against climate change to S. wightiana and help its further spread.
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- 2021
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29. Genome-wide association studies in tropical maize germplasm reveal novel and known genomic regions for resistance to Northern corn leaf blight
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Zerka Rashid, Mehrajuddin Sofi, Sharanappa I. Harlapur, Rajashekhar M. Kachapur, Zahoor Ahmed Dar, Pradeep Kumar Singh, Pervez Haider Zaidi, Bindiganavile Sampath Vivek, and Sudha Krishnan Nair
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Northern Corn Leaf Blight (NCLB) caused by Setosphaeria turcica, is one of the most important diseases of maize world-wide, and one of the major reasons behind yield losses in maize crop in Asia. In the present investigation, a high-resolution genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for NCLB resistance in three association mapping panels, predominantly consisting of tropical lines adapted to different agro-ecologies. These panels were phenotyped for disease severity across three locations with high disease prevalence in India. High density SNPs from Genotyping-by-sequencing were used in GWAS, after controlling for population structure and kinship matrices, based on single locus mixed linear model (MLM). Twenty-two SNPs were identified, that revealed a significant association with NCLB in the three mapping panels. Haplotype regression analysis revealed association of 17 significant haplotypes at FDR ≤ 0.05, with two common haplotypes across three maize panels. Several of the significantly associated SNPs/haplotypes were found to be co-located in chromosomal bins previously reported for major genes like Ht2, Ht3 and Htn1 and QTL for NCLB resistance and multiple foliar disease resistance. Phenotypic variance explained by these significant SNPs/haplotypes ranged from low to moderate, suggesting a breeding strategy of combining multiple resistance alleles towards resistance for NCLB.
- Published
- 2020
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30. Interpenetration of polymeric microgels at ultrahigh densities
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Priti S. Mohanty, Sofi Nöjd, Kitty van Gruijthuijsen, Jérôme J. Crassous, Marc Obiols-Rabasa, Ralf Schweins, Anna Stradner, and Peter Schurtenberger
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Soft particles such as polymeric microgels can form ultra-dense phases, where the average center-to-center distance a s can be smaller than the initial unperturbed particle diameter σ 0, due to their ability to interpenetrate and compress. However, despite of the effort devoted to microgels at ultrahigh densities, we know surprisingly little about their response to their environment at effective volume fractions ϕ eff above close packing (ϕ cp ), and the existing information is often contradictory. Here we report direct measurements of the size and shape of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels at concentrations below and above ϕ cp using the zero average contrast method in small-angle neutron scattering. We complement these experiments with measurements of the average interparticle distances using small-angle x-ray scattering, and a determination of the glass transition using dynamic light scattering. This allows us to unambiguously decouple interaction effects from density-dependent variations of the particle size and shape at all values of ϕ eff . We demonstrate that the microgels used in this study significantly interpenetrate and thus change their size and shape only marginally even for ϕ eff ≫ ϕ cp , a finding that may require changes in the interpretation of a number of previously published studies on the structural and dynamic properties of dense soft particle systems.
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- 2017
- Full Text
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