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Abstract The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) differs substantially between males and females, suggesting that sex-related neurodevelopmental factors are central to ASD pathogenesis. Numerous studies have suggested that abnormal brain specialization patterns and poor regional cooperation contribute to ASD pathogenesis, but relatively little is known about the related sex differences. Therefore, this study examined sex differences in brain functional specialization and cooperation among children with ASD. The autonomy index (AI) and connectivity between functionally homotopic voxels (CFH) derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) were compared between 58 male and 13 female children with ASD. In addition, correlations were examined between regional CFH values showing significant sex differences and symptom scores on the autism behavior checklist (ABC) and childhood autism rating scale (CARS). Male children with ASD demonstrated significantly greater CFH in the left fusiform gyrus (FG) and right opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGoperc) than female children with ASD. In addition, the CFH value of the left FG in male children with ASD was negatively correlated with total ABC score and subscale scores for sensory and social abilities. In contrast, no sex differences were detected in brain specialization. These regional abnormalities in interhemispheric cooperation among male children with ASD may provide clues to the neural mechanisms underlying sex differences in ASD symptomatology and prevalence. Autism spectrum disorders, sex, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral specialization, interhemispheric cooperation.

Abstract The best treatment method for reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures (ROIFs) is still under debate. Our team designed the modified proximal femoral nail (MPFN) specially for treating such fractures. The objective of this research was to introduce the MPFN device and compare the biomechanical properties with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) and InterTAN nail via finite element modelling. An AO/OTA 31-A3.1 ROIF model was established via Mimics software. Three implants were depicted and assembled on the ROIF models. The axial, bending, and torsion loads were simulated to test stress and displacement of three fixation models. Compared to the PFNA and InterTAN models, the MPFN model had more dispersed stress distribution under axial loads of 2,100 N. The MPFN showed lower von Mises stress on bones compared with that of PFNA and InterTAN in axial loads. In term of maximum displacement, the MPFN had a 12.6% reduction compared to the PFNA model in axial load case. In bending and torsion loads, the MPFN model also demonstrated better biomechanical properties than the PFNA and InterTAN models. The modified proximal femoral nail presented the best biomechanical performance, followed by the InterTAN nail, and the PFNA for fixing reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures. The MPFN has the potential to be a promising device for patients with ROIFs.

Abstract Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3), a member of the iron regulation protein family, is characterized by a high recurrence rate and a short survival time. Nevertheless, studies investigating the role of STEAP3 in glioblastoma (GB) are scarce. In this study, the prognostic value of STEAP3 was evaluated utilizing mRNA expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases as the validation and training cohorts, respectively. Moreover, differentially expressed genes were subjected to a functional enrichment analysis. The relationship between STEAP3 and the tumor microenvironment (TME) was examined. The immunophenoscore (IPS) and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score were used to investigate response to immunotherapy. In all cohorts, GB patients with higher STEAP3 expression levels exhibited shorter overall survival (OS). Additionally, STEAP3-associated genes were primarily implicated in leukocyte migration, the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. In the STEAP3 high-expression group, the ESTIMATEScore, ImmuneScore, StromalScore, and IPS were significantly higher. Overall, our results highlighted that STEAP3 might serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker for GB. Additionally, it might regulate the TME and influence GB metastasis.

Abstract As a traditional Chinese medicine formula used in clinical practice for an extended period, Suxin-Hugan-Fang (SXHGF) exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory properties. However, the efficacy of SXHGF in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) and its mechanism of action are still unclear. In this study, the therapeutic effects of SXHGF on UC were evaluated using network pharmacology and experimental validation, while also investigating its mechanism of action. By administering DSS to C57BL/6 mice to construct a mouse model of ulcerative colitis, the therapeutic effect of SXHGF on ulcerative colitis was evaluated based on weight loss percentage, disease activity index, colon length changes, and pathological conditions as indicators. The main chemical components of SXHGF were determined by LC-MS-QTOF method. The potential targets and mechanisms of action of SXHGF in the treatment of UC were inferred using bioinformatics methods, and further validated through ELISA, IHC, and Western blotting assays. The experimental results demonstrate that SXHGF can suppress oxidative stress and oxidative damage in the colon tissue of UC mice, and alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 and NFκB pathways.

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the biomechanical performance of the Gamma 3 nail with an anti-rotation screw (GNS) and compare it to two established gold-standard methods for treating unstable femoral neck fractures (UFNFs). Synthetic bone models were prepared with Pauwels’ type III osteotomy and an additional posterior wedge. Three different implant configurations were tested: three cannulated crews (3CS) in an inverted triangle configuration, a dynamic hip screw with an anti-rotation screw (DHSS), and GNS. Non-destructive cyclic axial loading was applied at 7° adduction, with 1000 cycles ranging from 100 to 1000 N. Subsequently, a construct failure test was conducted using progressive axial compression, and fracture reduction loss was recorded. The average axial stiffness was 321 ± 52 N/mm for 3CS, 430 ± 71 N/mm for DHSS, and 519 ± 104 N/mm for GNS. The average ultimate failure loads were 2699.3 N for 3CS, 3427.1 N for DHSS, and 3758.9 N for GNS. GNS demonstrated significantly greater axial stiffness compared to the other two groups (P

Abstract Rockburst present substantial hazards in both deep underground construction and shallow depths, underscoring the critical need for accurate prediction methods. This study addressed this need by collecting and analyzing 69 real datasets of rockburst occurring within a 500 m burial depth, which posed challenges due to the dataset's multi-categorized, unbalanced, and small nature. Through a rigorous comparison and screening process involving 11 machine learning algorithms and optimization with KMeansSMOKE oversampling, the Random Forest algorithm emerged as the most optimal choice. Efficient adjustment of hyper parameter was achieved using the Optuna framework. The resulting KMSORF model, which integrates KMeansSMOKE, Optuna, and Random Forest, demonstrated superior performance compared to mainstream models such as Gradient Boosting (GB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XBG), and Extra Trees (ET). Application of the model in a tungsten mine and tunnel project showcased its ability to accurately forecast rockburst levels, thereby providing valuable insights for risk management in underground construction. Overall, this study contributes to the advancement of safety measures in underground construction by offering an effective predictive model for rockburst occurrences.

Abstract How to deal with large tibial bone defects is still controversial. The purpose of this research was to compare the semi-focal bone transport (SFBT) technique with traditional bone transport (TBT) technique for treating such patients. Sixty-two patients were included and retrospectively analyzed. In all cases, after radical debridement large tibial bone defects remained. Patients were treated by the SFBT or TBT technique. The distraction, consolidation duration and complications were recorded by the patients’ medical files. Based on the Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) standard, the bone and functional results were evaluated. The mean bone defect size was 7.7 ± 1.6 cm and 7.5 ± 2.1 cm for SFBT and TBT patients. The mean external fixation index (EFI) was 1.51 ± 0.14 months/cm and 1.89 ± 0.25 months/cm for SFBT and TBT patients (p 0.05). The mean number of complications per patient was 1.1 ± 0.6 and 1.6 ± 0.7 for SFBT and TBT patients (p

Abstract Osteoporosis is usually caused by excessive bone resorption and energy metabolism plays a critical role in the development of osteoporosis. However, little is known about the role of energy metabolism-related genes in osteoporosis. This study aimed to explore the important energy metabolism-related genes involved in the development of osteoporosis and develop a diagnosis signature for osteoporosis. The GSE56814, GSE62402, and GSE7158 datasets were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus. The intersection of differentially expressed genes between high and low levels of body mineral density (BMD) and genes related to energy metabolism were screened as differentially expressed energy metabolism genes (DE-EMGs). Subsequently, a DE-EMG-based diagnostic model was constructed and differential expression of genes in the model was validated by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve and nomogram model were constructed to evaluate the predictive ability of the diagnostic model. Finally, the immune cell types in the merged samples and networks associated with the selected optimal DE-EMGs were constructed. A total of 72 overlapped genes were selected as DE-EMGs, and a five DE-EMG based diagnostic model consisting B4GALT4, ADH4, ACAD11, B4GALT2, and PPP1R3C was established. The areas under the curve of the five genes in the merged training dataset and B4GALT2 in the validation dataset were 0.784 and 0.790, respectively. Moreover, good prognostic prediction ability was observed using the nomogram model (C index = 0.9201; P = 5.507e−14). Significant differences were observed in five immune cell types between the high- and low-BMD groups. These included central memory, effector memory, and activated CD8 T cells, as well as regulatory T cells and activated B cells. A network related to DE-EMGs was constructed, including hsa-miR-23b-3p, DANCR, 17 small-molecule drugs, and two Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including metabolic pathways and pyruvate metabolism. Our findings highlighted the important roles of DE-EMGs in the development of osteoporosis. Furthermore, the DANCR/hsa-miR-23b-3p/B4GALT4 axis might provide novel molecular insights into the process of osteoporosis development.

Abstract In current five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machining, the use of minute linear path segments as an approximation for the ideal cutter contacting (CC) point trajectory is still prevalent. However, introducing rotation axes leads to a deviation of the actual CC point trajectory from the ideal, resulting in nonlinear errors. An integrated method is proposed in this paper for compensating and correcting both the contour error, associated with the approximation of the part surface by the ideal CC point trajectory and the nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory based on the information in the CC point data. By analyzing the spatial relationship between the tool posture and the CC point path during the five-axis linear interpolation process, two adjacent machining tool positions containing CC point data information are selected as the starting and ending points of the five-axis linear interpolation machining. The ideal tool center point and the actual CC point are calculated during the interpolation process, as well as the distance and the unit vector in the perpendicular direction between the actual CC point and the ideal CC point trajectory segment. In the comprehensive error compensation and correction phase, the obtained unit vectors are used as direction vectors for error compensation, and the tool center point during interpolation is first compensated and corrected. This ensures the actual CC point and the contour curve are on the same plane. The compensation direction for contour error is calculated using the start/end tool axis vectors and the ideal CC point trajectory vectors. The size of the contour error approximating the contour curve is calculated through the chord error. A second compensation and correction are applied to the tool center point for interpolation, ultimately achieving comprehensive compensation and correction of nonlinear errors. The data calculations were conducted in the MATLAB environment using actual machining data. After compensation and correction, the contour error was reduced by 76%, the nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory decreased to below 0.88 μm, and the comprehensive nonlinear error of the CC point trajectory was reduced from 19 to 1.5 μm, a reduction of 93%. This demonstrates significant practical value in enhancing the accuracy of five-axis CNC machining. Through actual machining verification, after using the method described in this paper, the average surface roughness decreased from 1.133 to 0.220 μm, and the maximum surface roughness decreased from 6.667 to 1.240 μm. This significantly demonstrates that the compensation and correction method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the surface quality of machined parts.

Abstract In the field of data analysis, it is often faced with a large number of missing values, especially in metabolomics data, this problem is more prominent. Data imputation is a common method to deal with missing metabolomics data, while traditional data imputation methods usually ignore the differences in missing types, and thus the results of data imputation are not satisfactory. In order to discriminate the missing types of metabolomics data, a missing data classification model (PX-MDC) based on particle swarm algorithm and XGBoost is proposed in this paper. First, the missing values in a given missing data set are obtained by panning the missing values to obtain the largest subset of complete data, and then the particle swarm algorithm is used to search for the concentration threshold of missing data and the proportion of low concentration deletions as a percentage of overall deletions. Next, the missing data are simulated based on the search results. Finally, the training data are trained using the XGBoost model using the feature set proposed in this paper in order to build a classifier for the missing data. The experimental results show that the particle swarm algorithm is able to match the traditional enumeration method in terms of accuracy and significantly reduce the search time in concentration threshold search. Compared with the current mainstream methods, the PX-MDC model designed in this paper exhibits higher accuracy and is able to distinguish different deletion types for the same metabolite. This study is expected to make an important breakthrough in metabolomics data imputation and provide strong support for research in related fields.

Abstract Posterolateral (PL)-depression fractures of the tibial plateau are difficult to manage. The aim of this study was: (1) to present our experience with a novel technique of robot-assisted percutaneous reduction and fixation and (2) to compare it with the traditional percutaneous screw osteosynthesis (PSO) technique for the treatment of PL-depression tibial plateau fractures. The clinical data of patients with PL-depression tibial plateau fractures treated by robot-assisted percutaneous reduction and fixation technique and traditional PSO technique from January 2017 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, there were 18 cases in the robot-assisted group (RA group) and 23 cases in the PSO group. All fractures were unilateral, closed and fresh PL-depression fractures of the tibial plateau. Patients in the RA group were treated by robot assisted reduction and minimally invasive absorbable screw fixation. The PSO group was treated by closed reduction and percutaneous absorbable screw osteosynthesis. The incision length, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fluoroscopic times, inpatient time, weight training time and postoperative complications of the two groups were statistically analyzed. The Rasmussen radiological score was used to assess the reduction quality after operation while the Rasmussen functional score was used to evaluate knee joint functions at one year postoperatively. All patients were followed for at least one year. There was no significant difference in demographic information between the two groups (p > 0.05). Compared with the PSO group, the RA group showed less fluoroscopic times and better Rasmussen radiological and functional scores (p 0.05). The novel robot-assisted percutaneous reduction and fixation technique had the characteristics of less radiation, accurate reduction and fixation. It could accelerate the rehabilitation of patients with PL-depression fractures of the tibial plateau and enable patients to obtain good joint functions.

Abstract Surgical management of posterolateral tibial plateau (PLTP) fractures is challenging. One reason for this challenge is the lack of suitable internal fixation devices. Our aim was to introduce a novel plate via the anterolateral approach for managing PLTP fractures. The biomechanical testing and finite element analysis (FEA) were performed. PLTP fracture models were created using synthetic tibias (n = 10 within each group). These models were randomly assigned to three groups (groups A-C) and fixed with the lateral locking plate, the posterior buttress plate, and the novel plate, respectively. The vertical displacement of the posterolateral fragments was evaluated using biomechanical testing and FEA under axial loads of 250 N, 500 N, and 750 N. We also evaluated the stress distribution and maximum stress of each fracture model using FEA. Biomechanically, under the same loads of 250 N, 500 N, or 750 N, the vertical displacement was significantly different among the three fixation groups (p ≤ 0.001). FEA data indicated that the maximum displacement from group A to C was 3.58 mm, 3.23 mm, and 2.78 mm at 750 N, respectively. The maximum stress from group A to C was 220.88 MPa, 194.63 MPa, and 156.77 MPa in implants, and 62.02 MPa, 77.71 MPa, and 54.15 MPa in bones at 750 N, respectively. The general trends at 250 N and 500 N were consistent with those at 750 N. Based on our biomechanical and FEA results, the novel plate could be a good option for treating PLTP fractures. The novel plate showed stable and reliable features, indicating its suitability for further clinical application.

Abstract This study takes the slider-crank mechanism with revolute joint and translational joint as the research object and studies the contact force model of the clearance joint and the influence of the hybrid clearance joints on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the mechanism. A modified contact force model is established based on the simplified elastic oscillator model, which can be used as a normal force in clearance joint. In the new contact force model, the component n of the indentation depth can be arbitrarily selected and it can support the calculation of contact force for both fully elastic recovery, non-elastic recovery and fully inelastic recovery. Based on the LuGre friction model, the tangential friction model of the clearance joint is given. Thus, the normal force and tangential force during the dynamic contact of the clearance joint are formed. Combining Lagrange’s equations of the first kind with the modified normal force and tangential friction force, the dynamic equations of the multi-body system with clearance joints are established. The Baumgarte stabilization method is used to improve the numerical stability. The correctness of the dynamic prediction model in the mechanism with clearance joint is verified by experiment. The dynamic analysis of the slider-crank mechanism with mixed clearance joints shows that the revolute clearance joint has a greater influence on the mechanism than the translational clearance, and the revolute clearance joint plays a leading role in the dynamic response.

Abstract Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common tumor type. High recurrence rates remain an important factor affecting the survival and quality of life of advanced LSCC patients. We aimed to build a new nomogram and a random survival forest model using machine learning to predict the risk of LSCC progress. The study included 671 patients with AJCC stages III–IV LSCC. To develop a prognostic model, Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between clinic-pathologic factors and disease-free survival (DFS). RSF analysis was also used to predict the DFS of LSCC patients. The ROC curve revealed that the Cox model exhibited good sensitivity and specificity in predicting DFS in the training and validation cohorts (1 year, validation AUC = 0.679, training AUC = 0.693; 3 years, validation AUC = 0.716, training AUC = 0.655; 5 years, validation AUC = 0.717, training AUC = 0.659). Random survival forest analysis showed that N stage, clinical stage, and postoperative chemoradiotherapy were prognostically significant variables associated with survival. The random forest model exhibited better prediction ability than the Cox regression model in the training cohort; however, the two models showed similar prediction ability in the validation cohort.

Abstract For Schatzker type II split-depressed tibial plateau fractures involving the fractures of anterolateral and posterolateral columns (APC), the optimal fixation scheme is controversial. The objectives of this study were: (1) to introduce a newly designed plate for treating APC fractures via biomechanical tests and finite element analysis (FEA), and (2) to compare it with two conventional fixation methods. APC fracture models were created and randomly assigned to three groups (Groups A-C). Group A was fixed with a 3.5-mm lateral locking plate, Group B was fixed with a 3.5-mm lateral locking plate and two 3.5-mm cannulated screws (hybrid fixation). Group C was fixed with the newly designed plate. It is an arched locking plate for fixing the lateral tibial plateau via the anterolateral supra-fibular-head approach. Each fracture model experienced a gradually increasing axial compressive load ranging from 250 to 750 N using a customized indenter. Biomechanical analysis demonstrated that the newly designed plate showed the minimum displacement among the three methods, followed by the hybrid fixation method. Conversely, the 3.5-mm lateral locking plate displayed the maximum displacement in APC fractures (p

Abstract Segmental femoral bone defects are a severe challenge for orthopedic trauma surgeons. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of the shortening/re-lengthening and nailing (SRN) technique with the traditional bone transport (BT) technique in treating patients with such defects. A retrospective study was conducted involving 46 patients with segmental femoral bone defects, with 21 cases treated using the SRN technique (SRN group) and 25 cases managed with the traditional BT technique (BT group). The mean length of the bone defect was 5.8 ± 1.1 cm in the SRN group and 6.1 ± 1.6 cm in the BT group. Various parameters including time in frame, external fixation index, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, bone healing scores, limb function scores, and complications were recorded. The mean time in frame for the SRN group was 3.7 ± 1.4 months, significantly shorter than the 9.4 ± 3.7 months observed in the BT group (p

Abstract Most of the current mainstream 6D pose estimation methods use template or voting-based methods. Such methods are usually multi-stage or have multiple assumptions and post-correction, which will cause a certain degree of information redundancy and increase the computational cost, their real-time detection performance is poor. We point out that traditional path aggregation networks introduce new errors, therefore, we propose a loss function: MagicCubeLoss, a portable module: MagicCubeNet, and the corresponding 6D pose estimation model: MagicCubePose. MagicCubePose has good expansion performance and can build more efficient models for different calculation power and scenarios. Experiments show that our model has good real-time detection performance and the highest ADD(-S) accuracy.

Abstract This retrospective study compared proximal bone transport and distal bone transport in a series of cases diagnosed with large segmental tibial defects. Patients with a tibial segmental defect (> 5 cm) were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-nine patients were treated using proximal bone transport technique (PBT group) and 21 cases were managed by distal bone transport technique (DBT group). We recorded the demographic information, operation indexes, external fixation index (EFI), visual analog score (VAS), limb function scores, and complications. Patients were followed for 24–52 months. There was no significant difference in operation time, blood loss, time in frame, EFI and HSS score between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the PBT group displayed better clinical effects than the DBT group, including higher AOFAS scores, lower VAS, and complication incidence (p

Abstract In the present study, we presented our experience with a new modified technique of shortening and re-lengthening using a monolateral external frame combined with a calcaneal intramedullary nail and compared it with the bone transport technique for the treatment of distal tibial periarticular post-traumatic defects. Forty-one patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 19 were treated using our modified shortening and re-lengthening technique (MSR group) and 22 by bone transport (BT group). The difference in external fixation time (EFT), external fixation index (EFI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and complications were compared between the two groups. The mean EFT was 3.4 ± 0.6 months in the MSR group and 7.5 ± 1.4 months in the BT group; the EFI was 0.57 ± 0.06 month/cm and 1.32 ± 0.23 month/cm, respectively. The EFT, EFI, and SAS scores were significantly lower in the MSR group than in the BT Group (p

Abstract In the paper, adaptive neural fuzzy (ANF) PID control is applied on the stability analysis of phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) zero-voltage switch (ZVS) circuit, which is used in battery chargers of electric vehicles. At first, the small-signal mathematical model of the circuit is constructed. Then, by fuzzing the parameters of PID, a closed-loop system of the small-signal mathematical model is established. Further, after training samples collected from the fuzzy PID system by adaptive neural algorithm, an ANF PID controller is utilized to build a closed-loop system. Finally, the characteristics of stability, overshoot and response speed of the mathematical model and circuit model systems are analyzed. According to the simulation results of PSFB ZVS circuit, the three control strategies have certain optimizations in overshoot and adjustment time. Among them, the optimization effect of PID control in closed-loop system is the weakest. From the results of small-signal model and circuit model, the ANF PID system has highest optimization. Experiments demonstrate that the ANF PID system gives satisfactory control performance and meets the expectation of optimization design.

In a recent experiment, signatures of Majorana fermion (MF) were found in the vortex core threading a heterostructure composed of n layers of topological insulator (TI) deposited on a bulk s-wave superconductor. Here we provide strong theoretical support to the experiment. First, we demonstrate that MFmodes appear on both top and bottom layers of TI, and are well separated for n ∼ 6. The topMFbecomes more extended with increasing n, in agrement with the experiment. Second, we show both analytically and numerically that right at the vortex core the MF mode is always accompanied by another low energy bound state, leading to a zero-bias peak plus a side peak in the local density of states (LDOS) therein. However, a local scalar impurity at the core can wipe out the accompanying side-peak state while leaving the zero-energy MF mode intact. Consequently the LDOS becomes symmetric about the fermi level, and the peak does not branch near the vortex core, in agreement with the experiment. Finally but unfortunately, while the MF is extremely stable against a single local impurity, the stability in terms of the critical impurity strength is reduced drastically for a moderate concentration (e.g., 10%) of impurities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Projection of future drought is often involved large uncertainties from climate models, emission scenarios as well as drought definitions. In this study, we investigate changes in future droughts in the conterminous United States based on 97 1/8 degree hydro-climate model projections. Instead of focusing on a specific drought type, we investigate changes in meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought as well as the concurrences. Agricultural and hydrological droughts are projected to become more frequent with increase in global mean temperature, while less meteorological drought is expected. Changes in drought intensity scale linearly with global temperature rises under RCP8.5 scenario, indicating the potential feasibility to derive future drought severity given certain global warming amount under this scenario. Changing pattern of concurrent droughts generally follows that of agricultural and hydrological droughts. Under the 1.5 °C warming target as advocated in recent Paris agreement, several hot spot regions experiencing highest droughts are identified. Extreme droughts show similar patterns but with much larger magnitude than the climatology. This study highlights the distinct response of droughts of various types to global warming and the asymmetric impact of global warming on drought distribution resulting in a much stronger influence on extreme drought than on mean drought.

Based on the possible superconducting (SC) pairing symmetries recently proposed, the quasiparticle interference (QPI) patterns in electron- and hole-doped Sr2IrO4 are theoretically investigated. In the electron-doped case, the QPI spectra can be explained based on a model similar to the octet model of the cuprates while in the hole-doped case, both the Fermi surface topology and the sign of the SC order parameter resemble those of the iron pnictides and there exists a QPI vector resulting from the interpocket scattering between the electron and hole pockets. In both cases, the evolution of the QPI vectors with energy and their behaviors in the nonmagnetic and magnetic impurity scattering cases can well be explained based on the evolution of the constant-energy contours and the sign structure of the SC order parameter. The QPI spectra presented in this paper can be compared with future scanning tunneling microscopy experiments to test whether there are SC phases in electron- and hole-doped Sr2IrO4 and what the pairing symmetry is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]