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The paper presents studies and researches made on machines performance, which is one of the most important component of the economic performance of a farm. We made measurements for determination of work quality and energetic index for tractors, considering that tractors are the main energetic power used in modern agriculture anywhere, that is why the improving of the quality and energetic index of tractors and machines is very important. The aim of the research is to improve power performances and to increase the efficiency of tractors and agricultural machines. The productivity is one of the most significant characteristics of tractors and agricultural machines, especially of harvesting machines, which are the most important machines for harvesting cereals. We wanted to emphasize that designing and making these complex agricultural machines has much evolved in the last years, from the productivity point of view and from the design and interior comfort as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important stage in the agricultural process is harvesting. In this particular stage, the mower machines are some of the most important machines for harvesting forages used in agriculture, that is why we made this study. These machines are usually attached to tractors for a better efficiency. The paper presents some studies on mower machines, which are analised after their cutting apparatus and their work width. Thus, are presented the mower with cutting apparatus through shearing, with cutting appartus with back and forth motion of the knife, then rotary mowers. Also, in the paper are presented and analised some technical characteristics of mowers, which influence their economic performances. From the economic point of view, considering the engine mowers, we concluded that the mowers with 2 knives have a better work capacity, at the same width of mowed furrow, compared to borne mowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper goal was to analyze the technical endowment in terms of machinery in Romania's agriculture in the period 2007-2015 and to identify the main trends and problems which affect performance and competitiveness. In the analyzed period, the park of tractors and machinery increased as follows: tractors by 14.5%, ploughs by 13.9%, cultivators by 11.3%, seeders by 14.6%, combines for cereals by 11.4 and for fodder by 17%, machines for potatoes harvesting by 43.5%, presses for hay and straw by 121.7%, only windrowers and sprayers and dusters declined by 1.2%, respectively, by 2.6%. Despite this slight increase, the structure of agricultural machinery is still an uncorresponding one for keeping pace with new technologies. The utilized agricultural area (UAA) increased and as a result the UAA per tractor declined from 44.5 ha to 41.3, which is also a good aspect. Despite that agricultural production increase, its performance is not supported by mechanization mainly in the small sized holdings. The replacement of the existing old machinery with a high usage degree, whose repairs are costing, is obviously needed and requires substantial financial resources. the continuous growth of farm inputs price and the low price at farm gate for agricultural products do not assure farmers enough income to modernize mechanization. The Romanian Government should allocate a higher percentage from budget to agriculture for improving the park of tractors and agricultural machinery. Also, the financial aid per ha coming from the EU should be equitably divided among member states. Farmers need a better endowment in their farms to apply modern technologies and increase production, quality of agricultural products, economic efficiency and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]