1. DECOMPOSIÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS CULTURAIS E LIBERAÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO PARA A CULTURA DO MILHO
- Author
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R. D. Medrado, Claudete Reisdorfer Lang, Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho, Édina Cristiane Pereira Lopes, Ester de Moura Rios, and Anibal de Moraes
- Subjects
biology ,Chemistry ,Randomized block design ,Soil Science ,Forage ,Plant Science ,Lolium multiflorum ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Vicia ,Dry weight ,Grazing ,Avena strigosa ,Grain yield ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a decomposicao da materia seca inicial e a liberacao de nitrogenio (N) das diferentes coberturas invernais para a subsequente cultura do milho. O trabalho foi realizado em uma fazenda no municipio de Major Vieira-SC. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos (alternativas de cobertura do solo) e tres repeticoes. As alternativas de cobertura do solo constituiram de: a) Pastagem de aveia preta ( Avena strigosa ) + azevem ( Lolium multiflorum ) + ervilhaca ( Vicia spp.)+ trevo vesiculoso ( Trifolium vesiculosum ), com pastejo e com adubacao nitrogenada (100 kg de N); b) Pastagem de aveia preta + azevem + ervilhaca + trevo vesiculoso, com pastejo e sem adubacao nitrogenada; c) cobertura (aveia + azevem + ervilhaca + trevo vesiculoso), sem pastejo e sem adubacao nitrogenada d) nabo forrageiro ( Raphanus sativus ) em pastejo e sem adubacao nitrogenada, e e) pousio (testemunha). O tratamento nabo forrageiro apresentou as caracteristicas quimicas mais limitantes a uma rapida decomposicao e fornecimento de N para a cultura em sucessao. O tratamento consorcio cobertura por apresentar rapida liberacao inicial de N foi considerado o mais adequado para a utilizacao na sucessao com a cultura do milho. O pastejo teve influencia sobre a liberacao de N, principalmente pela menor quantidade de massa seca total produzida. A produtividade de graos de milho nao foi influenciada pelas coberturas do solo. ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the decomposition of the residual dry mass and the initial release of nitrogen from different coverages winter for the subsequent cultivation of maize. The work was conducted in Major Vieira, SC, on a family property. The experimental design was a randomized block, with five treatments (alternative soil cover) and three replications. The treatments: a) consortium of oat ( Avena strigosa ) + ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) + vetch ( Vicia spp.) + vesiculoso clover ( Trifolium vesiculosum ),, with grazing and nitrogen fertilization (100 kg of N); b) Grassland of black oat + ryegrass + vetch + clover vesiculoso, with grazing and without nitrogen fertilization; c) coverage (oat + ryegrass + vetch + vesiculoso clover), without grazing and without nitrogen fertilization; d) forage turnip ( Raphanus sativus ), without grazing and without nitrogen fertilization, and e) fallow (control). The rate of decay was measured through pockets of decomposition (litter bags), collected in seven seasons during the corn crop. The turnip forage was the treatment that was more difficult to decompose according to their chemical characteristics. This limited the supply of nitrogen for the corn crop. Treatment coverage consortium made rapid initial release of N and thus was considered the most appropriate for use in succession with the corn crop. The grazing influenced the release of nitrogen, mainly by the lower amount of total dry mass produced. The grain yield of maize was not influenced by soil cover.
- Published
- 2011
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