1. Probing the chemistry of CdS paints in The Scream by in situ noninvasive spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques
- Author
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Costanza Miliani, Annalisa Chieli, Laura Cartechini, Gert Nuyts, Frederik Vanmeert, Francesca Rosi, Letizia Monico, Jennifer Mass, Steven De Meyer, Koen Janssens, Eva Storevik Tveit, Chiara Grazia, Irina Crina Anca Sandu, Wout De Nolf, Renato Pereira de Freitas, Gerald Falkenberg, Aldo Romani, and Marine Cotte
- Subjects
In situ ,Cadmium sulfate ,Synchrotron radiation ,chemistry.chemical_element ,alteration ,02 engineering and technology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,non invasive ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cadmi ,pigment ,Deterioració de materials ,Deterioration of materials ,Photodegradation ,Dissolution ,Cadmium ,Multidisciplinary ,Sulfates ,010401 analytical chemistry ,X-ray ,Espectroscòpia ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Spectrum analysis ,humanities ,Cadmium sulfide ,synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy ,0104 chemical sciences ,Textile painting ,chemistry ,Pintura sobre tela ,ddc:500 ,Sulfats ,0210 nano-technology ,Engineering sciences. Technology - Abstract
Science advances 6(20), eaay3514 - (2020). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay3514, The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)–based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic paint-ing The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the original CdS-based paint and explore the external circumstances and internal factors causing this transformation. Macroscale in situ noninvasive spectroscopy studies of the painting in combination with synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy investiga-tions of a microsample and artificially aged mock-ups show that moisture and mobile chlorine compounds are key factors for promoting the oxidation of CdS, while light (photodegradation) plays a less important role. Furthermore, under exposure to humidity, parallel/secondary reactions involving dissolution, migration through the paint, and re-crystallization of water-soluble phases of the paint are associated with the formation of cadmium sulfates., Published by Assoc., Washington, DC [u.a.]
- Published
- 2020
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