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1. Hayabusa2 arrives at the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu—A spinning top–shaped rubble pile

Author

Paul A. Abell, Eri Tatsumi, Makoto Yoshikawa, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, Manabu Yamada, Go Ono, Moe Matsuoka, Yuto Takei, Yoshiyuki Tsuda, Sei-ichiro Watanabe, J. P. Bibring, Y. Yokota, Satoshi Tanaka, Kent Yoshikawa, Rina Noguchi, Kohei Kitazato, Goro Komatsu, Koji Wada, Yuri Shimaki, Masaki Fujimoto, Atsushi Fujii, Osamu Mori, Shota Kikuchi, Takahiro Iwata, Takanobu Shimada, H. Ikeda, Masahiko Arakawa, Noriyuki Namiki, Shingo Kameda, Na. Hirata, Robert Gaskell, Shogo Tachibana, Olivier S. Barnouin, T. Takahashi, Naoki Nishikawa, C. Honda, Fuyuto Terui, K. Ogawa, Masahiro Hayakawa, Chikako Hirose, Hikaru Yabuta, Naoya Sakatani, Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Daniel J. Scheeres, Yuichiro Cho, Kei Shirai, Masateru Ishiguro, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Yuya Mimasu, Christian Krause, Hideaki Miyamoto, Tomokatsu Morota, H. Suzuki, Toru Kouyama, Hirotaka Sawada, Tetsuharu Fuse, Ryodo Hemmi, Kosuke Yoshioka, Ryudo Tsukizaki, Yuichi Iijima, M. Ozaki, S. Sugita, Takanao Saiki, Tatsuaki Okada, Stefania Soldini, Ralf Jaumann, Satoru Nakazawa, Naru Hirata, Masanao Abe, Aurelie Moussi, T. M. Ho, A. S. French, Eric Palmer, Jay W. McMahon, Koji Matsumoto, Naoko Ogawa, Satoshi Hosoda, Yukio Yamamoto, T. Sugiyama, R. Honda, Tomoki Nakamura, Hiroki Senshu, Hajime Yano, Tatsuhiro Michikami, Patrick Michel, Hideaki Kikuchi, National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), Plasma Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Hiroshima University, Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc., Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] (PSI), Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie [Hôpital Saint-Louis], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), IHP Microelctronics, Tsukuba Space Center (TKSC), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Tokyo] (JAXA), Department of Physics, Tokyo, Waseda University, Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Institute for Research on Earth Evolution [Yokosuka] (IFREE), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Advanced Materials Institute and Department of Chemistry, Fukuoka University, Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Graduate school of Mathematics, Kyoto-Kyoyo University, Department of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Nagoya Institute, University of Electro-Communications [Tokyo] (UEC), Institute of Observational Research for Global Change, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, ANR: 15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Kobe], Kobe University, Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Department of Geology and Geophysics, USDA Agricultural Research Service [Maricopa, AZ] (USDA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Rikkyo University [Tokyo], Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku, Tohoku University [Sendai], Biomécanique et génie biomédical (BIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Information Science Laboratory, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), University of Potsdam, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hokkaido Information University, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Tallinn University, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Colorado [Boulder], Central Research Institute of Electrical Power Industry, Department of Physics [Tokyo], Department of Applied Physics, University of Fukui, University of Fukui, Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), and ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015)

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Rubble, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Geometry, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Asteroid, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, Homogeneity (physics), Cubic centimetre, engineering, Sample collection, Asteroid Ryugu, Pile, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spinning, Slope stability analysis, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hayabusa2
Abstract

著者人数: 60名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS): 渡邊, 誠一郎; 野口, 里奈; 嶌生, 有理; 吉川, 真; 菊地, 翔太; 橘, 省吾; 石原, 吉明; 坂谷, 尚哉; 竹内, 央; 岡田, 達明; 安部, 正真; 山本, 幸生; 田中, 智; 白井, 慶; 松岡, 萌; 横田, 康弘; 山口, 智宏; 尾川, 順子; 三桝, 裕也; 高橋, 忠輝; 竹井, 洋; 藤井, 淳; 岩田, 隆浩; 早川, 雅彦; 細田, 聡史; 森, 治; 澤田, 弘崇; 嶋田, 貴信; Soldini, Stefania; 矢野, 創; 月崎, 竜童; 尾崎, 正伸; 飯島, 祐一; 藤本, 正樹; 照井, 冬人; 佐伯, 孝尚; 中澤, 暁; 津田, 雄一), Accepted: 2019-03-07, 資料番号: SA1180386000

Published
2019

2. Seasonal exposure of carbon dioxide ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author

Luigi Colangeli, Vito Mennella, Federico Tosi, M. Combes, D. Despan, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Andrea Cicchetti, Lydie Bonal, Bernard Schmitt, Nicolas Biver, M. Cartacci, Florence Henry, Th. Encrenaz, Romolo Politi, Michelangelo Formisano, M. A. Barucci, David Kappel, Eric Quirico, Mauro Ciarniello, Roberto Orosei, Ralf Jaumann, Andrea Longobardo, Katrin Stephan, E. Kuehrt, Fabrizio Capaccioni, Yves Langevin, Wing-Huen Ip, Gianrico Filacchione, Michael R. Combi, Gabriele Arnold, Ernesto Palomba, Giovanna Rinaldi, D. Tiphene, Y. Hello, Robert W. Carlson, Ulrich Schade, Gianfranco Magni, Alessandra Migliorini, G. P. Tozzi, Sonia Fornasier, J. Crovisier, Andrea Raponi, Pierre Beck, U. Fink, Pierre Drossart, Stefano Mottola, Enrico Flamini, M. C. De Sanctis, D. Bockelee-Morvan, Marcello Fulchignoni, Kathrin Markus, Giancarlo Bellucci, M. T. Capria, G. Peter, Davide Grassi, F. Merlin, Sergio Fonti, Costanzo Federico, Eleonora Ammannito, M. I. Blecka, Armando Blanco, Raffaella Noschese, Jean-Michel Reess, T. B. McCord, Alessandro Frigeri, C. Leyrat, Giuseppe Piccioni, Priscilla Cerroni, U. Carsenty, F. Mancarella, L. Moroz, Fredric W. Taylor, Jean-Pierre Bibring, Stéphane Erard, Johannes Benkhoff, S. Jacquinod, J. Ph. Combe, M. S. Gudipati, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Roma (IASF-Roma), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), German Aerospace Center (DLR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEAV), Institut, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson] (LPL), University of Arizona, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Lecce, Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alenia Aerospazio, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Department of Physics [Lecce], Università del Salento [Lecce], JDS Uniphase/Cronos, USA, JDS Uniphase/Cronos, IASI (IASI), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), European Space Agency (ESA), University of Oxford [Oxford], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, TWN, and NLD

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Comet nucleus, Rosetta, 0103 physical sciences, Carbon dioxide, medicine, Environmental science, Surface layer, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Nucleus, Volatility (chemistry), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Rosetta observes sublimating surface icesComets are “dirty snowballs” made of ice and dust, but they are dark because the ice sublimates away, leaving some of the dust behind on the surface. The Rosetta spacecraft has provided a close-up view of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it passes through its closest point to the Sun (see the Perspective by Dello Russo). Filacchioneet al.detected the spectral signature of solid CO2(dry ice) in small patches on the surface of the nucleus as they emerged from local winter. By modeling how the CO2sublimates, they constrain the composition of comets and how ices generate the gaseous coma and tail. Fornasieret al.studied images of the comet and discovered bright patches on the surface where ice was exposed, which disappeared as the ice sublimated. They also saw frost emerging from receding shadows. The surface of the comet was noticeably less red just after local dawn, indicating that icy material is removed by sunlight during the local day.Science, this issue p.1563, p.1566; see also p.1536

Published
2016

3. Dawn arrives at Ceres: Exploration of a small, volatile-rich world

Author

Jian-Yang Li, Julie Castillo-Rogez, Michaela Villarreal, Ralf Jaumann, Anton I. Ermakov, Carol A. Polanskey, Eleonora Ammannito, Christopher T. Russell, Frank Preusker, Michael J. Hoffmann, Thomas H. Prettyman, Lucy A. McFadden, Y. D. Jia, Maria T. Zuber, Paul M. Schenk, M. C. De Sanctis, Harry Y. McSween, Harald Hiesinger, Andreas Nathues, Scott D. King, Stefano Mottola, Alex S. Konopliv, Naoyuki Yamashita, J. P. Combe, Ottaviano Ruesch, Simone Marchi, David J. Lawrence, T. Roatsch, Peter Chi, Carol A. Raymond, T. B. McCord, Carle M. Pieters, Debra Buczkowski, Ryan S. Park, Marc D. Rayman, Steve Joy, and Roger R. Fu

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mineralogy, Extrusive, 01 natural sciences, Dawn, Astrobiology, Dome (geology), Solar wind, volatiles, Impact crater, Lithosphere, 0103 physical sciences, Ceres, Bow shock (aerodynamics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

On 6 March 2015, Dawn arrived at Ceres to find a dark, desiccated surface punctuated by small, bright areas. Parts of Ceres’ surface are heavily cratered, but the largest expected craters are absent. Ceres appears gravitationally relaxed at only the longest wavelengths, implying a mechanically strong lithosphere with a weaker deep interior. Ceres’ dry exterior displays hydroxylated silicates, including ammoniated clays of endogenous origin. The possibility of abundant volatiles at depth is supported by geomorphologic features such as flat crater floors with pits, lobate flows of materials, and a singular mountain that appears to be an extrusive cryovolcanic dome. On one occasion, Ceres temporarily interacted with the solar wind, producing a bow shock accelerating electrons to energies of tens of kilovolts.

Published
2016

4. Dawn at Vesta: Testing the Protoplanetary Paradigm

Author

Jennifer E.C. Scully, Stefano Mottola, Pasquale Tricarico, Maria T. Zuber, Carol A. Raymond, Ulrich R. Christensen, David J. Lawrence, Christopher T. Russell, Sami W. Asmar, Robert Gaskell, Ralf Jaumann, Andreas Nathues, M. E. Sykes, Timothy N. Titus, Robert C. Reedy, Ryan S. Park, Angioletta Coradini, H. U. Keller, Alex S. Konopliv, Timothy J. McCoy, Harry Y. McSween, Michael J. Toplis, David E. Smith, Thomas Roatsch, Thomas H. Prettyman, F. Preusker, William C. Feldman, and M. C. De Sanctis

Subjects
Diogenite, Eucrite, Multidisciplinary, Howardite, HED meteorites, Parent body, Dawn, Astrobiology, Vesta, Meteorite, Asteroid, Formation and evolution of the Solar System, Protoplanet, Geology
Abstract

A New Dawn Since 17 July 2011, NASA's spacecraft Dawn has been orbiting the asteroid Vesta—the second most massive and the third largest asteroid in the solar system (see the cover). Russell et al. (p. 684 ) use Dawn's observations to confirm that Vesta is a small differentiated planetary body with an inner core, and represents a surviving proto-planet from the earliest epoch of solar system formation; Vesta is also confirmed as the source of the howardite-eucrite-diogenite (HED) meteorites. Jaumann et al. (p. 687 ) report on the asteroid's overall geometry and topography, based on global surface mapping. Vesta's surface is dominated by numerous impact craters and large troughs around the equatorial region. Marchi et al. (p. 690 ) report on Vesta's complex cratering history and constrain the age of some of its major regions based on crater counts. Schenk et al. (p. 694 ) describe two giant impact basins located at the asteroid's south pole. Both basins are young and excavated enough amounts of material to form the Vestoids—a group of asteroids with a composition similar to that of Vesta—and HED meteorites. De Sanctis et al. (p. 697 ) present the mineralogical characterization of Vesta, based on data obtained by Dawn's visual and infrared spectrometer, revealing that this asteroid underwent a complex magmatic evolution that led to a differentiated crust and mantle. The global color variations detailed by Reddy et al. (p. 700 ) are unlike those of any other asteroid observed so far and are also indicative of a preserved, differentiated proto-planet.

Published
2012

5. Evidence for a Polar Ethane Cloud on Titan

Author

Vincent Boudon, Christopher P. McKay, Pascal Rannou, Robert H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, Caitlin A. Griffith, Ralf Jaumann, P. D. Nicholson, Athena Coustenis, Pierre Drossart, Paulo Penteado, Kevin H. Baines, Roger N. Clark, A. Negrao, Service d'aéronomie (SA), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
North pole, Extraterrestrial Environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Photochemistry, Infrared, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Astrobiology, Ethane Cloud, Saturnian System, Troposphere, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, VIMS, Spacecraft, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Ethane, Multidisciplinary, Atmosphere, Ice, Cold Temperature, Saturn, 13. Climate action, symbols, Polar, Cassini, Gases, Titan, Titan (rocket family), Methane, Geology
Abstract

Spectra from Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer reveal the presence of a vast tropospheric cloud on Titan at latitudes 51 degrees to 68 degrees north and all longitudes observed (10 degrees to 190 degrees west). The derived characteristics indicate that this cloud is composed of ethane and forms as a result of stratospheric subsidence and the particularly cool conditions near the moon's north pole. Preferential condensation of ethane, perhaps as ice, at Titan's poles during the winters may partially explain the lack of liquid ethane oceans on Titan's surface at middle and lower latitudes.

Published
2006

6. Results from the Mars Pathfinder Camera

Author

Mark T. Lemmon, R. M. Sablotny, James F. Bell, E. Wegryn, T. J. Parker, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Peter H. Smith, Michael C. Malin, Scott L. Murchie, R. L. Kirk, Martin G. Tomasko, Carol R. Stoker, Ralf Jaumann, H. U. Keller, L. A. Soderblom, Ryan C. Sullivan, N. Thomas, Justin N. Maki, R. J. Reid, W. Ward, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Juergen Oberst, Daniel T. Britt, Ronald Greeley, Lisa R. Gaddis, and Nathan T. Bridges

Subjects
Minerals, Multidisciplinary, Haze, Spectral signature, Extraterrestrial Environment, Atmosphere, Ice, Mars, Water, Mineralogy, Wind, Mars Exploration Program, Impactite, Martian surface, Aeolian processes, Geology, Water vapor
Abstract

Images of the martian surface returned by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) show a complex surface of ridges and troughs covered by rocks that have been transported and modified by fluvial, aeolian, and impact processes. Analysis of the spectral signatures in the scene (at 440- to 1000-nanometer wavelength) reveal three types of rock and four classes of soil. Upward-looking IMP images of the predawn sky show thin, bluish clouds that probably represent water ice forming on local atmospheric haze (opacity ∼0.5). Haze particles are about 1 micrometer in radius and the water vapor column abundance is about 10 precipitable micrometers.

Published
1997

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