1. CC CKR5: A RANTES, MIP-1α, MIP-1β Receptor as a Fusion Cofactor for Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1
- Author
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Paul E. Kennedy, Christopher C. Broder, Edward A. Berger, Christophe Combadiere, Yu Feng, Philip Murphy, and Ghalib Alkhatib
- Subjects
Receptors, CCR5 ,Chemokine receptor CCR5 ,G protein ,T-Lymphocytes ,viruses ,Giant Cells ,Membrane Fusion ,Cell Fusion ,Mice ,Receptors, HIV ,Heterotrimeric G protein ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Animals ,Humans ,Receptors, Cytokine ,Chemokine CCL4 ,Chemokine CCL5 ,Chemokine CCL3 ,Multidisciplinary ,Cell fusion ,biology ,Macrophages ,Monokines ,Gene Products, env ,virus diseases ,3T3 Cells ,Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins ,Chemokine receptor binding ,Beta Chemokine ,Chemokine Receptor Gene ,Molecular biology ,Recombinant Proteins ,Coreceptor activity ,CD4 Antigens ,HIV-1 ,biology.protein ,Chemokines ,HeLa Cells - Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) entry requires fusion cofactors on the CD4+ target cell. Fusin, a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor, serves as a cofactor for T cell line-tropic isolates. The chemokines RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta, which suppress infection by macrophage-tropic isolates, selectively inhibited cell fusion mediated by the corresponding envelope glycoproteins (Envs). Recombinant CC CKR5, a G protein-coupled receptor for these chemokines, rendered CD4-expressing nonhuman cells fusion-competent preferentially with macrophage-tropic Envs. CC CKR5 messenger RNA was detected selectively in cell types susceptible to macrophage-tropic isolates. CC CKR5 is thus a fusion cofactor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains.
- Published
- 1996
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