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The article offers information on the retraction of papers from a genetics journal due to concerns about informed consent for study participants, particularly from ethnic minorities in China.

The article reports that the journals "Transplantation," and 'PLOS ONE," have retracted a total of 15 papers on studies involving transplanted organs in recent weeks. The author informs that the journals have taken such action because editors concluded they may have come from executed Chinese prisoners. It states that China banned the use of prisoner organs for transplantation only in 2015.

Presents a list of papers and research reports authored by Chinese scientists most cited as references for other papers and research. Author; Institution; Journal where published; Topic.

The article offers information on paid authorship practice in China and mentions about a paper accepted by "International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology" seeking for paid authors and got published on July 6, 2013. It informs that the company Wanfang Huizhi sells the title of cancer paper's co–first author for 90,000 yuan. It mentions about "publish Science Citation Index (SCI) paper" agencies who sell scientific papers. INSET: An Aura of Legitimacy.

The article reports that China is leading in the number of science and technology (S&T) clusters, as indicated by their top ranking in the Global Innovation Index based on patent applications and scientific papers and mentions that China is surpassing the U.S. in S&T clusters.

The article highlights China's high internal citation rate, with over 60 percent of citations to Chinese institution papers originating from within China, raising concerns about intentional efforts to boost reputation and its impact on high citation rates.

The article reports that according to Japan's National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), China gained the first position in the number of most cited papers, which is an important measure of research impact. It mentions the statistics related to this report and about the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) addressing the problem with the NISTEP's selection criteria.

The article reports on the effort of the government in China in restricting fraud in peer review of academic writing since a number of authors on different retracted papers are scheduled to face disciplinary action. The retraction of a number of papers from journals published from 2012 to 2016 after periodical editors found reason to believe that the peer review process was compromised is explored. The implementation of zero tolerance policies with the restriction is also mentioned.

The article discusses research on genes involved in hypoxia adaptation among indigenous residents of high-altitude plateaus of Central Asia, the Andes, and Tibet. Referenced research includes papers by Simonson et al. and Yi et al. elsewhere in the issue and a paper by C.M. Beall et al. in a 2010 issue of the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A." These papers are said to indicate that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) genes in the oxygen signaling pathway are strongly selected in the genetics of Tibetan highlanders. The article discusses the use of screening of genome-wide DNA sequence variations (polymorphisms) to resolve the contributions of chromosomal regions to high-altitude adaptation.

Articles in the issue are introduced including a paper by Schmidt et al. on use of the Hubble Space Telescope to characterize the protoplanet 2 Pallas located in the main asteroid belt, a paper by Cheng et al. on dating of rocky cave deposits in China that are indicative of climate history, and a paper by Ji et al. on ear-related anatomical distinctions in mammals.

The article reports on the peer-review scams in China's research community, in which scientists used fake peer reviews to publish papers. Topics discussed include the move of the Chinese government to crack down these scientists, the investigation conducted by the nonprofit organization China Association for Science and Technology, and the move of some scientific publisher including the London, England-based BioMed Central, to retract papers.

Although no country to date has released a major geneticallymodified (GM) food grain crop, China is on the threshold ofcommercializing GM rice. This paper studies two of the four CM varietiesthat are now in farm-level preproduction trials, the last step beforecommercialization. Farm surveys of randomly selected farm householdsthat are cultivating the insect-resistant GM rice varieties, without theaid of experimental station technicians, demonstrate that when comparedwith households cultivating non-GM rice, small and poor farm householdsbenefit from adopting GM rice by both higher crop yields and reduced useof pesticides, which also contribute to improved health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article elaborates on the release of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and American Association for the Advancement of Science's (AAAS) collection of 31 major papers in Beijing, China. These papers were published in the publication and were translated into Chinese. The move is considered the first major project completed as part of its emerging engagement between the two organization. It was launched during the news conference on May 7, 2008 and was published by China Science Press. The achievement was applauded by leaders of the two organizations as a benefit to global science education and as an augur of future cooperative ventures between the Academy and AAAS.

The article reports on a paper release by the European Union which stipulates that Asian research funding could soon eclipse European public and private spending on research and development. It is stated that China could overtake the European Union by 2009 in terms of research and development spending as a percentage of gross domestic product. In addition, the paper also noted that the European industry contributed less to research. There was only 55 percent of total research and development spending in comparison with 64 percent in the U.S. and 67 percent in China.

Comments on research programs and the publication of research papers by the National Astronomical Observatories of China's Academy of Science. Policies on the publishing of research papers; Publishing incentives for staff; Selection criteria for the Knowledge Innovation Program.

The article discusses governmental incentives for researchers to publish their findings in international journals, arguing that the lack of increase in the number of articles published by U.S. scientists is attributable to international competition created by changes in incentives. The authors of the study looked at the number of papers submitted to the journal "Science" by scientists in the U.S. as well as in countries such as Great Britain, New Zealand, and China which reward publications with cash bonuses, funding, and career-based incentives. They conclude that such incentives are positively correlated with the number of both submissions and publications.

The article discusses the national outcry that has arisen due to the firing of an associate professor at Zhejiang University (Zheda) in Hangzhou, China. He Haibo was cited for scientific misconduct after allegedly fabricating data in journal articles on traditional Chinese medicine. Many people are criticizing the way that this situation was handled. Chinese academician Li Lianda technically oversees the goings on of the lab in which He worked, but spends the majority of time at his main lab in Beijing. A history of He's plagiarism is provided. Harold Garner of Texas Southwestern Medical Center has analyzed further papers for signs of academic misconduct.

The article comments on the paper by S.-S. Liu and colleagues, which offers unique insights into how one type of the sweet potato whitefly was able to spread throughout China and Australia and replaced indigenous subtypes. It is pointed out that these displacements should be considered as a complete victory of the invading whiteflies and that it remains to be seen whether populations of the indigenous biotypes still exist and respond to the invaders.

This article reports that global health experts trying to stave off a deadly pandemic of avian flu are alarmed by recent actions they see as counterproductive and even dangerous. Vietnam has been slow to report 10 new human cases, and farmers in China have reportedly been giving an antiviral drug to chickens that may have made the virus resistant to one of the few drugs available to fight human flu. Some bird flu experts are equally alarmed by China's veterinary use of the human antiviral drug amantadine, as reported in June 18, 2005 issue of the periodical "Washington Post." According to the paper, drug makers and other sources in China admitted that the drug has been sold cheaply to farmers and given to poultry both as a treatment and a prophylactic since the late 1990s. Most of the H5N1 strains isolated in the current outbreak in Asia are resistant to amantadine, but establishing a firm link with China's use of the drug would require extensive data on where, when, and how much of the drug was used. Still, given the threat of a pandemic and the dearth of flu drugs, the only alternative to amantadine and a cousin is oseltamivir, or Tamiflu, which is more expensive and harder to produce, antivirals should probably not be used for animal flu infection at all.

Presents news briefs related to various scientific explorations around the world as of June 6, 2003. Explanation provided by a team at the University of Manchester in England regarding creation of a powerful, reusable adhesive tape; Events associated with rescue of Boxgrove, the site of the oldest human fossil ever found in Great Britain from reburial; Effect of creation of the Great Wall of China on gene flows between plants.

The author reflects on science research in China and studying science in the West. He states that there is a scarcity of experts in China as a result of the Cultural Revolution and mentions that Chinese priorities have shifted from the publication of papers to innovations. He mentions studying physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Physics and moving to the United States to stay with his wife and daughter, who'd decided they wanted to stay in the U.S.

This editorial suggests that China is involved in a process of modernization that possesses a magnitude never before seen and discusses how great achievements in science and technological innovation are tied to this movement. The country ranks among the top nations in papers published and patent applications filed. It has also made large advances in the realms of manned space flight, third-generation telecommunications technology, and large-scale integrated circuits.

The article reports that the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture has allowed international scientists to analyze the samples of H5N1 avian influenza, collected from poultry during 2004 and 2005. In the first week of November 2006, the samples were sent to a U.S. laboratory, associated with the World Health Organization. Recently, a research paper published in the journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences," speculated about a new strain of H5N1. And China was being criticized for not cooperating with international health organizations.

The article examines the factors that initiated the formation of the Taklimakan Desert in Tarim Basin, China. They have analyzed the surface microtexture and particle size of the interbedded light yellow silt from the Xiyu and Artux Formations. The paper provides stratigraphic evidence for the onset of dune building in the Tarim Basin. The investigations indicate that the dominant direction of sand dune movement is northeasterly. The study also suggested that central Tibet had an elevation of about 4 kilometer by at least 35 million years ago.

This article focuses on the concern of the Chinese scientists about the chaotic way scientific misconduct allegations in China are being published. More than 120 Chinese researchers have signed a letter calling on research agencies to create an official process for addressing such charges. The appeal was triggered by a heated Internet debate on the credibility of two biomedicine papers by Wei Vuquan, vice president of Sichuan University in Chengdu.

This article reports that the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture sharply criticized a paper published online by the periodical "Nature," last week suggesting that an outbreak of H5N1 avian influenza among wild birds in northwest China originated from apparently unreported outbreaks among poultry in southern China. The researchers defend their results and worry that the ministry's reaction may lead to overly strict enforcement of new guidelines on handling the H5N1 virus. The brief report by Honglin Chen of Shantou University Medical College and colleagues there and at the University of Hong Kong and other institutions, posted on July 6, claims that the virus recovered from wild birds at Qinghai Lake is a genetic match to one found among poultry earlier this year at a live market in China's Guangdong Province. The following day, China's official Xinhua News Agency quoted Jia Youling, director general of the Agriculture Ministry's Veterinary Bureau, questioning the article's credibility because H5N1 has not been reported in Guangdong this year.

Describes the accomplishments and life of the gifted Chinese mathematician Hua Lo-Keng. Hua is noted for his efforts in popularizing mathematics and for his work in number theory, in particular his contributions to Waring's problem. Hua has published 150 papers in respected journals and is the author of nine books. (Author/DS)