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Focuses on quantum computing. History of quantum computers; Benefits of quantum computing; Comparison between quantum computing and the classical Shannon information; Importance of the discovery of entangled particles.

Reports on the development of an ultrafast way to manipulate bits of quantum data. Use of a trio of vanishingly brief laser pulses; Importance of the ability to manipulate quantum information very quickly; Tendency of qubits in solid state devices to decohere in about ten nanoseconds; All-optical processing of electron spins in a solid.

Presents updates on science in the United States as of September 2000. Development of Drosophila embryos; Application of quantum computers; Details on the interaction of benzene with orbitals of metals.

Reports on a realization of Grover's search algorithm using a single atom as a quantum processor. Factors that have attracted so much attention to the emerging filed of quantum computing; Where the power of quantum computing was derived; Concerns in the field of quantum information processing.

Discusses quantum cryptography, which is poised to give a means of communication more private than any other. Recent advances that have led to success on two fronts; Problem these protocols solve; Use of quantum key distribution (QKD); Efforts by Lo and Chau and Mayers et al.

Reports on the progress of quantum computing research. Report in `Nature' that describes the work of physicist Yasunobu Nakamura; Creation of the first electrically controlled bit of quantum data, a qubit, in an electronic device; Theory that it could be reproduced manyfold.

The article presents information on hybrid technologies for quantum computers to allow long-distance coupling between spin qubits in quantum dots through interactions with a superconducting microwave cavity, with a focus on physicists' research on spin-orbit interactions based on electron spins.

The article discusses physicists Serge Haroche and David Wineland, the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics winners for their experiments in quantum physics. Haroche's research on cavity quantum electrodynamics is explored, particularly his work demonstrating the quantum state described in the Schrödinger's cat theory. Wineland and team focused on the trapping and manipulation of the spin state of ions to perform logic computations, research that could aid in the development of the quantum computer.

The article discusses the development of quantum computers which will harness the power of quantum mechanics and outperform classical computers in the performance of calculations and searches. Topics include an overview of the hardware and software that must be devised for quantum computation and an overview of research by Harrow and colleagues who have developed a quantum algorithm that can solve a problem faster than a normal computer.

The article discusses entanglement which is the link between distant particles and is the key to revolutionizing quantum computers and communication systems. Topics include how physicists from Japan and Great Britain have found a way to entangle photons by passing them through an optical filter, an explanation of entanglement, and an overview of the approach used by Shigeki Takeuchi and colleagues from Hokkaido University in Japan.

The article discusses quantum computation schemes such as the braiding technique which involves the swapping of two anyons. Topics include a description of quantum matter, Abelian and non-Abelian statistics related to the excitations of the correlated phases of quantum matter, and research by Aguado and colleagues showing how the manipulation of the lattice sites of atoms can affect the wave function of an entire ensemble which can be read quantitatively.

This article reports that quantum computing scientist David Deutsch is the first recipient of the $100,000 Edge of Computation Science Prize for researchers whose computer-related ideas touch on broader questions about life, the universe, and everything. The 52-year-old Deutsch provided the first blueprints for a universal quantum computer in 1985, bringing to life an earlier suggestion from physicist Richard Feynman. Quantum computation, which theoretically is exponentially faster than classical computing, could potentially speed up calculations that currently hamper fields such as physics, biology, and nanotechnology. Physicist and computer scientist Seth Lloyd of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, who was a judge, says that Deutsch clearly deserved the prize because of his seminal role in creating and furthering quantum computation. The prize is funded by philanthropist Jeffrey Epstein.

The article reports that two physicists have shown how they can reliably transfer quantum information from matter to light. But quantum computers and quantum communications depend on having information stored on quantum objects like atoms and photons rather than classical ones like hunks of silicon and quantum objects are hard to handle. Alexei Kuzmich and Dmitri Matsukevich of the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta describe how they store a quantum bit in a cloud of rubidium atoms and induce the cloud to inscribe that information, undamaged, upon a photon.

The article presents the book 'A Shortcut Through Time: The Path to the Quantum Computer,' by George Johnson. Johnson writes in the book, "Quantum computing would be to ordinary computing what nuclear energy is to fire." A quantum computer can solve many problems extremely rapidly — and in less time. The science in the book is fairly accurate, and the few minor lacunae are small enough to ignore when one considers the benefit. Johnson's powerful illustrative analogies and nearly kinesthetic accounts of how quantum computers function.

Two physicists Orissa, India-based Institute for Physics Arun Pati and Bengor, Wales-based University of Wales Samuel Braunstein have shown that it is impossible to build a quantum universal constructor,a quantum computer that has the ability to spawn perfect copies of itself. Many computer scientists and physicists are turning their attention toward quantum computers, logical entities that are at once more powerful and more restricted than their classical counterparts. For example, a quantum computer can theoretically crack public-key encryption codes that are far beyond the abilities of classical computers. On the other hand, quantum computers are hobbled by the no-cloning rule, which states that a quantum computer can't make an exact copy of a piece of data without destroying the original something that ordinary computers do with aplomb, much to the music industry's chagrin. So all the old questions of classical computing, such as whether there can be a universal constructor, are being asked again in the quantum domain. By closing loopholes in the no-cloning rule, the physicists showed that in a universe with finite resources, a quantum robot would be unable to make a perfect copy of itself.

Focuses on computer science. Importance in data collection; Emergence of problem related to data integration and analysis in different fields; Elaboration of quantum computing.

Cites the findings of preliminary tests on quantum computer software in the United States. Sources of the potential power of quantum computers; Search by computer scientists for a problem-solving algorithm that will tame the exponential difficulties presented by quantum computer software.

Presents brief articles pertaining to the Internet. Minerology Database Web site created by David Barthelmy; Web site of clinical drug trials; Oxford University's Center for Quantum Computing Web site; Computer simulation of nerve junctions in the human eye on the Web site of the National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure.

Describes advances in the development of quantum computers. Doubling of a single trapped ion functioning as a qubit to two ions; How math works differently in the quantum world; Research by Turchette et al in the October 26, 1998, `Physical Review Letters'; Nature of spin in quantum computers; Performing computations; Limits due to thermal confusion; Use of a laser pulse to control resonances; Transmitting quantum information.

Examines the efforts of engineers to create quantum computers. Comments of Raymond Laflamme, of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico; Skeptics' arguments on the fragility of quantum information; Theoretical scheme of Peter Shore of AT&T Bell Labs and Andrew Steane at Oxford University, England; Mentions research published in the September 7, 1998 issue of `Physical Review Letters.'