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Background: In Europe, cardiovascular disease is one of the predominant causes of mortality and morbidity among older people over 65 years. The occurrence of cardiovascular disease can have a negative impact on the quality of life of older patients and their families and family health overall. Assuming that illness is a family affair shaped by culture and health care systems, we explored European health care practices and interventions toward families of older patients with cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Aims: This paper aimed to determine the extent, range, and variety of practices and interventions in Europe directed to families of older patients and to identify knowledge gaps. Materials & Methods: A scoping review was conducted including studies published in Medline, CINHAL, or Cochrane library between 2009 and mid‐2020. Results: A total of 22 articles from 17 studies were included, showing diverse practices and interventions. The interventions targeted the family as a unit (six studies), dyads (five studies), patients alone, but assessed family members' reactions (five studies) or the family member primarily, but assessed the reaction of the patient (one study). Target outcomes were family caregiver burden; health‐related QoL; and perceived control in patients; and family functioning and changes in health behavior or knowledge in both, family members and patients. Most studies did not include an integral view of the family as the unit of care but rather had a disease‐centered approach. Discussion: This scoping review provides insight into a variety of healthcare practices towards families of older patients with cardiovascular disease in Europe. Clarifying underlying assumptions to involve families is needed. More studies with family‐focused approaches as integral models could lead to practices that improve families' well‐being. Exploring integral models for their acceptance in health care and family systems appears pertinent to develop European policy to support and add to family health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In Europe, cancer is one of the predominant causes of mortality and morbidity among older people aged over 65. A diagnosis of cancer can imply a negative impact on the quality of life of the older patients and their families. Despite research examining the impact of cancer on the family, it is unclear what kind of information is available about the types of clinical practice towards older patients with cancer and their families. The aim is to determine the extent, range and variety of research in Europe describing health practices towards families of older patients with cancer and to identify any existing gaps in knowledge. Methods: Scoping review. Results: A total of 12 articles were included, showing that family interventions are generally based on end‐of‐life care. Most studies used a qualitative approach and involved different types of family member as participants. Most studies were conducted in the UK. Conclusions: Review findings revealed limited knowledge about health practices in Europe towards families with an older patient with cancer. This review indicates a need to increase family‐focused research that examines health practices that meet the needs of families of older patients with cancer. Seeing cancer as a chronic disease, there is an urgent need for the implementation of family‐focused interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conceptual clarity for the term patient engagement is growing. However, there is variability in patient engagement in healthcare, which could be due to the absence of models to guide practice or a myriad of organisational, nurse and patient factors. The recently developed 'Interactive Care Model' provides guidance on how to genuinely promote individualised patient engagement. An understanding of how to action this model in nursing is required. Aims: The aim of this scoping review was to examine actions in the published scientific literature that align with the Interactive Care Model, in the context of nursing care of hospitalised patients. Data sources: In 2018, searches of CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and PsycInfo were undertaken, for literature published between 2008 and 2018. This was followed by citation tracking. Review methods: Two researchers screened and selected studies using prespecified criteria. Data were charted into a pre‐established tool and collated and summarised using numerical summaries and deductive content analysis. For content analysis, categories were generated from the 'Interactive Care Model'. Findings: Forty‐three studies were included in the review, 33 noninterventional and 10 interventional studies. Publications on the topic are increasing in number over time, with most conducted in Europe with patient or nurse participants. Forty‐two actions were found in the literature that aligned with the 'Interactive Care Model'. The actions uncovered differed between intervention and noninterventional studies; in interventional studies actions were formalised. Conclusions: This review provides an overview of actions that promote patient engagement and could inform implementation of the Interactive Care Model and the design and testing of patient engagement interventions to support the model. There are opportunities to explore latter phases of the Interactive Care Model to foster patient engagement in self‐management and to motivate patients' management of healthcare beyond hospitalisation. Further, there is a need to rigorously evaluate patient engagement interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tom Kitwood's theoretical framework of person‐centred care is extensively and internationally referred to in healthcare services. However, despite the broad use of Kitwood's approach in clinical practice, the research examining experiences with the approach has not been mapped. Aim: To map the available literature on current empirical experiences in clinical practice of Kitwood's approach to person‐centred care for people with dementia, living in institutional settings in primary health care. Methods: A total of 154 studies concerning the experiences of people with dementia and their formal caregivers' use of Kitwood's framework of person‐centred care for residents living in institutional settings in primary health care were compiled from scientific databases. All three authors engaged in a systematic selection process, leading to nineteen articles being included in the review. Results: The results showed an overall tendency towards positive experiences gained from applying person‐centred approaches in clinical practice influenced by Kitwood's theoretical framework. Through the synthesis of data from the selected studies, six categories related to our research aim were identified 'Theoretical evaluation of Tom Kitwood's model of care', 'Models and frameworks', 'Interventions', 'Communication', 'Dementia Care Mapping' and 'Environment'. Conclusion: The present review included nineteen studies published from 1998 to 2016 and consisted mainly of peer‐reviewed scientific articles, followed by dissertations, conference posters and nonpeer‐reviewed articles. All studies were undertaken in Western countries. The vast majority of the studies considered Kitwood's theoretical framework to be beneficial and useful in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 184-194 Patients' lived experiences of a reduced intake of food and drinks during illness: a literature review Aim: This study aims to identify patients' lived experiences of having a reduced intake of food and drink during illness, through a literature review. Methods: Scientific studies were selected through a systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, SweMed, British Nursing Index, Psycinfo and EMBASE. A deductive thematic analysis was performed on the studies included. The analysis provided three main themes: (i) serving of food and drink - patient experiences. (ii) Modifications related to illness - patient experiences. (iii) Nutritional care provided by healthcare professionals nutritional care - patient experiences. Findings: Generally speaking, the findings showed high satisfaction with the food served at hospitals. However, patients' individual tastes and preferences as to when and where to eat were found to affect their intake of food and drink. Physical changes because of illness were stated as the main reason for the patients' lived experiences of a reduced intake of food and drink. These experiences seemed to be related to negative feelings, such as anxiety and shame during meals. Furthermore, the literature review revealed a lack of professional assistance during meals and insufficient guidance on how to handle specific nutritional problems. Conclusions: Patients expect committed nursing care in regard to nutritional advice during illness and assistance in meal-related situations. Nurses need to refocus on fundamental caring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]