1. The RNA binding protein Quaking represses host interferon response by downregulating MAVS
- Author
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W. Samuel Fagg, Vanessa Chuo, Julien Pompon, Shelton S. Bradrick, Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco, and Kuo-Chieh Liao
- Subjects
RNA-binding protein ,Biology ,Respirovirus Infections ,Sendai virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Transcription (biology) ,Interferon ,medicine ,Humans ,Phosphorylation ,Molecular Biology ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,MDA5 ,Cell Biology ,Cell biology ,Poly I-C ,Gene Expression Regulation ,A549 Cells ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Monocyte differentiation ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Interferon Type I ,Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 ,CRISPR-Cas Systems ,IRF3 ,Research Paper ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Quaking (QKI) is an RNA-binding protein (RBP) involved in multiple aspects of RNA metabolism and many biological processes. Despite a known immune function in regulating monocyte differentiation and inflammatory responses, the degree to which QKI regulates the host interferon (IFN) response remains poorly characterized. Here we show that QKI ablation enhances poly(I:C) and viral infection-induced IFNβ transcription. Characterization of IFN-related signalling cascades reveals that QKI knockout results in higher levels of IRF3 phosphorylation. Interestingly, complementation with QKI-5 isoform alone is sufficient to rescue this phenotype and reduce IRF3 phosphorylation. Further analysis shows that MAVS, but not RIG-I or MDA5, is robustly upregulated in the absence of QKI, suggesting that QKI downregulates MAVS and thus represses the host IFN response. As expected, MAVS depletion reduces IFNβ activation and knockout of MAVS in the QKI knockout cells completely abolishes IFNβ induction. Consistently, ectopic expression of RIG-I activates stronger IFNβ induction via MAVS-IRF3 pathway in the absence of QKI. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a novel role for QKI in negatively regulating host IFN response by reducing MAVS levels.
- Published
- 2019
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