Search

India, which produced nearly 67 Mt steel in 2010, aims to produce, in the near future, more than 100 Mt/year and to become, after China, the second largest steelmaker worldwide. To do this, India benefits from large iron ore reserves, especially of high-grade hematites, which presently constitute the largest amount of the local consumption as well of the exports. For the future, however, it will be necessary to beneficiate the large reserves of lower-grade iron ores, especially the magnetites. Furthermore, the question of the amount of the Indian iron ores available for export will have to be considered. India also has very large coal resources but, unhappily, mainly in non-coking coal, and often with high ash content: this is the main problem of the Indian iron and steel industry, to select the best routes and processes to make steel. The Indian iron and steel industry has to choose between: the conventional route based on the Blast Furnace and Oxygen Converter, which implies increasing the imports of high-grade coking coal, mainly from Australia; various routes based on local Indian coals, such as: (a) COREX or FINEX processes to produce liquid hot metal, or (b) direct reduction processes, either based on natural gas where it is available, or on local coals, presently mainly in rotary kilns (but with serious problems of energy efficiency and environmental pollution, in spite of the large present development), or based on coal gasification processes (such as MXCOL or ITmk3 processes). Finally, another special feature of the Indian iron and steel companies, specially of the largest private ones such as Tata, Essar and JSW (Jindal), is their development outside of India, which means the control of some 18 Mt steel/year, aiming to reach about 25 Mt/year in the near future!

The Arab world has been less affected by the financial crisis of 2008–2009 than many other regions of the world. As an illustration, the apparent steel consumption has been growing to a level of 40 to 45 Mt/year, like in China or India but not so fast. The steel production is also growing, but is still in the range of 15 to 17 Mt/year: the region is a large steel importer, around 30 Mt/year. It is interesting to note that this trade is, essentially, between the two sides of the Mediterranean Sea. Regarding the production, it must be remembered that this area has the special feature of being based on the direct reduction of the iron ores through the natural gas-based processes such as Midrex**or Energiron (ex – HYL). Steelmaking is carried out in EAF (electric arc furnaces) and it must be noted that, in the Marrakesh congress, the Turkish delegation mentioned that a new company in this country is designing and manufacturing electric arc furnaces for mini-mills based on scrap. A last point has to be stressed: the diversification of the steel products made in the Arab world. After a time where the emphasis was on light long products (reinforcing bars and light profiles), the production is now moving to heavy products such as beams and tubes, and flat products.

The Arab Steel Summit, that convened in Abu Dhabi in April, gave us another opportunity to review the situation of the Arab Iron and Steel Industry, with regard to the present World economic context.?We will address: The World situation of steel production, focusing on the Arab Countries; ?The related situation of steel consumption;?The steel trade, including imports, exports and prices;?The consequences for technology and economy. ?

The Arab Steel Summit, that convened in Abu Dhabi in April, gave us another opportunity to review the situation of the Arab Iron and Steel Industry, with regard to the present World economic context.
We will address: The World situation of steel production, focusing on the Arab Countries; 
The related situation of steel consumption;
The steel trade, including imports, exports and prices;
The consequences for technology and economy.

The XXIV IMPC (International Mineral Processing Congress) which took place in Beijing from September 23 to 28, 2008 gave an opportunity to see the important development in Iron Ore processing worldwide, especially in China. This review paper presents: A brief history of the IMPC Congresses as well as the scope of this XXIV IMPC in Beijing; The development of the Iron Ore demand and supply of the Chinese Iron and Steel Industry and the consequences on Iron Ore imports; The impressive expansion of the Iron Ore mining and processing in China.

La parution d’un nouvel ouvrage (1) de Gilbert Etienne, très intéressant comme toujours, nous amène, sans évidemment vouloir refaire notre étude de 1990 (2), à faire le point de cette comparaison toujours pour le domaine de la sidérurgie, près de vingt années plus tard.

The growing demand of steel products in a rapidly developing economy and increasing levels of imports in the Arab World progress the development of local steel production. The steel industry develops along the processes most appropriate to local resources: DR processes and EAF operation.

The growing demand of steel products in a rapidly developing economy and increasing levels of imports in the Arab World progress the development of local steel production. The steel industry develops along the processes most appropriate to local resources: DR processes and EAF operation.

The recent meeting ?ARAB STEEL SUMMIT 2007? organized by The Arab Iron and Steel Union at Muscat (Oman Sultanate) March 12-14, 2007 afforded the opportunity to analyze:?The development of the Iron and Steel Industry in the Arab States, The main actors behind such developments, The characteristics, both technical and metallurgical of these enterprises.

The recent meeting “ARAB STEEL SUMMIT 2007” organized by The Arab Iron and Steel Union at Muscat (Oman Sultanate) March 12-14, 2007 afforded the opportunity to analyze:
The development of the Iron and Steel Industry in the Arab States, The main actors behind such developments, The characteristics, both technical and metallurgical of these enterprises.

This paper reports on the Congress of the Arab Iron and Steel Union (AISU) that has been convened in Beirut, Lebanon, September 29 - October 1, 2004. Presentations dealt with the global theme of the development of the steel industry in the Arab Countries or with the technical aspects of steel production routes and continuous casting.

This paper reports on the Congress of the Arab Iron and Steel Union (AISU) that has been convened in Beirut, Lebanon, September 29 - October 1, 2004. Presentations dealt with the global theme of the development of the steel industry in the Arab Countries or with the technical aspects of steel production routes and continuous casting.

In the metallurgical industry, very few innovative processes reached the industrial stage. The purpose of this article is to identify the key principles for monitoring an industrialization process, and to assess their validity. Mastering the industrialization process is a key to hopefully succeed in developing efficiently an innovative and competitive process; according to industry characteristics and past cases of process developments, there might be a “virtuous” six-step industrialization process for metallurgy; the review of present industrialization processes within two metallurgical routes tends to confirm that point.

In the metallurgical industry, very few innovative processes reached the industrial stage. The purpose of this article is to identify the key principles for monitoring an industrialization process, and to assess their validity. Mastering the industrialization process is a key to hopefully succeed in developing efficiently an innovative and competitive process; according to industry characteristics and past cases of process developments, there might be a ”virtuous” six-step industrialization process for metallurgy; the review of present industrialization processes within two metallurgical routes tends to confirm that point.

After presentation of the historical background, the present structure of the Arab steel industry is described and its main characteristics discussed: insufficient domestic steel production, based on hot metal, scrap and mainly prereduced iron, high imports of semi-products, important development of the use of electric arc furnaces. Indications are then given on the rapid evolution of the steel industry in Egypt, Morroco and Saudi-Arabia, and on new, modern and larger capacity installations, in particular electric arc furnaces and rolling mills.

After presentation of the historical background, the present structure of the Arab steel industry is described and its main characteristics discussed: insufficient domestic steel production, based on hot metal, scrap and mainly prereduced iron, high imports of semi-products, important development of the use of electric arc furnaces. Indications are then given on the rapid evolution of the steel industry in Egypt, Morroco and Saudi-Arabia, and on new, modern and larger capacity installations, in particular electric arc furnaces and rolling mills.

This paper gives an account of the symposium organized in May 2002 in the memory of Dr Wolf, who died in November 2001. Many experts in the field of continuous casting have participated to this symposium, which has been the occasion to review the progress made in the continuous casting of conventional and thin slabs and to evaluate the state of the art and perspectives of thin strip casting. At the same time, general trends for the future in the steel industry have been discussed.

This paper gives an account of the symposium organized in May 2002 in the memory of Dr Wolf, who died in November 2001. Many experts in the field of continuous casting have participated to this symposium, which has been the occasion to review the progress made in the continuous casting of conventional and thin slabs and to evaluate the state of the art and perspectives of thin strip casting. At the same time, general trends for the future in the steel industry have been discussed.

In Europe, like elsewhere, the share of steel produced by electric arc furnaces from scrap increases. As the amount of internal scrap has decreased considerably, the steel plants recycle more and more collected obsolete and capital scrap. This source of iron has increased rapidly and will continue to increase. In spite of that, some plants may have to include in their EAF charge prereduced iron coming from countries where natural gas is available at low cost.

In Europe, like elsewhere, the share of steel produced by electric arc furnaces from scrap increases. As the amount of internal scrap has decreased considerably, the steel plants recycle more and more collected obsolete and capital scrap. This source of iron has increased rapidly and will continue to increase. In spite of that, some plants may have to include in their EAF charge prereduced iron coming from countries where natural gas is available at low cost.