Search

Introducción: El suicidio es causa frecuente de muerte en el mundo, su expresión en los pueblos indígenas es un problema de salud pública debido a que las tasas de suicidio son más altas en ellos que en población general afectando preferentemente a hombres jóvenes, de bajo nivel socioeconómico, desempleados, y consumidores de sustancias. La magnitud del problema y el impacto sobre pueblos originarios incluso en peligro de extinción, permitió ampliar las comprensiones sobre el tema y plantear investigaciones e intervenciones apropiadas que orienten posibles soluciones. Objetivo: Analizar el suicidio consumado por población indígena, desde la determinación social de la salud. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión del estado del arte sobre suicidio en pueblos indígenas entre 1993 – 2013; 57 artículos fueron seleccionados por su calidad y pertinencia, y analizados a la luz de la determinación social en salud. Resultados: Se delinearon las matrices de procesos críticos que describen procesos protectores y destructivos alrededor del suicidio en pueblos indígenas. Conclusión: El enfoque empleado permitió identificar condiciones estructurales de violencia que impactan el bienestar de los indígenas, partícipes principales en el fenómeno del suicidio consumado en estos pueblos.

Objetivo: analizar las capacidades de investigación sobre determinantes sociales y determinación social de los procesos salud-enfermedad (dss) en Brasil, Colombia y México con base en los sistemas nacionales de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (sncti) y la producción científica sobre dss (2005- 2012) de cada país. Metodología: se realiza un estudio exploratorio a partir de revisión de literatura, consulta de plataformas nacionales de cada sncti, entrevistas y foros de consulta, contemplando las siguientes categorías de estudio para de analizar las capacidades de: 1. Producción científica, formación de investigadores y políticas relativas a capacidades de investigación; 2. Redes de colaboración; 3. Infraestructura para la investigación y 4. Producción y apropiación social del conocimiento. Resultados y discusión: La investigación sobre dss se divulga principalmente en revistas científicas de circulación nacional, en Brasil y Colombia, mientras que en México se publica principalmente en revistas extranjeras. Los tres países cuentan con sncti consolidados, sin embargo, son escasos los montos de financiamiento para investigación sobre dss. Conclusiones: es necesario articular acciones de fortalecimiento de capacidades de investigación, fortaleciendo redes y posicionando los dss en agendas estratégicas.

Introduction: Suicide is a common cause of death in the world. Its expression in indigenous populations is a public health problem due to the fact that suicide rates are higher among them than in the general population, preferably affecting low income, unemployed young men who are involved in substance abuse. The magnitude of the problem and its impact on the original populations, even in danger of extinction, allowed the study to expand its comprehension regarding the subject matter, and propose research studies and suitable interventions that can lead to possible solutions. Objective: Annalise completed suicide in indigenous populations based on a social health determination. Methodology: The study conducted a review of the state-of-the-art regarding suicide in indigenous populations from 1993 to 2013; 57 articles were selected because of their quality and pertinence, and they were analyzed in the light of social health determinations. Results: Critical process matrixes where outlined which describe protective destructive processes surrounding suicide in indigenous populations. Conclusion: The approach used in this study allowed the identification of structural conditions of violence that affect indigenous people's well-being, who are the main participators in completed suicide in these populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The conditions in which people are born, live, work and age are related to the health situation in populations. The quantification of the differences in these conditions confronted with health variables is called measurement of inequalities. Objective: To determine the inequalities in mortality due to specific causes related to socioeconomic characteristics in municipalities of Huila 2009-2013. Materials and methods: Ecological study comparing mortalities for respiratory infection Acute, stomach cancer, Hypertensive and cerebrovascular diseases, traffic accidents, Homicide, Diabetes and Childhood mortality based on socioeconomic status according to socioeconomic variables Coverage of secondary education, NBI, Rurality, Economic sufficiency; Municipal value added and IRCA in the 37 municipalities of Huila. It is calculated with the age-adjusted measures using the direct method and the measurement of the inequalities with the variable descriptions, using measures based on rank, regression and disproportionality, using Epidat 4.0 software. Results: In the mortality due to gastric cancer, hypertensive diseases and mortality in childhood was identified constant inequality against the socioeconomic variables evaluated against the less favored municipalities. In the mortality from acute respiratory infections and homicides, higher rates were observed in municipalities with better socioeconomic conditions. Conclusions: There is great variability between the socioeconomic conditions of the municipalities and between the mortalities by the evaluated events, observing an acceptable correlation between the different measures of inequalities used in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the research capacities on social determinants and social determination of the health-disease process (sdh) in Brazil, Colombia and Mexico based on the characteristics of the National Systems of Science, Technology and Innovation (sncti) and the scientific production on sdh between 2005 and 2012. Methodology: an exploratory study was conducted. Data were obtained from literature reviews, the national platforms for each sncti, interviews and forums. The following categories of study were taken into account when analyzing capabilities: 1. Scientific production, training of researchers and policies concerning research capabilities. 2. Collaborative networks; 3. Infrastructure for research and 4. Production and social appropriation of knowledge. Results and discussion: research on sdh is primarily published in scientific journals. In Brazil and Colombia, findings are primarily published in national journals, while the majority of research on sdh from Mexico is published in international journals. All three countries have solid sncti. However, funding for research on sdh is scarce. Conclusion: it is necessary to coordinate actions to strengthen the capabilities for research on sdh in order to strengthen networks and position sdh on strategic agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between socioeconomic inequalities and the health-disease process has long been demonstrated. Its study and possibilities for intervention have been submitted to analysis by academic and institutional actors which take more or less critical stances depending on their paradigms. In order to analyze the causes of health inequities and provide some recommendations, the World Health Organization established the Commission on Social Determinants of Health in 2005. Latin American approaches such as Social Medicine and Collective Health recognize the concern of the World Health Organization, yet they strongly criticize the position taken by the Commission, and organize the discussion around the conceptual, ethical and political action axes; in addition, and unlike the Commission, they propose to search for the causes of inequity and its solution in the meaning of social determination. Likewise, authors such as Vicente Navarro also questioned the Commission's approach to social determinants. For Navarro, it is not inequalities that kill people, but the actors responsible for those inequalities. He also draws the attention towards the hidden power relationships and the entities responsible for inequity and those benefitting from it. Finally, in order to analyze the social determination and the hierarchical location of the social determinants of a particular problem, the issue of hunger is presented as embedded in a reproduction-determination cycle that makes it possible to locate the specificity and generality that are in constant interplay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]