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Pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSO) have been used in the treatment of multiple spinal conditions involving a fixed sagittal imbalance. It is a complex, extensive surgery most often performed in the revision settings. The aim of our study is to review the major complications of this surgical technique with a focus on blood loss. Twenty patients were included, treated using PSO for sagittal imbalance, out of 255 corrective surgeries. Of the 12 female patients included in the study, the mean age was 64.33. Of the 8 male patients included in the study, the mean age was 51.85. For female patients, the mean blood loss was 2122.5 mL in comparison with male patients, with mean blood loss 1737.5 mL. The female patients had an operating time of 357.25 minutes in comparasion with male patients with an 328.5 minute operating time. Eight (5 female and 3 male) had postoperative neurological deficits and 6 (5 female and 1 male) had pseudarthrosis of adjacent levels.

The purpose of the study is to show the effects and evolution of patients with back pain treated with a different dose of betamethasone, analyzing both their evolution in terms of pain perception and lifestyle. In this study, 43 patients diagnosed with back pain in the lumbar region were included over a 12-month period. Patients were divided into two categories, depending on the dose of betamethasone administered. At 1 month control after the last injection, the first group of patients, a total of 22, given the local injection of betamethasone, trigger point injection, administering the usual dose: 1 ampoule of betamethasone 1 mL + 1 ampoule 1% xyline, at the clinical examination, they claimed that pain was reduced by about 70%, sustaining the improvement of the quality of life. The same group of patients, called for the final evaluation, at 3 month, claimed the pain was reduced by about 95%, as compared to the initial pain before starting the treatment. In the second category, where 21 patients were treated by local injections, trigger point injection, administering the modified dose of betamethasone: � ampoule of betanethasone 0.5 mL + 1 ampule 1% xyline, at 1 month control after the last injection, at the clinical examination they claimed thtat the pain was reduced with just 40%, sustaining an average quality of life. Even if a low dose of betamethasone shows significantly less systemic effects, a higher dose is required in the treatment of low back pain to have the desired effect and to significantly improve the quality of life of the patient.