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The use of home enteral or parenteral nutrition has been a necessary step in the optimization of nu tritional support in patients who, due to several diseases, fail to meet their nutritional requirements by oral feeding. This article presents the recommendations of the Chilean Pediatric Society Nutritio nal Branch, aimed at health teams that treat pediatric patients who require enteral feeding for a long time. The general objective is to provide guidelines for the proper management of these patients. It describes the ideal conformation of the health team for the care and follow-up of those patients, the program admission criteria, and its evaluation method over time. In addition, it describes general characteristics of enteral feeding, routes of administration, available enteral formulas, complications, and patient follow-up.

La prevalencia de dislipidemias ha aumentado en niños y adolescentes, muchas de ellas asociadas al incremento de la obesidad. Puesto que constituyen un factor de riesgo cardiovascular futuro, deben conocerse las bases de su tratamiento. En la gran mayoría de los pacientes, éste consiste en cambios de estilo de vida, con dieta específica y aumento de la actividad física, presentando habitualmente una respuesta favorable. Solo una minoría requiere tratamiento medicamentoso, el que debe ser realizado por especialista en el contexto de una evaluación completa del perfil de riesgo cardiovascular, con la inclusión del paciente y su familia. Sin embargo, la prevención de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular debe ser realizada por todos los miembros del equipo de salud. Este artículo presenta las recomendaciones de la Rama de Nutrición de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría para el diagnóstico, tamizaje y tratamiento de las dislipidemias en la niñez.

The prevalence of dyslipidemia has dramatically increased in children and adolescents, and many of these cases are associated with increased obesity. As this condition represents cardiovascular risk in the future, the bases of its treatment should be widely known. In the vast majority of patients, there will be lifestyle changes, specific diet and increased physical activity, usually all of these resulting in a favorable response. Only a minority will require drug treatment, which must be prescribed by a specialist in the context of a comprehensive cardiovascular risk assessment, including the patient and his family. The prevention of cardiovascular risk factors should be performed by all members of the health team. This article presents the recommendations of the Nutrition specialists of the Chilean Society of Pediatrics for screening, diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia in childhood.