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Vitreomacular traction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of macular holes. However, macular edema may also influence this disease process. Treatment with topical difluprednate 0.05% in a cohort of patients with full-thickness macular holes was associated with reduced macular edema, macular hole closure, and visual improvement. Background and objective: To report the outcomes of topical difluprednate 0.05% use in the closure of full-thickness macular holes. Patients and methods: Retrospective chart review of 4 patients with full-thickness macular holes who received difluprednate drops 4 times daily for a minimum of 12 weeks. Main outcome measures were macular hole status assessed with optical coherence tomography, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and complications of treatment. Results: All patients had macular hole closure within 12 weeks of difluprednate exposure. Mean time to macular hole closure was 5 weeks (range, 2–12 weeks). Visual acuity improved with macular hole closure. Average baseline visual acuity was 20/42. Average visual acuity after macular hole closure was 20/26 (P = 0.14). Two patients experienced increased intraocular pressure with topical steroid use. Conclusion: Exposure to difluprednate in this cohort of patients with full-thickness macular holes was associated with reduced macular edema, macular hole closure, and visual improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To report a case of relentless placoid chorioretinitis (ampiginous choroiditis) treated with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA). Methods: Interventional case report. Results: A 34-year-old pregnant woman with a history of poor visual acuity in her left eye, secondary to an undetermined cause, developed an acute painless central scotoma and blurred vision in the right eye. The examination revealed decreased visual acuity, active inflammatory placoid choroidal lesions in the posterior pole, and mid-periphery with sharp disk margins and normal-appearing vasculature. A diagnosis of relentless placoid chorioretinitis was made, and the patient was treated biannually with 4 mg IVTA for 3 years with visual improvement to 20/25. Although she experienced a relapse at 12 months, the episode was adequately controlled with repeat IVTA. After the sixth IVTA treatment occurring at 30 months, the decision was made to stop IVTA, ultimately facilitating the preservation of 20/25 in the right eye at 63-month follow-up. The disease course was complicated by cataract progression that was successfully treated with a cataract extraction and episodic increases in intraocular pressure which were successfully treated with timolol ophthalmic solution. Conclusion: Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide therapy represents an important alternative in the treatment of relentless placoid chorioretinitis. By avoiding the potentially significant side effects of long-term systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapies, IVTA can be an important alternative in the long-term management of this uncommon and complicated entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]