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Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by the intra-alveolar accumulation of a proteinaceous phospholipid-laden material called surfactant. Clinically, this disease should be suspected with respiratory failure in association with a crazy paving pattern on high-resolution chest computed tomography. We report a 24-year-old gentleman who was referred to us for a history of respiratory failure, treatment with invasive ventilation and tracheostomy. His blood exams and biochemistry were normal. His infectious and rheumatological panel was negative for a secondary disease. A flexible bronchoscopy with a transbronchial biopsy through a CryoProbe was performed. An anatomopathological analysis was periodic acid-Schiff positive for PAP. A CryoProbe is a recently developed diagnostic tool that improves the diagnostic yield in diffuse lung diseases compared to bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy. This method should be considered for patients with diffuse lung disease and PAP.

Fibroepithelial polyps are benign lesions, frequently found in the skin and genitourinary tract. Airway involvement is rare, and few case reports have been published. Our patient was a 79 y.o. male smoker, who was referred to us with a 3-month history of dry cough. At physical examination, the patient looked well, but a chest CT showed a 6-mm polyp lesion in his trachea. A flexible bronchoscopy confirmed this lesion, and forceps biopsies were performed. Argon plasma coagulation was used to completely resect and treat the lesion. Pathological analysis revealed a fibroepithelial polyp (FP). The aim of this manuscript is to report a case of FP with bronchoscopic management and to review the current literature about this condition.

Glomus tumors are unusual and generally benign neoplasms mainly found in subungeal areas. We describe a case of concomitant subcutaneous and tracheal glomus tumor that underwent successful endoscopic resection. A 48-year old male with a left forearm subcutaneous mass presented with hemoptysis. A chest CT scan demonstrated a polypoid tracheal lesion. He underwent a bronchoscopic resection. A biopsy revealed a glomus tumor, which was the same type of neoplasm that was found on the forearm biopsy. Glomus tumors are rarely found in the respiratory tract. Only 49 cases have been described. The majority of the glomus tumors arise from the lower posterior tracheal wall with no extraluminal extension. Bronchoscopic resection has been successfully used. Glomus tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of tracheobronchial lesions. Bronchoscopic resection and adjuvant radiotherapy are valid treatment options. This is the first report of concomitant subcutaneous and tracheal glomus tumor, as well as the first reported airway glomus tumor, in Latin America. As part of this study, we also perform a literature review.