1. Anti-rotavirus effects by combination therapy of stevioside and Sophora flavescens extract
- Author
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Seung Woong Lee, Mia Madel Alfajaro, Kyoung-Oh Cho, Kyu-Yeol Son, Sang-Ik Park, Ki Hun Park, Young Bae Ryu, Jun-Gyu Park, Hyun-Mee Oh, Mun-Chual Rho, Deok-Song Kim, Hyun-Jeong Kim, Woo Song Lee, Su-Jin Park, Myra Hosmillo, Ju-Hwan Lee, and Mun-Il Kang
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Male ,Rotavirus ,Sophora ,Combination therapy ,Swine ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Rotavirus Infections ,Enteritis ,Feces ,Random Allocation ,Glucosides ,Intestine, Small ,medicine ,Animals ,Stevioside ,Swine Diseases ,Sophora flavescens ,General Veterinary ,biology ,business.industry ,Histocytochemistry ,Plant Extracts ,Rotaviral enteritis ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Stevia rebaudiana ,RNA, Viral ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business ,Diterpenes, Kaurane - Abstract
Anti-rotaviral activities of Sophora flavescens extract (SFE) and stevioside (SV) from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni either singly or in various combinations were examined in vitro and in vivo using a porcine rotavirus G5[P7] strain. Combination of SFE and SV inhibited in vitro virus replication more efficiently than each single treatment. In the piglet model, SV had no effect on rotavirus enteritis, whereas SFE improved but did not completely cure rotaviral enteritis. Interestingly, combination therapy of SFE and SV alleviated diarrhea, and markedly improved small intestinal lesion score and fecal virus shedding. Acute toxicity tests including the piglet lethal dose 50, and body weight, organ weight and pathological changes for the combination therapy did not show any adverse effect on the piglets. These preliminary data suggest that the combination therapy of SV and SFE is a potential curative medication for rotaviral diarrhea in pigs. Determination of the efficacy of this combination therapy in other species including humans needs to be addressed in the future.
- Published
- 2012