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The improvement of energy transition programs towards renewable energy sources and efficiency of energy savings programs should focus towards new energy behavioral characteristics for reducing energy consumption and maintaining people well-being. This paper deals with the results of a survey campaign focused on social energy behavior of customers after complete liberalization of the electricity market and facing the increase of electricity prices occurring in the last year. The energy behavioral assistance programs require indicators that can be quantified. The standardization of these results will determine useful information to be derived from the survey poll. The available data on energy consumption from energy utilities could help researchers and companies in estimating the efficiency of the actions towards energy transition. In addition, the up-scaling of various energy behavioral programs and life-cycle of the obtained energy savings should be monitored and evaluated. The energy consumption can be reduced using various behavior assistance programs, tuned for specific end users. The customer can diffuse the good practices involving more and more users of different age, involving and transforming the end-user in an active part. The analysis of the adopted methodology is very positive considering the obtained results with respect to the established objectives. • Social behavior analysis of customers after complete liberalization of the electricity market. • Positive energy transition with renewable energy sources. • Survey of energy behavior at national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of small-scale renewable energy sources, in particular in areas with favorable meteorological conditions and medium size power request, supported by governmental incentives and other regulatory facilities determined their aggregation towards local energy communities. In addition, the new technological developments like smart grids, smart measuring and blockchain for locally managing energy flows and monetary transactions determined the diffusion of the energy communities towards educational facilities, in particular university campuses. These campuses benefit for large open spaces, important rooftops areas and various energy consumption installations. The paper deals with the analysis of a real case study of an energy community university campus in the seaside area of Romania. A planning investment process was carried on accommodating the smart grid facilities to cover load demand minimizing energy costs, concomitant with the up-scaling design for ensuring decarbonation of the university campus. An optimization problem is formulated based on the existing renewable energy sources and storage systems such that to maximize the profit obtained by the university campus in exchanging energy flows with the upstream grid, and considering the benefits of load consumption considering the university character of the facility. The simulation results are based on the real measurements. • University energy community with renewable energy sources. • Modeling and simulation for techno-economic assessment. • Optimization model for maximizing the befits in operation. • Real case validation with local installation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy management is one of the main challenges in Microgrids (MGs) applied to Smart Buildings (SBs). Hence, more studies are indispensable to consider both modeling and operating aspects to utilize the upcoming results of the system for the different applications. This paper presents a novel energy management architecture model based on complete Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system duties in an educational building with an MG Laboratory (Lab) testbed, which is named LAMBDA at the Electrical and Energy Engineering Department of the Sapienza University of Rome. The LAMBDA MG Lab simulates in a small scale a SB and is connected with the DIAEE electrical network. LAMBDA MG is composed of a Photovoltaic generator (PV), a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), a smart switchboard (SW), and different classified loads (critical, essential, and normal) some of which are manageable and controllable (lighting, air conditioning, smart plugs operating into the LAB). The aim of the LAMBDA implementation is making the DIAEE smart for energy saving purposes. In the LAMBDA Lab, the communication architecture consists in a complex of master/slave units and actuators carried out by two main international standards, Modbus (industrial serial standard for electrical and technical monitoring systems) and Konnex (an open standard for commercial and domestic building automation). Making the electrical department smart causes to reduce the required power from the main grid. Hence, to achieve the aims, results have been investigated in two modes. Initially, the real-time mode based on the SCADA system, which reveals real daily power consumption and production of different sources and loads. Next, the simulation part is assigned to shows the behavior of the main grid, loads and BESS charging and discharging based on energy management system. Finally, the proposed model has been examined in different scenarios and evaluated from the economic aspect. • Optimal Energy Management in a smart building microgrid. • Hybrid PV-Battery for energy balance. • Economic aspects of local generation for buildings. • Minimization of exchanged power between the microgrid and the main grid. • Integration of SCADA system based on Modbus and KNX protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]