33 results
Search Results
2. Clusters, economic performance, and social cohesion: a system dynamics approach.
- Author
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Rocha, Hector, Kunc, Martin, and Audretsch, David B.
- Subjects
EMPLOYMENT ,ENTREPRENEURSHIP ,ECONOMIC development ,POVERTY ,SYSTEM dynamics - Abstract
Cluster policies pervade all regions of the world to promote employment growth, innovation and entrepreneurship. Yet, research mostly focuses on cluster economic performance, but less on regional social cohesion, which is important when economic growth coexists with deprivation, poverty and inequality. The paper's aim is to understand both the economic and the social dynamics of clusters by developing a theoretical model based on system dynamics. It shows that clusters with positive economic performance do not necessarily lead to regional social cohesion. Multiple positive economic-related feedback processes can be mitigated by negative social-related feedback processes. Implications for academics and policy-makers are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Top-down and bottom-up legitimization of emerging industries: evidence from two Italian mechatronics clusters.
- Author
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Forrer, Valentina, Plechero, Monica, Rossi, Alessandro, and Santini, Erica
- Subjects
MECHATRONICS ,EMERGING industries ,COGNITIVE structures ,MICROELECTRONICS ,INDUSTRIES - Abstract
The paper investigates the legitimization of emerging industries in traditional manufacturing areas by focusing on two inner structures: the cognitive and institutional structure. These structures and their interplay inform about the heterogeneity of routes and capabilities to enter legitimization trajectories. We compare two mechatronics clusters, both located in the North-East Italian area, namely in the provinces of Vicenza and Trento. The cases reveal how the evolution and legitimation of emerging industries might surface from bottom-up dynamics related to the technological upgrading of local historical industrial specializations, and from top-down institutional strategies, when the business community remains fragmented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Intermediation in European aerospace clusters: a configurational approach.
- Author
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Speldekamp, Daniël, Knoben, Joris, and Saka-Helmhout, Ayse
- Subjects
AEROSPACE industries ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,BUSINESS networks ,INTERMEDIATION (Finance) ,MEMBERSHIP in associations, institutions, etc. - Abstract
This paper investigates which intermediary practices among European aerospace clusters support their diverse membership. Using a configurational approach, we find nine successful sets of practices spanning cluster members with varying levels of internal resources. We unpack important trade-offs, with no single approach to intermediation being ideal in every context. However, the presence of mutual trust is necessary, hinting that its importance in brokered networks has been understated by past research. Furthermore, equifinality exists even for similar types of members, suggesting the need for future research to be attentive to the existence of multiple viable approaches to cluster intermediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The core in the periphery? The cluster organization as the central node in the Apulian aerospace district.
- Author
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Calignano, Giuseppe, Fitjar, Rune Dahl, and Kogler, Dieter Franz
- Subjects
REGIONAL planning ,INFORMATION sharing ,CITIES & towns ,DEVELOPMENT economics ,ECONOMIC expansion - Abstract
Cluster policy is often ineffective in peripheral regions with weak institutions and significant barriers to knowledge production and exchange. Nonetheless, many peripheral regions have pursued such policies in recent years, an example being technology districts in southern Italy. This paper examines one such district -- the aerospace district in Apulia -- where policy has focused on indirect support for networking through coordination. This has led to a substantial increase in knowledge exchange within the district, but also to a heavy dependence on the cluster organization itself as the key actor in the knowledge-exchange network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Global city clusters: theorizing spatial and non-spatial proximity in inter-urban firm networks.
- Author
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Martinus, Kirsten and Sigler, Thomas J.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC geography ,ECONOMIES of agglomeration ,SOCIAL network analysis ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,URBAN economics - Abstract
Spatial agglomeration is well theorized within regional studies and economic geography, with firm- and industry-level advantages generally attributable to the strategic benefits derived from spatial proximity. Increasingly, alternative proximity types have been explored to explain firm relationships within and between industries. This paper applies a novel social network analysis (SNA) approach to analyze city clustering as a function of both spatial and non-spatial factors - namely, economic, sociocultural and geopolitical. Based on the internal reporting structures of Australia-based firms, it explores how ‘global clusters’ are more useful in understanding industry dynamics and processes than hierarchical lists of cities of cascading importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Cluster presence and economic performance: a new look based on European data.
- Author
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Ketels, Christian and Protsiv, Sergiy
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL clusters ,ECONOMIC development ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,ECONOMIC competition ,WAGES - Abstract
This paper takes a fresh empirical look at how cluster presence matters for economic performance. It analyses a new data set developed for the European Cluster Observatory to assess the impact of clusters on industry-level wages and regional prosperity. It is found that industry-level wages are associated with industry- and surrounding-cluster agglomeration levels to a similar degree. For regional prosperity, cluster portfolio strength is found to matter, while the specific mix of clusters is insignificant once business environment conditions are accounted for. The data show a meaningful relationship between clusters and economic outcomes, independent of other locational qualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
8. Organizational learning in clusters: A case study on material and immaterial dimensions of cooperation.
- Author
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Steiner, Michael and Hartmann, Christian
- Subjects
ORGANIZATIONAL learning ,KNOWLEDGE management ,INSTRUCTIONAL systems ,LEARNING ,CASE studies - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
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- View/download PDF
9. The Evolution of the Cluster Literature: Shedding Light on the Regional Studies-Regional Science Debate.
- Author
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Cruz, SaraC. S. and Teixeira, AuroraA. C.
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AREA studies ,SCIENCE & the humanities ,LITERATURE & science ,DEBATE poetry ,PHILOLOGY - Abstract
Cruz S. C. S. and Teixeira A. A. C. The evolution of the cluster literature: shedding light on the regional studies-regional science debate, Regional Studies. Despite the intuitive awareness about the rising importance of the cluster literature, an empirical study on its precise magnitude and evolution has yet to be accomplished. Based on two complementary bibliometric exercises - comprising 50 000 citations and almost 3000 abstracts, ranging in date from 1962 to 2008 - it was demonstrated that although seminal contributors come both from regional science and regional studies areas, the 'convergence' between regional science and regional studies approaches is still a chimera. [image omitted] Cruz S. C. S. et Teixeira A. A. C. L'evolution de la documentation au sujet des grappes: repandre de la lumiere sur le debat a propos des etudes regionales et de la science regionale, Regional Studies. Malgre la conscience intuitive a l'egard de l'importance accrue de la documentation au sujet des grappes, il faut encore faire une etude empirique sur son ampleur precise et son evolution. A partir de deux exercices bibliometriques - comportant 50 000 citations et a peu pres 3 000 resumes, allant de 1962 jusqu'a 2008 - on montre que l'on poursuit toujours des chimeres quant au 'rapprochement' entre la facon prise dans la science regionale et celle employee dans les etudes regionales. Grappes Grappes industrielles Implantation industrielle Bibliometrie Cruz S. C. S. und Teixeira A. A. C. Die Evolution der Cluster-Literatur: eine Untersuchung der Debatte uber Regionalstudien und Regionalwissenschaft, Regional Studies. Die wachsende Bedeutung der Literatur uber Cluster ist zwar auf intuitive Weise bekannt, doch eine empirische Studie uber ihre genaue Grosse und Evolution steht noch aus. Ausgehend von zwei komplementaren bibliometrischen Untersuchungen - mit 50.000 Zitaten und beinahe 3000 Inhaltsangaben aus den Jahren 1962 bis 2008 - wurde nachgewiesen, dass zukunftsweisende Beitrage zwar sowohl aus dem Bereich der Regionalwissenschaft als auch aus dem der Regionalstudien kommen, aber die 'Konvergenz' der Ansatze der Regionalwissenschaft und der Regionalstudien weiterhin ein Trugbild bleibt. Cluster Branchencluster Industriestandort Bibliometrie Cruz S. C. S. y Teixeira A. A. C. La evolucion de la literatura de aglomeraciones: un analisis sobre el debate de estudios regionales y ciencia regional, Regional Studies. Aunque la creciente importancia de la literatura sobre aglomeraciones se conoce de modo intuitivo, todavia es necesario un estudio empirico sobre su magnitud precisa y evolucion. En base a dos ejercicios bibliometricos complementarios - que contienen 50.000 citaciones y casi 3000 resumenes, y que van desde 1962 a 2008 - se demostro que aunque las contribuciones importantes proceden tanto de areas de estudios cientificos como regionales, la 'convergencia' entre los enfoques de ciencia regional y estudios regionales es todavia una quimera. Aglomeraciones Aglomeraciones industriales Ubicacion industrial Bibliometria [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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10. Do Clusters Make a Difference? Defining and Assessing their Economic Performance.
- Author
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Spencer, GregoryM., Vinodrai, Tara, Gertler, MericS., and Wolfe, DavidA.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL clusters ,AREA studies ,ECONOMIC competition ,EMPLOYMENT ,CORPORATE growth - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Growth Performances of the GB Counties: Some New Empirical Evidence for 1977-1993 1.
- Author
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Roberts, Mark
- Subjects
COMMUNITY development ,GROSS domestic product ,COUNTY government - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Industrial complexes in Mexico: implications for regional industrial policy based on related variety and smart specialization.
- Author
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Gonzalez, Amado Villarreal, Mack, Elizabeth A., and Flores, Miguel
- Subjects
INDUSTRIES ,INDUSTRIAL policy ,EXPERTISE ,LABOR supply - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Control by proximity: Evidence from the ‘Aerospace Valley’ Competitiveness Cluster.
- Author
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Levy, Rachel and Talbot, Damien
- Subjects
AREA studies ,SOCIAL networks ,RESEARCH management ,RESEARCH & development ,AEROSPACE industries - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Directions and Paths of Knowledge Flows through Labour Mobility: A Social Capital Perspective.
- Author
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Angeli, Federica, Grandi, Alessandro, and Grimaldi, Rosa
- Subjects
SOCIAL capital ,LABOR mobility ,ECONOMIC mobility ,LABOR supply ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,INFORMATION technology - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Comparing the Impact of Intra- and Inter-regional Labour Mobility on Problem-solving in a Chinese Science Park.
- Author
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Ramirez, Matias, Li, Xibao, and Chen, Weifeng
- Subjects
LABOR mobility ,PROBLEM solving ,RESEARCH parks ,INTERNAL migration ,LABOR turnover - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A Stakeholder Approach to Branding Clusters: Pointers to a Research Agenda.
- Author
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Kasabov, Edward and Sundaram, Usha
- Subjects
BRANDING (Marketing) ,PLACE marketing ,STAKEHOLDERS ,CONFLICT of interests ,DISCIPLINARY power - Abstract
KasabovE. and SundaramU. A stakeholder approach to branding clusters: pointers to a research agenda,Regional Studies. This paper addresses gaps in the research of clusters and place brands by proposing the analysis of clusters as place brands and arguing for the adoption of stakeholder management approaches for such a purpose. Analysis should also recognize the role of diverse stakeholders with potentially incompatible interests in cluster branding initiatives and the associated, processual issues of power application, discord and disagreement in clusters. By addressing these issues, two areas of academic enquiry, clusters and place branding, that share common object and aims of enquiry but which rarely recognize one another can be integrated. The call for a combined look at the two areas is driven by a belief in their complementarities and common inadequacies, and it provides an integrative platform, a dialogical platform as a theoretically enriched basis upon which to open up future research avenues. KasabovE. and SundaramU. 以利益相关者方法考察品牌集群:一个研究议程,区域研究。本文通过提出集群分析作为地方品牌,并选择利益相关者管理方法以实现上述目的,填补了集群及地方品牌研究中的空白。分析意识到不同利益相关者的作用,其与集群品牌动机不相匹配的潜在兴趣点,权力应用中相关的过程性要素,以及不和协以及集群不一致。通过强调上述问题,研究在有区分的前提上将存在相同目标与目的的两个学术议题:集群以及地方品牌进行整合。上述整合是基于二者所具备的相互补充性与不足,它同时提供了一个整合平台,一个对话平台以作为理论基础启发未来的进一步研究。 集群 地方品牌 利益相关者 冲突 权力 规制力 KasabovE. et SundaramU. Une façon d'identifier l'image de marque des clusters qui porte sur les parties prenantes: des indications quant au programme de recherche,Regional Studies. Cet article cherche à colmater les brèches dans la recherche à propos des clusters et de l'image de marque des lieux, et prône l'adoption des façons d'aborder cette question qui portent sur les parties prenantes. Toute analyse devrait tenir compte aussi du rôle des diverses parties prenantes concernées par des initiatives relatives à l'image de marque des clusters qui pourraient s'avérer incompatibles et des questions associées processuelles quant à l'application du pouvoir, à la discorde et au désaccord des clusters. En abordant ces questions, on peut intégrer deux aspects, les clusters et l'image de marque des lieux, dont l'objet et les objectifs sont communs mais qui se reconnaissent rarement, les uns, les autres. L'appel à une analyse simultanée des deux aspects est mené par une confiance envers leurs complémentarités et insuffisances communes, et fournit une plate-forme intégrée, une plate-forme dialogique comme base théoriquement riche sur laquelle on pourrait ouvrir de nouveaux horizons à rechercher. Clusters Image de marque des lieux Parties prenantes Conflit Pouvoir Pouvoir disciplinaire KasabovE. und SundaramU. Ein Stakeholder-Ansatz für die Markenbildung von Clustern: Wegweiser für ein Forschungsprogramm,Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag gehen wir auf die Lücken in der Erforschung von Clustern und Ortsmarken ein, indem wir eine Analyse von Clustern als Ortsmarken vorschlagen und für den Einsatz von Ansätzen des Stakeholder-Managements zu diesem Zweck plädieren. Bei der Analyse sollten außerdem die Rollen und potenziellen Interessenskonflikte der verschiedenen Stakeholder bei den Initiativen zur Markenbildung von Clustern sowie die damit verbundenen Verfahrensprobleme hinsichtlich der Machtanwendung, Uneinigkeit und Meinungsverschiedenheiten in Clustern berücksichtigt werden. Durch eine Berücksichtigung dieser Fragen lassen sich zwei Bereiche der wissenschaftlichen Forschung – Cluster und Markenbildung für Orte – miteinander kombinieren, die gemeinsame Forschungsgegenstände und –ziele haben, aber sich gegenseitig kaum anerkennen. Der Ruf nach einem kombinierten Ausblick auf diese beiden Bereiche wird durch die Überzeugung motiviert, dass sie sich durch Komplementaritäten und gemeinsame Schwachstellen auszeichnen; gleichzeitig ermöglicht er eine integrative bzw. dialoggestützte Plattform als theoretisch erweiterte Basis zur Erschließung künftiger Forschungswege. Cluster Ortsmarken Stakeholder Konflikt Macht Disziplinarmacht KasabovE. y SundaramU. Un enfoque de partes interesadas sobre la creación de marcas para aglomeraciones: consejos para un programa de investigación,Regional Studies. En este artículo examinamos las lagunas en la investigación de las marcas de aglomeraciones y lugares proponiendo el análisis de las aglomeraciones como marcas de lugares y abogando por la adopción de enfoques de la gestión de las partes interesadas para tal propósito. En el análisis también debería reconocerse el papel de los diferentes grupos de interés con intereses potencialmente incompatibles en las iniciativas para la creación de marcas de aglomeraciones y las cuestiones procesuales asociadas de la aplicación de poder, discordias y desacuerdos en las aglomeraciones. Al abordar estas cuestiones, podemos integrar dos campos de investigación académica –aglomeraciones y la creación de marcas de lugares– que comparten un objetivo y una finalidad de investigación comunes pero que rara vez se reconocen entre ellos. La exigencia de una perspectiva combinada de ambos campos está impulsada por una creencia en sus complementariedades y deficiencias comunes, y ofrece una plataforma de integración y diálogo como una base enriquecida teóricamente con la que abrir futuras vías de investigación. Aglomeraciones Marcas de lugares Grupos de interés Conflicto Poder Poder disciplinario [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Conceptualizing Cluster Evolution: Beyond the Life Cycle Model?
- Author
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Martin, Ron and Sunley, Peter
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL clusters ,BIOLOGICAL evolution ,LIFE cycles (Biology) ,COMPLEXITY (Philosophy) ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
MartinR. and SunleyP. Conceptualizing cluster evolution: beyond the life cycle model?,Regional Studies. Although the literature on the evolution of industrial clusters is not vast, a preferred approach has already become evident based around the idea of a cluster ‘life cycle’. This approach has several limitations. This paper explores a different conception of cluster evolution, drawing on the ‘adaptive cycle’ model that has been developed in evolutionary ecology. Using this model, cluster evolution is viewed as an adaptive process with different possible outcomes based on episodic interactions of nested systems. Though not without limitations, this approach offers greater scope as a framework for shaping the research agenda into the evolution of clusters. MartinR. and SunleyP. 对集群演进进行概念化:生命周期模型之外的新解读?区域研究。尽管目前关于产业集群演进的相关研究有限,围绕集群生命周期这一概念分析方法展开研究已成为明显的趋势。然而这一方法存在诸多制约。本文探讨了关于集群演进的不同概念,着重于演进生态学中的适应性管理模式。采用这一模式,集群演进被看作是适应性的程序,其结果基于嵌套系统之间阶段性的互动。尽管没有局限,这一方法为集群演进的研究搭建了更为广阔的分析框架及研究议程。 集群 演进 生命周期模型 复杂系统 适应性周期模型 MartinR. et SunleyP. La conceptualisation de l'évolution des clusters: aller au-delà du modèle du cycle de vie?,Regional Studies. Bien que la documentation sur l'évolution des clusters industriels ne soit pas très riche, il s'avère déjà une façon préférée de l'aborder basée sur la notion du ‘cycle de vie’ des clusters. Cette façon a ses limites. Cet article cherche à examiner une différente conception de l'évolution des clusters, puisant dans le modèle du ‘cycle adaptif’ conçu dans l'écologie évolutionnaire. A partir de ce modèle, on considère l'évolution des clusters comme un processus adaptif dont les résultats possibles varient en fonction des interactions épisodiques des sytèmes emboîtés. Cette façon a aussi ses limites, mais elle fournit plus de possibilités en tant que cadre pour déterminer les priorités de la recherche quant à l'évolution des clusters. Clusters Évolution Modèles du cycle de vie Systèmes complexes Modèle du cycle adaptif MartinR. und SunleyP. Konzeptualisierung der Evolution von Clustern: jenseits des Lebenszyklus-Modells?,Regional Studies. Die Literatur über die Evolution von Branchenclustern ist zwar nicht sehr umfangreich, doch es zeichnet sich bereits ein bevorzugter Ansatz ab, der auf der Vorstellung des ‘Lebenszyklus’ eines Clusters aufbaut. Dieser Ansatz weist jedoch in vielerlei Hinsicht seine Grenzen auf. In diesem Beitrag wird eine andere Konzeption der Cluster-Evolution untersucht, die auf dem in der evolutionären Ökologie entwickelten Modell des ‘adaptiven Zyklus’ aufbaut. Anhand dieses Modells wird die Evolution von Clustern als adaptiver Prozess mit verschiedenen möglichen Ergebnissen auf der Grundlage der episodischen Wechselwirkungen von verschachtelten Systemen betrachtet. Auch dieser Ansatz hat zwar seine Grenzen, bietet jedoch bei der Gestaltung des Programms zur Erforschung der Cluster-Evolution einen breiteren Rahmen. Cluster Evolution Lebenszyklus-Modell Komplexe Systeme Adaptives Zyklusmodell MartinR. y SunleyP. Conceptualizar la evolución de las aglomeraciones: ¿más allá del modelo de ciclo de vida?,Regional Studies. Aunque la bibliografía sobre la evolución de las aglomeraciones industriales no es muy extensa, se ha hecho evidente un enfoque preferido basado en la idea del ‘ciclo de vida’ de una aglomeración. Este enfoque presenta varias limitaciones. En este artículo analizamos un concepto diferente de la evolución de las aglomeraciones basándonos en el modelo de ‘ciclo adaptable’ que se ha desarrollado en la ecología evolucionaria. A partir de este modelo estudiamos la evolución como un proceso adaptable con diferentes resultados posibles basados en las interacciones esporádicas de los sistemas anidados. Aunque este enfoque tiene algunas limitaciones, ofrece mayor margen como una estructura para formar el programa de investigación sobre la evolución de las aglomeraciones. Aglomeraciones Evolución Modelo de ciclo de vida Sistemas complejos Modelo de ciclo adaptable [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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18. Building a Career: Labour Practices and Cluster Reproduction in Dutch Architectural Design.
- Author
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Kloosterman, RobertC.
- Subjects
ARCHITECTURAL design ,CULTURAL industries ,AREA studies ,LABOR policy ,DESIGN - Abstract
Kloosterman R. C. Building a career: labour practices and cluster reproduction in Dutch architectural design, Regional Studies. This paper explores how firms and workers deal with the specific characteristics of the labour market in a cutting-edge cultural industry, namely, Dutch architectural design. Based on in-depth interviews with principals, workers, and key informants, the relationship between a logic of economic practice with a logic of artistic practice is investigated. The intertwining of these two practices appears to be a crucial link in the generation of spin-offs in the long run. In this way, the unintended consequences of the motivations and actions on a micro-level foster, on a higher level, the reproduction of the cluster itself. [image omitted] Kloosterman R. C. Faire carriere: les usages du travail et la reproduction de grappes dans le dessin architectural neerlandais, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche a etudier comment les entreprises et les travailleurs affrontent les caracteristiques particulieres du marche du travail dans une industrie culturelle de pointe, a savoir le dessin architectural neerlandais. A partir des interviews approfondis aupres des agents, des travailleurs et des informateurs cles, on examine le rapport entre la logique de l'usage economique et celle de l'usage artistique. Il semble que l'entrelacement de ces deux pratiques constitue un lien essentiel pour la production des retombees a long terme. De cette facon, les consequences non voulues des motivations et des actions d'envergure microeconomique encouragent a un niveau superieur la reproduction de la grappe elle-meme. Industries culturelles Innovation Retombees Grappes Entreprises architecturales Kloosterman R. C. Aufbau einer Karriere: Arbeitspraktiken und Reproduktion von Clustern im Architekturdesign von Holland, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, wie Firmen und Arbeitnehmer mit den spezifischen Merkmalen des Arbeitsmarkts in einer innovativen Kulturbranche umgehen, namlich dem Architekturdesign in Holland. Ausgehend von Tiefeninterviews mit Firmeninhabern, Arbeitnehmern und Schlusselinformanten wird die Beziehung zwischen der Logik der wirtschaftlichen und der kunstlerischen Praxis analysiert. Die Verflechtungen zwischen diesen beiden Praktiken scheinen eine unverzichtbare Verknupfung bei der langfristigen Erzeugung von Spin-offs darzustellen. Auf diese Weise fordern die unbeabsichtigten Konsequenzen der Motivationen und Handlungen auf Mikroebene auf einer hoheren Ebene die Reproduktion der Cluster selbst. Kulturbranchen Innovation Spin-off Cluster Architekturfirmen Kloosterman R. C. Construir una carrera: practicas laborales y reproduccion de aglomeraciones en el diseno arquitectonico holandes, Regional Studies. En este articulo analizo de que modo las empresas y los trabajadores tratan con las caracteristicas especificas del mercado laboral en una industria cultural vanguardista, es decir, el diseno arquitectonico holandes. A partir de entrevistas exhaustivas con directores, trabajadores e informantes clave, investigo la relacion entre una logica de practica economica y una logica de practica artistica. La combinacion de estas dos practicas parece constituir a largo plazo un vinculo esencial en la generacion de empresas spin-offs. De este modo, las consecuencias no deseadas de las motivaciones y acciones a nivel micro fomentan, a un nivel superior, la reproduccion de la misma aglomeracion. Industrias culturales Innovacion Empresa spin-off Aglomeraciones Empresas arquitectonicas [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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19. Community Colleges, Clusters, and Competition: A Case from Washington Wine Country.
- Author
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Velluzzi, NicholasD.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY colleges ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,CASE studies ,ECONOMIC development ,INDUSTRIAL districts ,WINE industry - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The German Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Industry: Spatial Growth and Innovation Patterns.
- Author
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Maurseth, PerBotolf and Frank, Björn
- Subjects
INFORMATION & communication technologies ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations & economics ,SPATIAL analysis (Statistics) ,GROWTH rate ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,COMMUNITY development ,GERMAN economy ,ECONOMIC impact - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Spatializing Industrial Policies: A View from the South.
- Author
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Sepulveda, Leandro
- Subjects
AREA studies ,INDUSTRIAL policy ,SUSTAINABLE development ,SPATIAL ability ,INDUSTRIALIZATION - Abstract
SEPULVEDA L. (2008) Spatializing industrial policies: a view from the South, Regional Studies. A new approach to industrial policy which advances the 'spatial turn' of industrial policy thinking has matured and gained considerable attention in both developed and developing countries. However, the notion of 'spatiality' forwarded by the new approach is one which has essentially emerged from industrialized Northern economies and this raises questions relating to the largely uncritical way in which it is being adopted in developing countries. Drawing on original research conducted in Argentina, the paper demonstrates that without a context-sensitive industrial policy and a sound macro-economy, the policy tenets forwarded by the new approach are, in the South, condemned to fail. [image omitted] SEPULVEDA L. (2008) La geographie des politiques industrielles: une perspective meridionale, Regional Studies. Une nouvelle facon d'aborder la politique industrielle qui propose le 'tour geographique' de la pensee quant a la politique industrielle a muri et prete beaucoup d'attention dans les pays developpes et en voie de developpement. Cependant, la notion d''effets geographiques', que propose la nouvelle facon, ressortit essentiellement des pays nordiques industrialises et cela remet en question la facon non critique dont les pays developpes l'adoptent. Puisant dans des recherches originales menees en Argentine, cet article cherche a demontrer que dans l'absence d'une politique industrielle qui est sensible au contexte et d'une macroeconomie solide, les principes de la politique proposes sont voues a l'echec dans les pays meridionaux. Politique industrielle Pays en voie de developpement Regroupements Regions SEPULVEDA L. (2008) Einfuhrung der Raumlichkeit in der Industriepolitik: die Perspektive des Sudens, Regional Studies. Sowohl in den Industrie- als auch in den Entwicklungslandern ist ein neuer, stark beachteter Ansatz der Industriepolitik herangereift, in dem fur ein 'raumliches Denken' in der Industriepolitik pladiert wird. Allerdings ist der in diesem neuen Ansatz propagierte Begriff der 'Raumlichkeit' im Wesentlichen in der Wirtschaft des industrialisierten Nordens entstanden, wodurch sich Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der relativ unkritischen Ubernahme des Begriffs in den Entwicklungslandern ergeben. Anhand von in Argentinien durchgefuhrten Originalstudien wird in diesem Beitrag nachgewiesen, dass die vom neuen Ansatz befurworteten politischen Grundsatze im Suden ohne eine kontextsensitive Industriepolitik und solide Makrookonomie zum Scheitern verurteilt sind. Industriepolitik Entwicklungslander Cluster Regionen SEPULVEDA L. (2008) Espacializando politicas industriales: una perspectiva desde el sur, Regional Studies. Un nuevo enfoque sobre politica industrial que propone un 'giro espacial' sobre el pensamiento de la materia, ha madurado y ganado considerable atencion tanto en paises desarrollados como en desarrollo. Sin embargo, la nocion de 'espacialidad' ha surgido esencialmente desde economias industrializadas del norte, lo que genera dudas sobre la forma acritica en la cual el nuevo enfoque esta siendo adoptado en paises en desarrollo. Basado en una investigacion original realizada en la Argentina, el articulo demuestra que sin una politica industrial sensible al contexto y una solida macroeconomia, los principios propuestos por el nuevo enfoque estan, en el Sur, condenados al fracaso. Politica industrial Paises en desarrollo Clusters Regiones [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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22. Industrial Ecology and Regional Development: Eco-Industrial Development as Cluster Policy.
- Author
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Deutz, Pauline and Gibbs, David
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL ecology ,ECONOMIC sanctions ,ECONOMIC indicators ,GOVERNMENT policy ,SYMBIOSIS ,DEVELOPMENT economics - Abstract
Deutz P. and Gibbs D. Industrial ecology and regional development: eco-industrial development as cluster policy, Regional Studies. Aspects of industrial ecology fit closely with work in regional development investigating clustering, networking, and local economic development. However, there has been limited cross-fertilization between these bodies of literature. This paper uses an empirical focus on eco-industrial developments in the USA to postulate that industrial ecology can be viewed as a distinct cluster concept and to consider the implications of this for both industrial ecology and regional development policies. [image omitted] Deutz P. et Gibbs D. L'ecologie industrielle et l'amenagement du territoire: le developpement industriel ecologique comme politique d'agglomeration, Regional Studies. Des aspects de l'ecologie industrielle sont en correlation etroite avec des recherches dans le domaine de l'amenagement du territoire qui examinent l'agglomeration, la connexion et le developpement local economique. Cependant, il y a eu peu de synergie entre ces faisceaux de documentation. Cet article porte de facon empirique sur les developpements industriels ecologiques aux E-U afin de postuler que l'on peut envisager l'ecologie industrielle comme une notion indeniable d'agglomeration et en considerer les retombees a la fois pour l'ecologie industrielle et les politiques d'amenagement du territoire. Ecologie industrielle Parcs industriels ecologiques Symbiose industrielle Agglomerations regionales Connexion Deutz P. und Gibbs D. Industrieokologie und Regionalentwicklung: oko-industrielle Entwicklung als Cluster-Politik, Regional Studies. Die Aspekte der Industrieokologie sind eng mit der Arbeit der Regionalentwicklung verzahnt, was die Untersuchung von Clusterbildungen, Netzwerken und lokaler Wirtschaftsentwicklung anbelangt. Die gegenseitige Befruchtung zwischen diesen Literaturkorpern fiel jedoch bisher eher begrenzt aus. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand eines empirischen Fokus auf den okoindustriellen Entwicklungen in den USA postuliert, dass sich die Industrieokologie als eigenstandiges Cluster-Konzept betrachten lasst, und es werden die Auswirkungen auf die Politiken fur Industrieokologie und Regionalentwicklung untersucht. Industrieokologie Oko-Industrieparks Industriesymbiose Regionalentwicklung Cluster Netzwerke Deutz P. y Gibbs D. Ecologia industrial y desarrollo regional: desarrollo ecoindustrial como politica de aglomeracion, Regional Studies. Los aspectos de la ecologia industrial estan estrechamente vinculados al trabajo en el desarrollo regional que estudia la aglomeracion, las redes y el desarrollo economico local. Sin embargo, la mutua hibridacion entre estos organismos de literatura ha estado limitada. En este articulo usamos un enfoque empirico sobre los desarrollos ecoindustriales en los EE.UU. para postular que la ecologia industrial puede considerarse un concepto distintivo de aglomeraciones y para considerar que efectos tiene esto en la ecologia industrial y las politicas de desarrollo industrial. Ecologia industrial Parques ecoindustriales Simbiosis industrial Desarrollo regional Aglomeraciones Redes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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23. On the Role Played by Temporary Geographical Proximity in Knowledge Transmission.
- Author
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Torre, André
- Subjects
PROXIMITY spaces ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,KNOWLEDGE acquisition (Expert systems) ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,KNOWLEDGE management ,SPACE ,GEOGRAPHICAL location codes ,RESEARCH ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Torre A. On the role played by temporary geographical proximity in knowledge transmission, Regional Studies. This paper defends the thesis that geographical proximity remains essential for knowledge transfer, but not often implies the co-location of innovation and research activities. The need for geographical proximity now mostly affects certain stages of the process of production, research or development. Short- or medium-term visits are often sufficient for the partners to exchange the information needed for cooperation. The mobility of individuals makes it possible to implement this mechanism. Temporary geographical proximity implies a strong relation to space, but one that differs in nature from that described by the traditional approaches. [image omitted] Torre A. Role de la proximite geographique temporaire dans la transmission de la connaissance, Regional Studies. Dans cet article, nous defendons la these selon laquelle la proximite geographique demeure essentielle au transfert des connaissances mais qu'elle n'implique pas souvent la co-localisation d'activites d'innovation et de recherche. La necessite de la proximite geographique affecte surtout, aujourd'hui, certaines etapes des processus de production, de recherche et de developpement. Les visites a court ou moyen terme suffisent souvent aux partenaires pour echanger des informations necessaires a leur cooperation. La mobilite des individus permet de mettre en œuvre ce mecanisme. La proximite geographique temporaire induit une forte relation a l'espace mais une relation qui differe en nature de celle qui est decrite par les approches classiques. Proximite geographique Proximite organisee Ubiquite Agregats Torre A. Die Rolle der vorubergehenden geografischen Nahe zur Wissensubertragung, Regional Studies. In diesem Artikel verteidigen wir die These, dass eine geografische Nahe zur Wissensubertragung nach wie vor unverzichtbar ist, aber oft keinen gemeinsamen Standort der Innovations- und Forschungsarbeit voraussetzt. Die Notwendigkeit einer geografischen Nahe betrifft heute meistens bestimmte Phasen im Produktions-, Forschungs- oder Entwicklungsprozess. Oft sind kurze oder mittellange Besuche fur die Partner ausreichend, um die fur eine Zusammenarbeit benotigten Informationen auszutauschen. Die Mobilitat der einzelnen Personen macht eine Umsetzung dieses Mechanismus moglich. Eine vorubergehende geografische Nahe setzt eine enge Verbindung zum Raum voraus, deren Beschaffenheit jedoch von den Beschreibungen der traditionellen Ansatze abweicht. Geografische Nahe Organisierte Nahe Ubiquitat Cluster Torre A. El papel desempenado por la proximidad geografica temporal en la transmision de conocimiento, Regional Studies. En este articulo defendemos la tesis de que la proximidad geografica sigue siendo un factor fundamental para la transferencia de conocimientos aunque esto no suele implicar la ubicacion conjunta de las actividades de innovacion y las de investigacion. La necesidad de proximidad geografica ahora afecta sobre todo a ciertas fases del proceso de produccion, investigacion y desarrollo. Las visitas a corto o medio plazo son con frecuencia suficientes para que los socios intercambien la informacion que necesitan para cooperar. La movilidad de los individuos facilita la aplicacion de este mecanismo. La proximidad geografica temporal entrana una estrecha relacion en el espacio pero que difiere en naturaleza de la que se describe en enfoques tradicionales. Proximidad geografica Proximidad organizada Ubicuidad Agrupaciones [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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24. Cities, Regions and Competitiveness.
- Author
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Turok, Ivan
- Subjects
ECONOMIC competition ,COMMUNITY development ,ECONOMIC development ,URBAN growth ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,BUSINESS - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Clusters of High Technology SMEs: The Dutch Case.
- Author
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Wever, Egbert and Stam, Erik
- Subjects
BUSINESS enterprises ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
WEVER E. and STAM E. (1999) Clusters of high technology SMEs: the Dutch case, Reg. Studies 33, 391–400. This paper examines the relevance of high technology clusters in the specific Dutch spatial context: a relatively small and homogeneous country. In this context the spatial pattern of high technology firms is congruent with, or closely follows, the general spatial pattern of all firms. Regional clusters, characterized by innovation linkages with other firms and knowledge centres, hardly exist. Most high technology small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have nationwide linkages. WEVER E. et STAM E. (1999) Les regroupements de PME de pointe: étude de cas de la Hollande, Reg. Studies 33, 391-400. Cet article cherchè a examiner l'importance des regroupements de PME de pointe quant à la géographie de la Hollande, un pays relativement petit et homogène. Dans ce contexte-là, la distribution géographique des entreprises de pointe est en harmonie avec ou correspond étroitement à la distribution générale des entreprises. Rares sont les regroupements régionaux, caractérisés par des relations avec d'autres entreprises et d'autres centres d'études. La plupart des PME de pointe jouissent des liens sur l'ensemble du territoire. WEVER E. und STAM E. (1999) Kluster hoch technisierter kleiner und mittlerer Unternehmen: der Fall der Niederlande, Reg. Studies 33, 391–400. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die Relevanz hoch technisierter Kluster im spezifisch niederla ndischen ra umlichen Zusammenhang, d.h. einem relativ kleinen und homogenen Lande. In diesem Zusammenhang entspricht das ra umliche Muster der Hochtechnologiefirmen dem allgemeinen ra umlichen Muster aller Firmen, oder folgt ihm weitgehend. Es gibt kaum regionale Kluster, die durch Innovationsverknu pfungen mit anderen Firmen und Wissenszentren charakerisiert werden. Die meisten hoch technisierten kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen unterhalten landesweit Verbindungen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
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26. The Economic Performance of Regions.
- Author
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Porter, Michael E.
- Subjects
REGIONAL economics ,ECONOMICS ,EMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC activity - Abstract
P ORTER M. E. (2003) The economic performance of regions, Reg. Studies 37 , 549-578. This paper examines the basic facts about the regional economic performance, the composition of regional economies and the role of clusters in the US economy over period of 1990 to 2000. The performance of regional economies varies markedly in terms of wage, wage growth, employment growth and patenting rate. Based on the distribution of economic activity across geography, we classify US industries into traded, local and resource-dependent. Traded industries account for only about one-third of employment but register much higher wages, far higher rates of innovation and influence local wages. We delineate clusters of traded industries using co-location patterns across US regions. The mix of clusters differs markedly across regions. The performance of regional economies is strongly influenced by the strength of local clusters and the vitality and plurality of innovation. Regional wage differences are dominated by the relative performance of the region in the clusters in which it has positions, with the particular mix of clusters secondary. A series of regional policy implications emerge from the findings. P ORTER M. E. (2003) La performance économique des regions, Reg. Studies 37 , 549-578. Cet article cherche à examiner les principes fondamentaux de la performance économique régionale, de la structure des économies régionales, et du rôle des groupements dans l'économie des Etats-Unis de 1990 à 2000. La performance des économies régionales varie sensiblement du point de vue des salaires, de la croissance des salaires, de la hausse de l'emploi, et du nombre des brevets. A partir de la répartition de l'activité économique géographique, on classe les entreprises industrielles aux Etats-Unis sous les rubriques commerciale, locale, et dépendante des ressources. Les entreprises industrielles à vocation commerciale n'expliquent qu'un tiers de l' emploi mais laissent voir des salaires nettement plus élevés, des taux d'innovation bien plus importants, et influent sur les salaires locaux. Employant des distributions de localisations partagées à travers les Etats-Unis, on délimite des groupements d'entreprises industrielles à vocation commerciale. La structure des groupements varie sensiblement suivant la région. La performance des économies régionales est fortement influencé par la force des groupements locaux et par la vitalité et par la pluralité de l'innovation. Les écarts des salaires réels s'expliquent primordialement par la performance relative de la région quant aux groupements où elle est pré sente, la structure particulière des groupements n'étant que d'une importance secondaire. Il en résulte toute une série d'implications pour la politique. P ORTER M. E. (2000) Die wirtschaftliche Leistungskraft von Regionen, Reg. Studies 37 , 549-578. Dieser Beitrag analysiert Kerndaten regionaler Wirtschaftsräume in den Vereinigten Staaten, insbesondere ihre wirtschaftliche Leistungskraft, ihre Zusammensetzung und die Rolle regionaler Cluster. Die Regionen der Vereinigten Staaten unterschieden sich in den Jahren 1990 bis 2000 deutlich in ihrer wirtschaftlichen Leistungskraft gemessen an Lohnniveau und - wachstum, Beschäftigungsentwicklung, und Patentrate. Basierend auf der geographischen Konzentration öknomischer Aktitivtät klassifizieren wir Industriezweige als überregional ("traded'), lokal oder abhängig von der Präsenz von Naturschä tzen. Cluster überregionaler Industrien beschäftigen nur circa ein Drittel aller Erwerbstätigen, verzeichnen aber überdurchschnittliche Lö hne und signifikant höhere Innovationsraten als die Gesamtwirtschaft. Die relative Bedeutung einzelner Cluster innerhalb der Gruppe überregionaler Industrien unterscheidet sich deutlich im regionalen Vergleich. Der wirtschaftliche Erfolg einer Region wird stark von der relative Leistungskraft und Innovationsstärke der dort angesiedelten überregionalen Cluster beeinflusst. So hat das relative Lohnniveau in den überregionalen Clustern in einer Region einen dominanten Einfluss auf das regionale Lohnniveau, während die spezifische Identität dieser Cluster nur eine sekundäre Rolle spielt. Der Beitrag entwickelt aus dieser Analyse eine Reihe von Implikationen für die Wirtschaftspolitik. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
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27. Mysteries of the trade? Skill-specific local agglomeration economies.
- Author
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Andersson, Martin and Larsson, Johan P.
- Subjects
ECONOMIES of agglomeration ,WAGES ,EXTERNALITIES ,SKILLED labor ,METROPOLITAN areas - Abstract
Do workers benefit from proximity to other workers with similar skill sets? This question dates back at least to Alfred Marshall. We use occupation groups to proxy skill sets and show that the answer likely depends on geographical levels, as well on regional hierarchy. Using longitudinal Swedish data, we document robust evidence consistent with highly localized spillovers at the level of sub-city districts between individuals in similar occupations. We further demonstrate less distance-sensitive benefits of working in districts and regions, characterized by high overall density (of employees in other occupations). We find no evidence of benefits from overall density outside Sweden's three main metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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28. The attractiveness of university and corporate anchor tenants in the conception of a new cluster.
- Author
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Dimos, Christos, Fai, Felicia M., and Tomlinson, Philip R.
- Subjects
TENANTS ,PROPULSION systems ,AEROSPACE propulsion systems ,ENGINEERING systems - Abstract
Using an ex-ante, policymaker perspective, this study focuses upon a proposal for a new university (automotive) research institute (URI) – the University of Bath's Institute for Advanced Automotive Propulsion Systems (IAAPS) – and its role in the conception of a new industrial cluster. Analysing unique survey data, we identify the key characteristics of the firms most likely to observe future potential benefits from the presence of this proposed public anchor (1) in isolation and (2) when the proposed public anchor is established with a research-based relationship with a co-located private anchor. We find the presence of a private anchor amplifies the attractiveness of the public anchor, heightening the likelihood of a cluster emerging. We discuss implications for policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Detecting Spatial Clustering Using a Firm-Level Cluster Index.
- Author
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Scholl, Tobias and Brenner, Thomas
- Subjects
SPATIAL analysis (Statistics) ,METRIC geometry ,METRIC spaces ,MICROCLUSTERS ,LOCALIZATION (Mathematics) - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Regional Innovation Systems: Theory, Empirics and Policy.
- Author
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Asheim, BjornT., Smith, HelenLawton, and Oughton, Christine
- Subjects
INNOVATIONS in business ,COMPETITIVE advantage in business ,KNOWLEDGE transfer ,LEARNING ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,LABOR market - Abstract
Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. and Oughton C. Regional innovation systems: theory, empirics and policy, Regional Studies. Interest in regional innovation systems has grown significantly over the past three decades driven partly by advances in theoretical analysis, partly by the growing interest in innovation as a source of competitive advantage, and partly by the need for new policies to address regional inequalities and divergence. This article explores the elements and characteristics that exemplify the regional innovation systems approach. It provides an appraisal and synthesis of the regional innovation systems paradigm and aims to shed light on a number of areas where theoretical, empirical and policy-based questions remain unanswered. It outlines and assesses the major strands in recent theoretical and empirical debates and discusses how they might be developed to contribute to the further advancement of the regional innovation systems literature. Three interrelated questions form the key themes around which the article is structured. The first concerns the very nature of the system itself. The second concerns the boundaries of industrial districts, clusters and regional innovation systems, and the role of cognitive frontiers, knowledge transfer and learning. The third relates to the central role of knowledge and learning in clusters and regional innovation systems and in particular to the role and functioning of the labour market. These three cross-cutting themes separately and collectively provide new theoretical, empirical and policy insights; they also raise other questions which are intended to stimulate much future research. Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. and Oughton C. 区域创新系统:理论、实践以及政策,区域研究。 对区域创新系统的关注在过去的 30 年内得到显著提高,这部分归因于理论分析的进步,也由于创新是竞争优势的源头,同时也基于新政策强调区域不公平以及区域差异的需求。本文考察了对区域创新系统方法进行分析的要素以及特征。文章通过对区域创新系统范式的评价以及综合分析为理论、实践以及政策领域做出相应的贡献。研究概述并评价了目前理论及实践研究中主要的分支,讨论了他们在区域创新系统研究中的下一步发展方向。文章围绕三个理论核心展开。首先考虑系统本身的性质。其次考虑产业区、集群以及区域创新系统的边界,认知前沿、知识转换以及学习过程的作用。第三是知识与学习在集群及区域创新系统尤其是劳动力市场职能中的核心作用。上述三类跨界的主题各自或者整合地提供了新的理论、实践以及政策视角,同时也指出未来研究中需要注意的问题。区域创新系统 产业区 集群 知识与学习 劳动力市场 Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. et Oughton C. Les systemes d'innovation regionaux: la theorie, l'empiricisme et la politique, Regional Studies. L'interet pour les systemes d'innovation regionaux a augmente sensiblement pendant les trois dernieres decennies, conduit en partie par les progres dans l'analyse theorique, en partie par l'interet croissant pour l'innovation comme source de l'avantage competitif, et en partie par la necessite des politiques nouvelles pour aborder les ecarts et les divergences regionaux. Cet article examine les elements et les caracteristiques qui illustrent les facons d'aborder les systemes d'innovation regionaux. On evalue et synthetise le paradigme des systemes d'innovation regionaux et eclaircit un nombre de questions theoriques, empiriques et de politiques auxquelles il faut toujours repondre. On esquisse et evalue les principaux fils des debats theoriques et empiriques recents et on discute comment on pourrait les developper afin de contribuer au progres de la documentation sur les systemes d'innovation regionaux. Trois questions interdependantes constituent les themes cles a partir desquels on structure l'article. Le premier traite de la nature meme du systeme. Le deuxieme concerne les limites des districts industriels, des clusters et des systemes d'innovation regionaux, et le role des frontieres cognitives, du transfert de la connaissance et de l'apprentissage. Le troisieme se rapporte au role primordial de la connaissance et de l'apprentissage dans les clusters et les systemes d'innovation regionaux, et en particulier au role et au fonctionnement du marche du travail. Ces trois themes interdependants fournissent separement et collectivement de nouvels apercus theoriques, empiriques et de politique; ils posent aussi d'autres questions qui visent a encourager beaucoup de recherche future. Systemes d'innovation regionaux Districts industriels Clusters Connaissance et apprentissage Marches du travail Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. und Oughton C. Regionale Innovationssysteme: Theorie, Empirie und Politik, Regional Studies. In den letzten drei Jahrzehnten ist das Interesse an regionalen Innovationssystemen stark gewachsen, was teils auf die Fortschritte bei der theoretischen Analyse, teils auf das wachsende Interesse an der Innovation als Quelle von Wettbewerbsvorteilen und teils auf den Bedarf an neuen Politiken zum Ausgleich von regionalen Ungleichgewichten und Divergenzen zuruckzufuhren ist. In diesem Beitrag werden die Elemente und Merkmale zur Veranschaulichung des Ansatzes fur regionale Innovationssysteme untersucht. Wir nehmen eine Bewertung und Synthese des Paradigmas der regionalen Innovationssysteme vor und versuchen, Aufschluss uber zahlreiche Bereiche mit offenen theoretischen, empirischen und politischen Fragen zu geben. Wir beschreiben und bewerten die wichtigsten Stromungen der aktuellen theoretischen und empirischen Debatten und erortern, wie sich diese Debatten fortfuhren lassen, um zur Weiterentwicklung der Literatur uber regionale Innovationssysteme beizutragen. Die zentralen Themen, um die der Artikel strukturiert ist, grunden auf drei miteinander zusammenhangenden Fragen. Die erste dieser Fragen betrifft das wahre Wesen des eigentlichen Systems. Die zweite bezieht sich auf die Grenzen von Industriebezirken, Clustern und regionalen Innovationssystemen und die Rolle von kognitiven Grenzen, Wissensubertragung und Lernen. Die dritte bezieht sich auf die zentrale Rolle des Wissens und Lernens in Clustern und regionalen Innovationssystemen und insbesondere auf die Rolle und Funktion des Arbeitsmarktes. Diese drei bereichsubergreifenden Themen ermoglichen fur sich getrennt und gemeinsam neue theoretische, empirische und politische Erkenntnisse; ebenso werfen sie weitere Fragen auf, die kunftig zu umfangreicher weiterer Forschung Anlass geben sollten. Regionale Innovationssysteme Industriebezirke Cluster Wissen und Lernen Arbeitsmarkte Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. y Oughton C. Sistemas de innovacion regional: teoria, empirismo y politica, Regional Studies. El interes en los sistemas de innovacion regional ha crecido de modo significativo en los ultimos treinta anos, impulsado en parte por los avances en los analisis teoricos, en parte por el creciente interes en la innovacion como una fuente de ventaja competitiva y en parte por la necesidad de nuevas politicas que aborden las desigualdades y la divergencia regionales. En este articulo analizamos los elementos y las caracteristicas que ilustran el enfoque de los sistemas de innovacion regional. Ofrecemos una valoracion y sintesis del paradigma de los sistemas de innovacion regional con el objetivo de arrojar luz sobre toda una serie de areas en las que las cuestiones teoricas, empiricas y politicas quedan por responder. Destacamos y evaluamos las principales tendencias de los recientes debates teoricos y empiricos y analizamos como podrian desarrollarse para contribuir a un mayor progreso de la bibliografia sobre los sistemas de innovacion regional. Este articulo se ha estructurado basicamente en torno a tres cuestiones interrelacionadas. La primera cuestion trata sobre la propia naturaleza del mismo sistema. La segunda trata sobre los limites de las comarcas industriales, las aglomeraciones y los sistemas de innovacion regional, y el papel de las fronteras cognitivas, la transferencia de conocimiento y el aprendizaje. La tercera trata sobre el papel central del conocimiento y el aprendizaje en las aglomeraciones y los sistemas de innovacion regional, y especialmente sobre el papel y la funcion del mercado laboral. Estos tres temas transversales por separado y colectivamente ofrecen una nueva perspectiva teorica, empirica y politica; tambien plantean otras cuestiones cuya finalidad es estimular muchas mas investigaciones en el futuro. Sistemas de innovacion regional Comarcas industriales Aglomeraciones Conocimiento y aprendizaje Mercados de trabajo [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. 'Breaking Out' and 'Breaking In': Changing Firm Strategies in the Dutch Audiovisual Industry.
- Author
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van der Groep, Rogier
- Subjects
AUDIOVISUAL materials ,BUSINESS planning ,BROADCASTING industry ,ORGANIZATIONAL structure ,BROADCASTERS - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Dynamics of clustering and performance in the UK opto-electronics industry.
- Author
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Hendry, Chris and Brown, James
- Subjects
OPTOELECTRONICS industry ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,BUSINESS networks ,COMMUNITY development ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Innovation, Networking and Proximity: Lessons from Small High Technology Firms in the UK.
- Author
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Romijn, Henny and Albu, Mike
- Subjects
HIGH technology industries ,SMALL business - Abstract
The article explores how the innovative performance of small high-tech firms relates to their external networking activities, and whether geographical proximity in their network relations matters. Data from a small sample of electronics firms and software developers in South East England are used to construct indicators of innovativeness, which are correlated with variables capturing intensity of external interactions and proximity benefits. The regional science base is found to have played a key role in nurturing new high-tech ventures, but science parks had not contributed to this. Interaction with parties with complementary capabilities such as suppliers and service providers is also associated with high innovative performance. However, the findings do not support the current policy fashion of encouraging regional networks revolving around firms in similar business activities and close customer relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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