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This paper aims to determine the role cognitive control awareness plays in university students through their scientific writing. Results show that through an assessment-centred instruction approach embedded in reflective learning, tertiary students at a faculty of sciences can achieve greater metacognitive awareness of their learning. Fourth-year students in a physical oceanography class displayed cognitive control over established activities designed to develop their discursive writing skills (writing components included objectives, subject content, methodologies, contextualization and environmental implications on local and global scales). Scientific writing was promoted through students managing their own learning processes and cognitive control through metacognitive awareness, i.e. through a constructivist scheme embedded in formative learning. In the POST test, students scored higher primarily in the categories of writing methodologies, and bibliographies. Teacher expertise, which was mainly provided through feedback and scaffolding for student autonomy was highly valued by the students, and included considering the effects of a teacher assessing their writing and providing strategies to write a better scientific paper [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study will examine masters students’ perceptions of keeping a reflective journal (referred to here as ‘learning log’) in initial and continuing psychotherapeutic training. In line with education, medical and management training, amongst others, the use of a learning log has become an established part of initial and continuing professional development in counselling and psychotherapy. If expressive and reflective writing in this context is considered to be a significant part of the development of reflective practitioners in counselling and psychotherapy questions arise about its facilitation and assessment in relation to student perceptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sharing personal teaching stories provides opportunities for enhanced wellbeing and learning for both experienced and pre-service teachers. This paper shares the results of a qualitative pilot study that used narrative inquiry to collect and share teacher stories. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase collected humorous stories from experienced teachers recalled from the first years of their teaching career. Thematic data analysis investigated the wellbeing and learning impact on those teachers when sharing their stories. The second phase invited pre-service teachers to read and evaluate the impact of humorous stories when preparing for their first school placements. Thematic data analysis investigated the wellbeing and learning impact on pre-service teachers reading these stories. The analysis from both phases demonstrated recurring themes regarding the importance of teacher-student relationships for teacher wellbeing. The results also showed that the sharing and reading of stories had beneficial outcomes such as enhanced wellbeing and enhanced learning for both the teacher storytellers and the pre-service teacher readers. This study provides evidence that the inclusion of real-life stories offers a valuable addition to Initial Teacher Education programs as a way of developing professional and reflective practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This two-stage study was conducted to examine the awareness of policy and underlying pedagogy as well as the use of reflective practice by teaching staff (faculty) within a Scottish university. In the first stage, teaching staff completed a questionnaire; of these 14 then took part in stage two, semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were subject to thematic analysis and three main themes emerged: (1) The methods and processes of reflection ('How'); (2) The personal and organisational drivers for employing reflective practices ('Why'); and (3) The barriers to reflection ('Why not'). Significant findings included the dominance of traditional (paper-based as opposed to computer mediated) reflective writing in teaching staff's own reflection, and the importance of both formal and informal group reflection in methods and process. Reasons for reflection focused on the importance of both organisational drivers such as professional standards and awarding bodies, and personal drivers such as personal growth, identity, and psychological wellbeing. Barriers to reflection included both the concrete such as insufficient time and lack of opportunities to share resources, as well as the attitudinal and cultural. Possible ways of tacking these barriers also emerged. Implications for organisational and individual practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand the experience of reflective activity from the perspective of Teacher Learners (TLs) encountering reflective ideas for the first time. By identifying elements of a pedagogic reflective task they found most valuable and plausible, the study seeks to provide insights to improve educators' presentation of reflective ideas. It investigates the experiences of 20 language teachers writing reflections on classroom teaching during a programme of formal instruction. Writers' decisions are examined intensively to identify which phases/elements of an idealized cycle they chose to extend while engaged in a reflective task. Writers' commentaries on their writing, collected after the period of their instruction, were also analysed to discover the elements they found plausible and valuable beyond their utility for the course. The study found that writers looking back at their accounts tended to locate most value in practical, 'descriptive' sections of their writing rather than those linking to academic theory, or more 'critical' modes of reflection. Nevertheless, interviewee responses indicated that many had a nuanced sense that such higher-level modes of reflection might have value outside the formal circumstances of the programme. The paper finally offers practical suggestions that respond to these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflective practice, in simplest form, means recalling about one's experience to learn from it and plan future course of action. Reflective practice is quite popular in educational field to impart deeper insights to the students. However, there is a scarce understanding of how students reflect during online internships (on their own), outside the realms of traditional classroom. Hence, this paper endeavors to study how students reflect during internships and subsequent impact of reflective practices on students' learning during internship. The study was conducted on nine voluntary students who participated in reflective practices during their eight-week internships. Their experiences, post internships, were analyzed (using thematic analysis). The analysis generated three themes for reflection among students. They are hypothesis testing during uncertainty, metacognition, and future planning based on the lessons learned. The empirical study also uncovers how reflective practice leads to self-awareness, self-regulation, and professional grooming, stress relief during internship. The managerial implication for educational institutes is to include faculty guided and group led reflective assignments in curriculums for better experiential learning. Our study contributes to growing literature of reflective practices in educational field outside the conventional classroom setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a description of recent transformative learning applications in four broad areas – health care study abroad, community, and the workplace. The applications were selected from a literature review of English language articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 2010 to 2020. To describe the applications in each of the four broad areas, the paper focuses on the rationale for the studies, their settings, their context, the reported transformation or outcome as well as the impediments and facilitating factors for the transformation. The paper also includes an overview of research designs and instruments that can be generally used to study applications of transformative learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the authors' exploration of an arts-based practice, called imagined dialogue, as a means for engaging in reflective discourse in the current, global context of political polarization. We introduce the practice of imagined dialogue, taking the readers along on our continued learning journey of the implications of this practice for educational contexts. We highlight the connections of imagined dialogue to the theory and practice of transformative learning. This paper suggests that writing and embodying imagined dialogue can prepare people for real dialogue, allowing them to more deeply understand their own positions, as well as to empathize with and respect the positions of others. In addition to introducing the theoretical background and steps to engaging in the imagined dialogue process, we share several examples; including our own experiences using imagined dialogue in personal contexts, and group processing of a dialogue about an issue of national political significance. Using imagined dialogue is a skill that can be learned and strengthened, enabling learners to engage in and model the practice of critical, reflective discourse over time – even in the emotionally charged political sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper elaborates on a number of key success factors of transformative learning (TL) theory as well as provides arguments that validate them. The paper at hands lines out how transformative learning can improve teams in start-ups and NGOs to the direction of education for sustainable development (ESD). Moreover, social structures and belief systems can influence learning in a way that learners make transformation of their experiences in various means. It exemplifies how Mezirow's theory can be put into practice and includes results from collaborative and social learning, personal transformation, team spirit as well as learning environments. The case studies make use of new skills and values via guided interviews. Data from 42 qualitative interviews are analysed and used to argument that transformative learning can be practiced, with success factors, in start-ups and NGOs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this conceptual paper, we present a professional practice-oriented Multidimensional Model of Reflective Practice (MMRP) and a Critical Incident Reflection (CIR) protocol as worthwhile tools for supporting teacher candidates (TCs) to become more self-directed, multi-faceted, and holistic in their reflective practice. The model presents reflection as a complex endeavor situated in a dynamic milieu. It emphasizes the complementary nature of professional competencies of knowledge, skills, and disposition, and the interrogation of an incident through technical, contextual, and critical reflection as well as reflection-in, -on, and -for-action. The CIR protocol provides scaffolding support for TCs as they move toward becoming independent reflective practitioners. Together, the MMRP and CIR protocol facilitate multidimensional reflection. We present a case for providing a more deliberate support for reflection. In doing this, we define reflection, highlight its common frameworks, and discuss the significance of intentional and systematic reflection on professional competencies. In the conclusion, we bring these ideas together to discuss the implications for a self-directed and agentic approach to reflection and professional growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two adult educator professors share reflections on their dialogues, spanning 15 years, focusing on their journey of work and learning at a research-intensive university. Authors refer to intrinsic principles, values, and a shared commitment to contributing to a community shaped and influenced by an intentional focus on 'relationality' in support of individual and collective well-being. By reflecting on dialogues, past and ongoing, an enduring commitment to co-creating learning spaces sustained by care, compassion, and positive regard for colleagues and students is realized. Authors advance a commitment to community as essential to support work and learning spaces that thrive. This discourse is located in the current neoliberal milieu where a focus on performance germane to teaching, securing research funding, scholarship productivity, and compliance pervades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will describe the theoretical and conceptual framework that underpins a new model of reflection designed for health and social care students in practice-based learning settings and qualified professionals engaged in work-based learning. The Me, My, More, Must approach has been designed to help learners considerwho they areand what impact their values might havebeforea description of the particular experience, situation or incident. The paper outlines the influence of movements that have emerged to support the adoption of values-based approaches to clinical practice and the development of values-based reflection. A values-based approach to the delivery of healthcare has emerged in response to several high-profile ‘moral catastrophes’, such as the public inquiry led by Sir Robert Francis QC which described poor standards of care at Stafford Hospital; and the abuse inflicted on residents at the Winterbourne View unit. Re-conceptualisations of the purpose of reflection and initiatives such as the 6Cs (compassion, caring, communication, competence, courage and commitment) are influencing a post-Francis era where values are not only determining selection and recruitment of students and staff, but the nature of practice through the emergence of values-based reflection. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper represents a reflection on craft as a process that stimulates self-development. Central to this approach is the perception of craft, not as a means of production, but as an exercise of relating to the world. The paper suggests that through the dialogue between the mind, body and environment craft practitioners experience a particular form of connection with the world that reshapes their perceptual and conceptual understanding of it. Rather than following an ego-driven tendency to control, a craftsperson is exposed to modes of ‘knowing’ and ‘being’ that embrace the inherent uncertainty of a complex world. The learning experience of a novice (lead author) demonstrates such a course of development in this paper. In particular, the liminal space that needs to be created for the dialogue between the self and the non-self is explored. This personal narrative is woven together with the experience of craft masters within different social contexts and value systems (from traditional to modern to postmodern) and their views on the process of being and becoming a craftsperson. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper reports on an action research study conducted in 2015 with five in-service English language teachers from an ELT undergraduate programme of a university in the central part of Mexico over a period of 9 weeks by means of two video recorded classroom observations and different spaces for professional dialogue (a focus group, one on one feedback discussions and personal interviews). Overall, the study revealed that teachers have the ability to be critically reflective about their teaching given the appropriate conditions which Reflective Practice (RP) necessitates such as opportunity, time, and assistance from others, often lacking in everyday teaching scenarios, traditional evaluative classroom observations and conventional teacher education programmes. Hence, by challenging the 'status quo' of classroom observations in this context, the RP processes carried out helped teachers understand and reconstruct their teaching knowledge especially in terms of students' responses to their instructional decisions and the impact this had on how their classes unfolded. It promoted an alternative way to fulfil the goal of teacher development, not through a 'transmission' model of education but through a process in which teachers learn and continue to develop their skill in dialogue within a professional community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper advances discourse pertaining to the development of a reflective practice model in engineering leadership. It is based on reflective experiences over a four-year period that were developed as part of a Doctoral in Business Administration module. It is contextualised within an engineering consultancy and the narrative is described from an Engineering Leadership perspective; the narrative is also woven with theory and there is the inclusion of a DBA Practitioner lens on the findings. The paper identifies the model developed for reflective practice and presents evidence of personal learning and thinking styles as its outcome. The paper concludes that reflective practice is a personal journey of learning and that model development is a choice of what suits the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper features an autoethnographic approach in presenting and reflecting upon the story of one higher education student’s rapid vocational and academic transformation. Initially an inconspicuous undergraduate student, Andrew experienced an accelerated development that catapulted him to working in elite sport performance analysis (PA) environments, within a year. PA is a sub-discipline of sports coaching that involves using the latest technological advances to influence sporting performance, through the objective analysis of performance data. This autoethnographic piece is partly Andrew’s personal reflection upon that journey towards his newfound profession, which initially grew out of his experience of a generic sports degree at a university. Through stepping out of his comfort zone, and analysing sports previously unknown to him, extraordinary progress was made, and various vocational and academic opportunities arose. The initial catalyst for this developmental journey was facilitated by coaching lecturer David, who reflects upon how Andrew’s story links to his own educational philosophies. Andrew and David explore what these stories might mean to them personally, including potential links to the metaphor of learning as becoming, and notions around the concepts of learner agency, and educational facilitation. The paper ends by exploring the theoretical frameworks that guided this paper’s structure and focus. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Nursing students need support in order to be able to intertwine caring science theory with practice through reflection. In this theoretical paper a nursing student-run health clinic based on lifeworld led learning and caring is described and propounded as providing such support. The student nurses are offered possibilities for integrating theoretical and practical knowledge by the re-location of parts of the theoretical courses to this innovative learning environment. In applying a phenomenological attitude, both in the learning situation and in the caring situation, the natural (unreflective) attitude is challenged in order for the student nurses to gain a deeper and broader understanding of caring science within their caring practice and vice versa. This means that the nursing students can develop a reflective caring approach that is important in order to become both sensitive and sensible nurses. This paper can be supportive for nurse educators in developing nursing education to meet the needs of the modern society. Our perspective on health, well-being and reflective learning can also inspire persons who work in clinical practice and with health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Success in high performance sport has always been highly valued. Today, lucrative contracts, sponsorship deals and opportunities for celebrity status are balanced against substantial time spent training and high chances of failure. With pressure mounting on athletes to make the most of their athletic ‘investment’, the temptation to compromise their future well-being by exploiting their bodies for short-term gain and/or by cheating is growing. The aim of this paper is to explore the utility of sustainability science for thinking about these types of issues. Sustainability science is an emerging field which seeks to preserve the well-being of the planet and those on it by exploring the potential of nature and culture without compromising the future resource base. It specializes in developing holistic perspectives, considering multiple time scales, optimizing current systems without compromising the carrying capacity of the Earth, but also questioning the values and principles that dominate current ways of producing and consuming. Sustainability science acknowledges that we live in a rapidly changing world characterized by high levels of complexity and uncertainty. The proposition developed in this paper is that an exploration of sustainability perspectives can be generative in re-thinking and re-orienting the principles of high level competitive sports. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper examines the use of reflective practices in the personal learning journey of a part-time, volunteer, youth sport coach. Using autoethnographic and reflective texts, the paper explores the centrality of values in coaching practice, the tensions and conflicts created by them and their denial, and the consequent impact on the coach’s behaviour and emotions. The use of reflection in a practice setting to gain a deeper understanding of those values and conflicts is discussed. The paper concludes with an assessment of the potential benefits of, and obstacles to, effective and critical reflective practices for the youth sport coach and offers some recommendations for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

At the University of the West Indies, large courses often require the involvement of multiple persons in their delivery. Within the English Language Foundation Unit, several of the courses offered cater to over 500 students in any given semester. The large number of students necessitates multiple practitioners providing instructions as part of the same course offering. While stylistics may vary, there is the need for course instruction and content to depict uniformity. Practitioners’ conceptualization of a specific topic will inform the instruction received by students. In instances where practitioners do not conceptualize content in a like manner, students within the same course may receive varied instruction, thus affecting student output and overall evaluation. The paper looks specifically at a service course offered at the University of the West Indies and the practices of the multiple persons involved in the teaching of the course. It provides an overview of practitioners’ discussion of their conceptualization of content areas within the courses and assesses the extent to which there are variations and/or similarities. It also discusses how these impact teaching and learning. The research seeks to derive an actionable direction for collaboration and further discussions within large service courses with the aim of improving teaching and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper showcases the work of Third Space professionals in a complex higher education (HE) setting, and specifically its impact on the building of trust relationships and innovative approaches. It makes use of a case-study methodological approach, reflecting on the experiences of various stakeholders within pilot phases. The findings reveal challenges related to maintaining trust relationships, which can be threatened by technicist approaches. The reflective case study explores an innovative live-streaming project and the related pedagogical approaches by Instructional Design experts, as Third Space professionals, who have carved out a critical space within a HE setting. This investigation, and its related lessons, highlights that learning-and-teaching aspects, training and support, reconciliation of trust relationships, can be applied to Third Space professionals in other HE institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Facilitation is a key ‘ingredient’ in the success and sustainability of communities of practice. Yet, little attention has been given toin situexperiences of facilitators of these communities. This paper takes up the challenge to explore these experiences using reflective stories written by seven TATAL (Talking about Teaching and Learning) facilitators (the authors) from different disciplines in five different Australian universities. The authors’ collaborative analysis of their experiences suggests reframing the role of facilitator to include the role of alchemist, a promoter of transformation. This reframing has the potential to change the way higher education community of practice facilitators think about and enact their role. The story-based reflective process used in this self-study could also be used by facilitators to investigate their own practice, as a component of facilitator education programmes or by academics and researchers in other contexts who seek a participatory, collaborative approach to evaluate their practice. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The following study was an exploratory journey to examine reflective practice amongst students taking the undergraduate paper ‘Communities and Addiction’. This paper has been an elective paper within the Health Sciences for third year students at the University of Auckland for three years. The students were instructed to reflect on two assignments after they had written each one. The first assignment focused on addiction models and the second assignment focused on social marketing as a public health approach to potentially addictive behaviour (e.g. substance abuse, gambling, and eating disorders). The findings from the first assignment suggested that students developed (or enhanced) empathy towards sufferers of addiction. The findings from both of the assignments revealed that many of the students were developing reflective skills, though often this was at quite a basic level. These findings suggested that more guidance and feedback is needed to aid students in the reflective journey. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper is concerned with the ways in which reflective practice is learnt, taught and assessed within the profession of occupational therapy. It utilises individual experiences of reflection of both students and staff members in university and practice placement settings. The discussion places reflection within learning a profession’s way of being and individual learner’s relation to this ‘sense of being’. It concludes that the ‘rote’ way in which reflection is currently used to demonstrate evidence of reflective practice is detrimental to the development of a reflective professional, in this instance, an occupational therapist. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper explores the complexity of developing decision-making skills in elite netball. Using the attacking centre pass as a theme, we present a framework designed to develop decision-making capabilities of the coach, performers and the players collectively as a team. The paper exemplifies the integration of reflective practice principles into coaching strategies, as the cyclic link between the ‘off-court’ slow deliberate environment and the ‘on-court’ applied performance environment. Using a five-stage framework adapted from field hockey, we describe various reflective mechanisms which can be used and incorporated into coaching strategies to develop effective team decision making. The paper utilises a period of preparation from a world cup programme to demonstrate how a coach can empower players individually and collectively as a team to reflect ‘on-action’ which, in turn, facilitates the coach, players and team ‘reflecting-for-action’ and ultimately ‘in-action’. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article presents some recent experiences of reflective practice within a UK university business school by two lecturers who are currently reading for doctoral degrees in education, and is partly based on material presented at 'The First International Theorising Education Conference' at the University of Stirling in June 2010. It describes how, having agreed to meet regularly to discuss the implications of postmodern educational theories for their practice, the authors set about holding a series of 'learning conversations', each beginning with a presentation and discussion of a reading from educational theory or philosophy of education and with no further agenda than a 'live encounter with the other'. The paper includes a review of some useful texts dealing with both the practicalities and some theoretical frameworks within which to locate reflective practice. There follows a discussion of the rationale for using unconventional ways of presenting (and re-presenting) experiences of this kind of activity. The authors use a layered text technique to illustrate one way of doing this, and to present (re-present) parts of learning conversations held between January and June 2010. The essential claim of this paper is that while a great deal of literature on reflective practice seems to concentrate on 'reflection on practice', there is also a need for discussions about the interface between educational theory and pedagogical practice as a particular means of moving ourselves beyond the limits of a self-referential context into a more open-ended and critical space in which we learn to name our experience in new ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I reflect on my research interests and the significance of my personal learning in the course of my doctoral research journey. The paper particularly addresses how we learn and how we come to know, as well as considering the implications of this for teaching and learning in schools today. It builds on the many synchronistic experiences - ideas, authors and books - that became sources of inspiration for me, and especially the idea of deep learning. The U describes a deep learning process of transformational change characterised by deepening perception and awareness articulated in three major stages: transforming perception, transforming self and will, and transforming action. The paper represents my participation in a facilitated collaborative research group in which we were encouraged to experiment with creative ideas such as painting, writing Haiku and poetry as a way of exploring and clarifying our research ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leaders are faced with challenges that are personally and professionally complex. In order to meet these challenges leaders need to be flexible, self-reflective and continually looking for new ways to deepen understanding of their own leadership. Engagement with art based learning enables an innovative and creative exploration of beliefs, values and experiences. The paper draws on mask making workshops that explore leadership style and behaviour as well as feelings and agendas that may be hidden. The paper argues that this constitutes qualitative research with the mask maker as both researcher and the researched. The activity, as well as being enjoyable and intriguing in itself, models creative and lateral thinking, develops self awareness and can enable access to information beyond the objective through the expressive metaphor of the mask. Working with visual, emotional and aesthetic literacies, further developed through non-directive professional dialogue, can lead to a more effective, authentic and therefore ethical leadership. Feedback from participants suggests that the exploration of experience through art based methods offers a valuable process, in parallel with more usual and logical approaches to reflection, and helps to explore both conscious and unconscious drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The time dimension has become increasingly important in organisational management studies. Various concepts have been developed: temporary work, temporary systems, projectification and temporary organisations. Many aspects have already been studied; for example, relationship structures, the characteristics of projects that temporary organisations (TOs) intend to implement and develop, legal forms, the different sectors in which TOs have been disseminated, and the degree to which they have been formalised. However, one aspect that has still not been studied in depth is the specificity of their temporariness and the specificities of the organisational, social and learning systems that this encourages. In this paper, we consider a temporary organisation as an organisation composed of teams belonging to two or more non-temporary organisations (NTOs) collaborating to achieve a certain objective and giving themselves a precise structure and roles and a set timescale established ex ante. The paper seeks to answer the following questions: What were the characteristics of the Reflect-OR project, as 'read' through a TO lens? What type of relationships take shape in TOs between the two qualities of persistence and temporariness, and what effects do these have on individual and organisational learning? In what way does the ex ante limited timescale affect participants' empowerment? How does the specificity of the TO affect social processes and the results achievable? What characteristics should a participatory and appreciative, action and reflection (PAAR) TO have, i.e., a TO that helps generate systems of activity within which learning and reflection can be appreciative, democratic, participatory and ethical? What type of project management do TOs require? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the findings of a five-month graduate consulting project in a psychiatric clinic. The project was distinguished by the fact that I, the student consultant, had been a clinician in this system for several years, eventually leaving to practice in a larger university setting. Issues related to managing biases and maintaining the integrity of the consulting role will be an area of inquiry. Paradoxes that exist in the two systems will be highlighted in the context of bureaucratic obstacles and the ongoing stress of offering care in psychiatry. The paper will discuss factors that influence reflective practice using theoretical perspectives by Argyris and Schon, as well as exploring the conscious and unconscious forces that influence organizational learning. Using the metaphor of Plato's 'Allegory of the Cave' the paper will describe how the journey back to the system helped to inform my understanding of the various ingredients involved in transforming practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper is a conversation with the implicit and explicit expectations of the academy, namely that as doctoral students we must achieve a high degree of intellectual autonomy and generate new knowledge. We contest the implications of this view of learners and learning - that learners are autonomous intellectual agents, that knowledge is a private possession, that cognition is an individual process, and that learning is a static and singular path. We propose instead an understanding of learning as pathmaking, which suggests a creative, richly textured, open-ended, collaborative and passionate process through which new possibilities emerge. This paper comes out of our shared experiences of doctoral studies in Education. We began with initial conversations about our learning in an Ontario Faculty of Education, which then unfolded into a decision to write a paper together. Our process oscillated between individual writing, shared discussion, and analysis. After jointly identifying six keywords, each of us wrote a reflection about a different one - then we merged our individual reflections into a larger whole. The authorial voices in the paper vary between 'I' (representing individual reflections of six authors) and 'we' (representing the collective voice). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this paper is a development process of 'Personas'; fictitious characters are used to reflect on norms and perspectives of practice. Although reflective practice is a well-known process to enhance and support learning, improvement, development, etc., it is not easy to implement. Drawing on theories of action, this paper describes learning gained through using the Persona method within a research project called the Future Factory. The process of developing a Persona includes a reflective examination of the case approached and an analysis and Persona creation development that go hand-in-hand. Lessons learned are that the process of creating Personas has contributed to a critical reflection of investigation contexts and that both the technique itself and the process of creating Personas has contributed to re-framing practice among participants in the Future Factory project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research supervision is crucial and the literature very well emphasizes the fundamental role that research supervisors play in the entire process of research work. We are novice researchers and student-teachers, who have tried to manifest the strong link between the theory and practice of research supervision by reflecting on their concerted efforts of research under the supervision of a senior faculty, an Assistant Professor at the Aga Khan University-Institute for Educational Development (AKU-IED) Karachi, Pakistan. We narrate how, initially, our supervisor gauged our conceptual and intellectual level of understanding of the areas to be researched, our emerging professional needs, helped us to examine or explore that particular topic or area, and how she created a working environment in which the consensus between the research supervisor and the supervisees developed. The paper illustrates how the constructive feedback from the supervisor helped to bring clarity and focus when writing and presenting the research proposals, and how the supervisor's critical questioning brought rigor in the data analysis and took us as researchers to a desirable level of producing the research text. This paper also highlights how the research supervisor, as a mentor, contributed to the development of our research skills as supervisees and enabled us to carry out research following the requirements of quality and ethics in qualitative educational research. Although the paper reflects the learning experiences of us as two student-teachers, from the broader perspective of research supervision it also provides some useful groundwork for both novice researchers and research supervisors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is informed by narrative research undertaken as part of continuous reflection on our individual practice. It is based on student responses to experience of study and professional development as part of collaborative reviews and discussion forums. This is informal research, based on qualitative approaches. The paper considers how students are facilitated to take control of their own learning and engage in reflective practice through a paradigm of heutagogy, which explores the processes involved as student's start to engage in self-directed study. As course programme leaders it is necessary alongside this that we enable course teams to become conscious of the processes of reflection and to be critical of their own practice, values and attitudes towards learners. This collaborative paper therefore represents a spiral of reflection on our experiences, as we explore the implementation of theory and practice - in terms of reflection on learning and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment is one of the most important tools in teaching and learning in any academic institution, but it is rarely measured in effort, time and effectiveness. As a student practice lecturer, I faced many challenges as well as learning opportunities while working in higher education in the UK. In this paper, I explore some of the important concepts and issues to be considered while assessing or marking students' written work - academic essays and reports - by reflecting on my own experience of learning at a UK university. This paper concludes that providing appropriate advice and guidance, i.e. feedback, would help students develop strategies for improving their learning and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is common in many professional subject areas for students to undertake periods of work-based experience as part of their studies. Research suggests that by reflecting on their experience, student learning can be enhanced. As a result it is common for students to produce reflective diaries, journals, logs or e-portfolios during their placements. The paper reviews literature on reflective practice and relates it to the findings of a number of small-scale studies investigating students' perceptions of recording and reflecting in the built environment professions, principally architecture and construction management. The findings suggest that the levels of reflection that students achieve are likely to be influenced by their individual propensity and willingness to reflect, the focus of reflection that students perceive they need to adopt, and the structure and support students are provided with to help them reflect. The paper concludes by proposing a hypothetical model that relates these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is founded on two alternative views of how data might be conceptualised: the patchwork text and bricolage. The data consist of sets of personal reflections and information from secondary sources. It began as Christine's personal reflection, a learning journey, and with Philip's thought points of the differing conceptualisations of reflection at the European Teacher Education Network (ETEN) Conference 2006. From these starting points, the paper evolved into a collection of reflective thoughts, sometimes connected and sometimes not, interweaving past with present and centring on different contexts and times. The paper also draws on contributions from the ETEN Reflective Practice Thematic Interest Group (TIG) presentations, most focusing on the role of reflection in learning. It explores their meaning in the context of personal connections and responses, both immediate and retrospective. In addition, it attempts to demonstrate a growth of capacity for personal reflection and invites the reader to engage in a complex weave of narratives from which they can create their own meaningful reflection. In bringing together the sets of data into a whole, we attempt to create a narrative style patchwork text of different perspectives, yet at the same time the paper is constructed as a bricolage with different layers disturbing the narrative flow, while maintaining a reflective focus on the concepts within. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we explore some of our cross-cultural experiences of learning to teach in three different contexts. Drawing upon a conceptual framework of narrative inquiry we see individual lives as stories lived and told. In this sense our teaching practices are conceived as having been composed over time as our lives unfolded in various contexts alongside and in relationship with different people. Learning to teach in new settings and finding hope in our lived experiences occurred reflectively and relationally. In this paper we inquire into how spaces of hope can be developed and sustained for teachers practicing in contexts different than their own cultural and/or educational backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which the reflection presented in student teachers' teaching practicum contributes to the development of their professional knowledge. The paper addresses the task of investigating the quality of teacher reflection in its guided forms. By using the procedures of guided reflection, this paper builds a conceptual account with which to structure and describe the forms of reflection presented in student teachers' reflective talk. Based our results, there is a need to investigate more closely what creates changes in teachers' knowledge and what kind of reflective processes can contribute to such changes. We hope that the procedure of guided reflection opens new opportunities for studying the development of teachers' professional learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the authors' reflections on the development of a masters unit in a faculty of education. This development, driven by a reflective action framework based on Kemmis and McTaggart's action research spiral, is measured by a qualitative evaluation using three distinct viewpoints: lecturer, educational designer and student. The unit evaluation highlights our 'thematic concerns' of student centredness, reflective practice and designing for active learning as being a cyclical 'action reflection' process. This paper explores the journey taken by the lecturer and educational designer from concept to delivery and the lessons learned through the evaluation of the collaborative and reflective development process. The paper is a follow up to a previous paper that described the development of the unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is in response to Chak’s paper Reflecting on the self: an experience in the preschool . In this paper, issues central to the nature of reflection (e.g., problem and time of reflection) are reconsidered as ways that help to question the manner in which Chak has conducted her reflective study. In so doing, the central issue is to find new ways of moving beyond reflection and so, the methodology of self-study is briefly explained and offered as a vehicle for creating ways of extending reflection in more rigorous and meaningful ways. The purpose of the methodology of self-study is in helping practitioners to better articulate the knowledge of practice at the heart of their work. Self-study then is important in creating ways of making knowledge development move beyond the individual to the professional community more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The learning achieved by individuals through their work‐based activity is unique and differentially experienced. It involves a combination of intuitive reasoning, inference and inductive thinking which is normally tacit and not available for analysis. In this paper I present research undertaken with groups of adult students training to work as mentors on a community mentoring project, in an attempt to explore how they learned from their mentoring encounters through the use of reflective practice. Each mentor was asked to keep a reflective diary using a specific model of guided reflection. A number of models of reflective practice are discussed in the paper and the briefing and debriefing methods used to help students understand the concept and processes are presented. Results from questionnaires and focus groups, in which mentors were asked to reflect on the efficacy of the reflective practice model, are also used. In addition, a discussion of earlier work with groups of students undertaking work placements in industry is also included in order to illustrate how the use of a model of structured reflection can have relevance for work‐based learning in a variety of contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how reflective practice can act as a catalyst for change and ‘add value’ to the learning process of the partners involved in professional development programmes. The concept of added value is widely used in business and education but to what extent can the concept be articulated and realized? This paper provides some insight into how the process of reflection was introduced and sustained within professional development programmes. We evaluate and reflect upon four key interventions designed as a catalyst for change with the aim of enhancing the transfer and articulation of learning across the educational and the work community. We question if reflecting upon learning can add value and whether the partners involved in the learning process can support the transition from reflection, to action in order to maximize the change process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper challenges the assumption that learning is a process of conscious mastery. In its place if offers the notion that learning is something we live within. Implicit in this are questions about how learning happens and how experience is conceived as learning. Accordingly, the paper will offer a series of provocations to 'find the learning in the experience'. In doing so it will test the senses alongside the intellect and the resonance of the experience alongside its cultural definition. To facilitate this, the paper will reflect upon the 'body in learning' and the means whereby this is received and expressed. Central to the discussion will be the stimulus contained in emotional experience. Here, reflection upon the 'ecology' of embodied experience will be addressed. Influences upon this work range far and wide. They include Augusto Boal, Humberto Maturana, Constantin Stanislavski, Aaron Williamson and others. Because it is configured in terms of learning rather than healing, the orientation of the paper is towards a working understanding rather than resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe an innovative professional development program for practicing k-12 teachers, called Initiatives in Educational Transformation, that is designed to enable classroom teachers to reconceptualize their roles and transform their teaching by developing their reflective practice (Schön, 1983). The program is built around a philosophy of teaching and learning that emphasizes moral professionalism (Sockett, 1993), school-based inquiry, continuous improvement and collaborative work in teams. While few of the efforts to foster change in schools and classrooms begin their analyses with the voices and experiences of teachers, in this paper we turn to the voices and experiences of teachers to begin to explore the role of reflective practice in educational transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the importance of understanding silence in the process of reflection in relation to teaching and learning. We can assume that silence means different things to different people, and that it can communicate many and different things. Silence can, so to say, be 'used' in various ways. We can, for example, elect to be silent, but in some situations silence is imposed, as one cannot find words to respond. Irrespective of the reason for the silence, one can emphasise that a non-message is also a message—the silence tells us something. This line of reasoning can lead one to an interpretation and conclusion that silence becomes a language when the ordinary vocabulary is not enough, or when one favours silence above the spoken word. Within this paper multiple meanings of silence, as well as different expressions of silence, will be highlighted. Finally, the value of silence in the process of reflection on teaching and learning will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a reflective methodology of the body as a resource for reflective practice based on an analysis of my personal response and experience of autobiographical narrative. It offers an approach in which the movements and markings of the body serve as important sites for collecting additional evidence of the daily practices that shape our lives. The paper extends and develops the notion of reassembling 'artifacts' from Watson and Wilcox (2000), in order to expand the possibilities for enlarging methods of reflection. Two forms of artifact are presented: visual illustration and movement vignette. Re-collecting and reading these artifacts, allows the personal history stored in the body, as well as the body's contemporaneous knowledge to become more accessible for examination, dialogue and reflection. In a dialectic relationship with narrative writing, an example is presented of this reflective model that mines one's impulses for motion and stillness, movement and marking. Drawing upon the researcher's larger concerns, the paper concludes with a critical discussion of autobiographical inquiry and sexuality, heterocentric value systems, and reflective practitioners' ability to exhume the 'taken for granted' oppressions suffered in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives an embodied perspective on the use of judgements of reflective practice and reflective writing for professional development in Higher Education. Programmes for professional development in Higher Education and recognition processes for academics have become prevalent in the UK and internationally. These programmes and processes often assume, implicitly or explicitly, development or evidencing as a ‘reflective practitioner’ through pieces of reflective writing which is then judged against competencies or attainments. However, this focus on reflective practice and reflective writing is not always critical, and does not examine the different theoretical and practical interpretations of what it means to reflect, or the impact of assessing such reflections. Taking an embodied stance allows a new view into a contested area that is more habitually connected with cognitive rather than corporeal processes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper draws from phenomenological research exploring the nature of relationships in education, collaborative research exploring alternative pedagogies in educational leadership programmes and postgraduate students’ experiences of leadership. These inquiries have been brought together with the aim of outlining two pedagogical approaches which evoke an appreciation of, and contemplative stance towards, the relational sensibilities within the lived experiences of practising, emergent and aspiring educational leaders. Relational sensitivity and sensibilities are essential to how leaders show what matters in their immediate context. Relational sensibilities appear to have an enduring and ontological presence within experiences of leadership. Examples include a leader’s attunement, nous, tact and improvisation. In addition, sensibilities include how leaders remain resolute having made a moral judgement. Two pedagogical approaches that deepen leader’s relational sensibilities are outlined. One includes the interpretive and hermeneutic use of experiential stories in inquiries of leadership as a phenomenon. A second pedagogical approach, an appreciative appraisal, involves the application of Appreciative Inquiry to the life-centric nature of an individual’s professional practice. It is critically important that leadership courses engage leaders in pedagogical approaches that engender a deepening appreciation of relational sensibilities in their everyday lives. This concern underpins the need for those in leadership to revisit their everyday humanity as this leads to action sensitive praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper seeks to expose the definition of reflective practice from its seminal roots through the lens of a critical review underpinned by epistemological perspectives of the Vygotsky Principle, Temporality and Socio-Cultural Theory. The discussion includes the framing of reflective practice and the models that have been developed from discourse over time, concluding that reflective practice is a personal interpretation driven by the individual’s choice of reflective practice model. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]