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A 53-year-old man developed Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-associated monomorphic T-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) while undergoing treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia. Despite various medications, including rituximab, methylprednisolone, and foscarnet, the man's condition worsened, leading to his death due to EBV-associated monomorphic T-cell PTLD. The autopsy confirmed the cause of death as EBV-associated monomorphic T-cell PTLD and haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), with multiple organs affected by the disorder. The man's treatment history highlighted drug ineffectiveness and lack of efficacy in managing his complex medical condition. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 73-year-old woman developed acute hyponatraemia while being treated with haloperidol for schizophrenia. She was admitted to the emergency department with confusion and falls, having a history of chronic kidney disease and alcohol use disorder. After being diagnosed with acute hyponatraemia, she was managed in the medical intensive care unit, where her sodium levels were corrected, and desmopressin was administered. The woman's mental status improved after treatment, and she was eventually transferred to a skilled nursing facility for long-term care. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 79-year-old man developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with bortezomib for multiple myeloma. He presented to the emergency department with decreased consciousness and hyponatremia, leading to the diagnosis of SIADH secondary to bortezomib therapy. Treatment with urea resulted in improvement for the patient. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 70-year-old woman developed drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) while being treated with pantoprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). She had a history of GERD and cholecystectomy, and started pantoprazole in 2015. After being diagnosed with pantoprazole-induced SIADH in 2016, her dose was reduced to 20mg. In 2023, pantoprazole was switched to famotidine due to persisting hyponatremia, and by 2024 her sodium levels had normalized. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 41-year-old man with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion showed lack of efficacy during treatment with furosemide and sodium-chloride. Despite receiving IV furosemide, sodium-chloride tablets, and fluid restriction, he continued to have low serum sodium levels and signs of euvolemic hyponatremia. Further investigation revealed normocytic normochromic anemia and adrenal insufficiency secondary to a pituitary macroadenoma with apoplexy. After undergoing transsphenoidal surgery and receiving prednisone and levothyroxine-sodium post-surgery, his symptoms improved and his sodium levels normalized. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 71-year-old man with a history of various medical conditions experienced lack of efficacy with paracetamol for neuropathic pain and developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while on duloxetine treatment. His medical history included small-cell lung cancer, chronic myocardial infarction, prostatic hypertrophy, asymptomatic gallstones, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. After discontinuing duloxetine and receiving sodium supplementation, his SIADH improved, and he found partial pain relief with mirogabalin during follow-up. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 76-year-old woman developed hyponatraemia and hypophysitis while undergoing treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab for metastasised angiosarcoma of the breast. She experienced asymptomatic hyponatraemia after two months of therapy, with laboratory findings consistent with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and secondary adrenal insufficiency. Treatment with hydrocortisone led to a significant improvement in her condition, with her sodium levels stabilizing and resulting in her discharge on a maintenance regimen. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 22-year-old woman with endometriosis did not show improvement while being treated with sodium chloride for hyponatraemia. She was hospitalized for acute abdominal pain and was diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Despite receiving sodium chloride infusion, her sodium levels did not improve. Additionally, she was found to have acute intermittent porphyria and was treated with hemin, which eventually led to an improvement in her pain and hyponatraemia. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 39-year-old woman with primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with sodium chloride, spironolactone, and eplerenone. She also developed hypercalciuria while being treated with urea for hyponatremia. Despite the initial treatments not being effective, her hyponatremia responded well to oral urea, but she experienced hypercalciuria as a side effect. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 54-year-old woman developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) causing hyponatraemia while being treated with cytarabine for a lymphoproliferative lesion in the brain and leukocytosis. She had a history of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and was admitted to the hospital for suspected AML relapse. Despite receiving sodium-chloride treatment for the hyponatraemia, she unfortunately passed away due to a spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage. The article highlights the complexities and potential complications associated with cytoreductive therapy using cytarabine in patients with underlying conditions. [Extracted from the article] more...

The article "Multiple drugs: Various toxicities: 2 case reports" published in Reactions Weekly on November 23, 2024, discusses two cases of patients experiencing adverse effects from medications used for immunosuppression, atrial fibrillation, and hepatitis C virus treatment. One patient developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and persistent headaches from amiodarone and tacrolimus, while the other experienced haemolysis from tacrolimus and required a switch to ciclosporin. Both patients were treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for HCV, with successful viral load suppression. The article highlights the complexities and challenges of managing multiple drug toxicities in patients undergoing lung transplantation. [Extracted from the article] more...

A case report published in Reactions Weekly in 2024 detailed a man in his late 50s who exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with docetaxel and developed autoimmune encephalitis while on durvalumab for small cell lung cancer. The patient underwent various treatments, including sodium supplementation, tolvaptan, etoposide, cisplatin, and IV durvalumab, as well as medications to control seizures. Despite efforts, the patient's lung cancer progressed, leading to his passing due to small cell lung cancer extensive stage. The case study highlights the challenges and complexities of treating advanced lung cancer with immunotherapy. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 2-day-old girl developed hypernatraemia while being treated with sodium for hyponatraemia. She was born at 38 weeks and admitted to the neonatal ICU due to suspected holoprosencephaly. Despite experiencing sodium-induced hypernatraemia and hyponatraemia, she eventually recovered with off-label treatment using oral tolvaptan. By 80 days of life, her serum sodium levels had returned to normal. [Extracted from the article] more...

An 80-year-old woman experienced lack of efficacy, encephalopathy, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated for right-sided herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) with various antivirals and dexamethasone. She was initially diagnosed with HZO and meningoencephalitis, leading to a switch in treatment that resulted in further complications. Despite treatment adjustments, she developed cranial nerve palsies due to HZO, which persisted even after discharge and rehabilitation. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 60-year-old woman developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with sertraline for depression. She had a history of hypertension and depression, and presented with an acute confusional state. After diagnosis and treatment for hyponatremia, including withdrawal of sertraline, she experienced complete cognitive recovery and was discharged in a stable condition. Follow-up showed no recurrence of hyponatremia or need for antidepressant medication. [Extracted from the article] more...

A retrospective cohort study described a 5-month-old girl with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) who developed hyponatremia while being treated with tolvaptan and phenobarbitone. Despite switching to urea, her condition did not improve, and she eventually began palliative care. The case raised questions about the role of drug interactions and the underlying causes of hyponatremia in this specific patient. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 47-year-old woman developed anaemia and thrombocytopenia while being treated with eculizumab for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Despite subsequent treatment with methylprednisolone, she did not show any clinical improvement. The woman's condition worsened, leading to tetraparesis, paraplegia, and other severe symptoms, which were attributed to the lack of efficacy of methylprednisolone. However, after receiving IV eculizumab, she experienced significant improvement in brainstem and motor deficits, although she developed moderate anaemia and thrombocytopenia as side effects. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 26-year-old man with a history of hypertension and asthma developed worsening of pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) while being treated with hydrocortisone for adrenal insufficiency. He had recently been diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and was discharged from the hospital on multiple medications, including hydrocortisone. After experiencing symptoms such as odynophagia and chest pain, he was readmitted to the hospital and diagnosed with worsening pulmonary KS and a superimposed bacterial infection. Despite treatment, his condition deteriorated and he eventually died. Autopsy revealed that the cause of death was the rapid progression of pulmonary KS due to hydrocortisone. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 12-year-old boy with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) experienced hyperglycemia while being treated with dexamethasone, hypertriglyceridemia while being treated with pegaspargase, and lack of efficacy with sodium chloride for pseudohyponatremia. The hyperglycemia was attributed to the dexamethasone therapy, and the boy received insulin as needed. He was also treated with omega-3 fatty acids and fenofibrate for the hypertriglyceridemia. After two weeks of treatment, his triglyceride levels normalized and there was no recurrence of pseudohyponatremia. His glucose levels were closely monitored and he did not require insulin. [Extracted from the article] more...

A woman in her 90s experienced lack of efficacy while being treated with cabergoline for giant prolactinoma and hydrocortisone for secondary adrenal insufficiency. Despite dose escalation of cabergoline and subsequent treatment with hydrocortisone, her tumour size and serum prolactin level did not decrease, indicating treatment ineffectiveness. This case highlights the challenges in managing giant prolactinoma and secondary adrenal insufficiency in elderly patients, emphasizing the need for further research and alternative treatment options. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 33-year-old woman developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and hyponatremia while being treated with vasopressin for septic shock. She had a history of intravenous drug use and heroin use. After being admitted with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and E. facaelis bacteraemia, her condition worsened and she required intubation. Treatment with vasopressin led to the development of hyponatremia, which resolved after the vasopressin was stopped. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 38-year-old woman experienced various toxicities, drug intoxication, and drug overdose after receiving the tozinameran COVID-19 vaccine and taking Boswellin to strengthen her immune system. She developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), rhabdomyolysis, a generalised tonic-clonic seizure, and hyponatraemia. The woman had a history of optic neuritis and was treated with steroids, which resolved her visual impairment. After receiving the vaccine, she experienced hypersensitivity to light, ocular pain, dizziness, nausea, and lower limb weakness. Her Boswellin dosage was increased, leading to an overdose. She was hospitalised with a seizure and diagnosed with SIADH, rhabdomyolysis, and hyponatraemia. Treatment and discontinuation of Boswellin resulted in her full recovery. The SIADH was considered to be secondary to the vaccine and the drug intoxication was due to the Boswellin overdose. [Extracted from the article] more...

An adult man with autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (AD-SHE) developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) while being treated with carbamazepine. He later experienced lack of efficacy with multiple other medications, including brivaracetam, clobazam, eslicarbazepine acetate, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, perampanel, and sodium valproate for AD-SHE. After a detailed investigation, it was discovered that he had AD-SHE along with a DEPDC-5 gene mutation. Restarting carbamazepine led to immediate cessation of seizures, and he remained seizure-free on follow-up. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 72-year-old woman experienced phenothiazine intoxication due to a drug-drug interaction and a medication error. She was taking multiple medications for various conditions, including epilepsy, hypertension, hypothyroidism, and osteoporosis. The woman was mistakenly given the wrong medication by a staff member, which led to symptoms such as hypothermia, impaired consciousness, and low blood pressure. She was urgently admitted to the hospital and received treatment to manage her symptoms, including rehydration, electrolyte management, and warming. Her condition gradually improved, and she was able to resume her antipsychotic and antihypertensive medications. A year after discharge, her condition remained favorable. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 74-year-old woman experienced multiple drug toxicities while being treated for various conditions. She developed parkinsonism, hyperkalemia, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, hyponatremia, urinary retention, and nausea as side effects of different medications. Her symptoms improved after discontinuing the implicated drugs and receiving appropriate treatment. The woman was advised to increase salt intake and restrict fluids, and she was discharged with a new medication regimen. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 63-year-old woman experienced treatment failure while being treated with tolvaptan for paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). The woman had a history of hyponatremia and migraines and was later diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). She received radio-chemotherapy for SCLC and later developed new nodules in her lung and multiple lesions in her liver and pancreas. Tolvaptan was prescribed to treat her SIADH, but her condition worsened, leading to multiple hospitalizations. Unfortunately, she passed away in February 2021 due to disseminated liver metastases and liver failure. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 74-year-old man experienced the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone while being treated with vortioxetine for major depressive disorder. He presented with clouded consciousness and convulsions, leading to psychiatric intervention. The patient had a history of major depressive disorder and other physical problems. After starting vortioxetine, he developed generalised convulsions and was diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The medication was discontinued, and the patient's condition improved with alternative treatment. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 66-year-old woman developed genitourinary tract tuberculosis (GU-TB) while undergoing immunosuppressant therapy for renal transplant rejection. She also experienced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and leucopenia while being treated with rifabutin for GU-TB. The woman had a medical history of type 2 diabetes and renal failure. After discontinuing rifabutin and adjusting her medication, her condition improved, and her TB was successfully treated. Her bladder inflammation resolved, and her transplant remained stable. [Extracted from the article] more...

A case series published in Reactions Weekly describes a 30-year-old man with schizophrenia who developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with amisulpride. The man was found unconscious and convulsing and experienced a tonic-clonic epileptic crisis before being hospitalized. He was diagnosed with SIADH based on symptoms and investigational findings, and it was determined that amisulpride was the cause. The man was treated with antibiotics for suspected sepsis but later stopped. Urine and blood samples confirmed the presence of amisulpride and its metabolites. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 60-year-old man experienced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and hyponatremia while being treated for depression with duloxetine, mirtazapine, zolpidem, and lorazepam. He was hospitalized due to weakness in his lower limbs and was found to have low blood sodium levels. After discontinuing duloxetine and receiving sodium supplementation, his blood sodium levels returned to normal. The SIADH was attributed to duloxetine and mirtazapine, while the hyponatremia was linked to the concurrent use of duloxetine and zolpidem, as well as mirtazapine and lorazepam. The man's condition improved after discontinuing duloxetine and receiving sodium chloride treatment. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 23-year-old woman with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experienced hyponatremia and lack of efficacy while being treated with multiple drugs. She had a history of Mulvihill-Smith syndrome, HCC, type-2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, primary hypothyroidism, spinal hemangioma, and thyroid nodules. Despite receiving various treatments, including atezolizumab, nivolumab, lenvatinib, and cabozantinib, her disease progressed and she developed hyponatremia. She was hospitalized multiple times and her sodium levels were eventually stabilized after fluid restriction. However, due to recurrent hyponatremia episodes and lack of efficacy, her treatment with atezolizumab was discontinued. [Extracted from the article] more...

An 83-year-old man experienced lack of efficacy and worsening hyponatremia while being treated with furosemide for hyponatremia. He also developed a rebound effect of worsening hyponatremia after discontinuing sodium-chloride treatment. The man had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking, and was receiving losartan and atorvastatin. Despite initial treatment, his hyponatremia worsened, indicating a lack of effectiveness of furosemide. He was then treated with sodium-chloride and urea, which successfully resolved his hyponatremia, and he was discharged from the hospital on urea treatment. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 69-year-old woman experienced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with sertraline and citalopram for major depression. She presented with vomiting and seizures, and laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia. The SIADH was attributed to the medications, and they were discontinued. The woman made a full recovery and was discharged from the hospital. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 67-year-old man developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion while being treated with ciprofloxacin for prostatitis. He had a history of prostate hyperplasia, chronic gastritis, and depressive syndrome, and was taking other medications. He experienced symptoms such as lethargy, headache, difficulty with concentration, and a depressed mood. Laboratory tests showed hyponatremia, and other potential causes were ruled out. The man's treatment with ciprofloxacin was stopped, and he was given cotrimoxazole instead. His symptoms resolved after four days. [Extracted from the article] more...

An 83-year-old man experienced lack of efficacy and worsening hyponatremia while being treated with furosemide for hyponatremia. He also developed a rebound effect of worsening hyponatremia after discontinuing sodium-chloride treatment. The man had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking, and was receiving losartan and atorvastatin. Despite initial treatment, his hyponatremia worsened, indicating a lack of effectiveness of furosemide. He was then treated with sodium-chloride and urea, which successfully resolved his hyponatremia, and he was discharged from the hospital on urea treatment. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 69-year-old woman experienced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with sertraline and citalopram for major depression. She presented with vomiting and seizures, and laboratory tests revealed hyponatremia. The SIADH was attributed to the medications, and they were discontinued. The woman made a full recovery and was discharged from the hospital. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 67-year-old man developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion while being treated with ciprofloxacin for prostatitis. He had a history of prostate hyperplasia, chronic gastritis, and depressive syndrome, and was taking other medications. He presented with symptoms of lethargy, headache, difficulty with concentration, and a generally depressed mood. Laboratory tests showed hyponatremia and other normal results. The man's treatment with ciprofloxacin was stopped and replaced with cotrimoxazole, and he received fluid restriction. His symptoms resolved after four days. The likelihood of a probable adverse reaction to ciprofloxacin was determined using the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 4-year-old boy developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated for Burkitt lymphoma with cyclophosphamide. He also received off-label treatment with methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, and etoposide. The boy had a history of global developmental delay, an epileptic disorder, and HIV. He received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and was severely malnourished upon presentation. After receiving treatment for SIADH, he underwent oral metronomic chemotherapy (OMCT) and showed complete remission of the disease. He continued to be followed up for his developmental delay. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 75-year-old woman developed hyponatremia secondary to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) while being treated with entrectinib for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The patient had normal serum sodium levels initially, but they gradually decreased after starting entrectinib. The diagnosis of entrectinib-associated SIADH was made after ruling out other possible causes. Entrectinib was discontinued and the patient's hyponatremia resolved after 19 days. The medication was then restarted at a reduced dose and the patient had no recurrence of SIADH. [Extracted from the article] more...

An 81-year-old woman with a history of acromegaly was treated with sodium-chloride for hyponatraemia. However, the treatment was not effective, as her serum sodium levels continued to drop. She then received tolvaptan, salt tablets, and furosemide, which eventually normalized her serum sodium levels and she recovered without any neurological deficits. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 72-year-old woman developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) while being treated with haloperidol for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type II. She presented to the emergency department with altered mental status and initial laboratory tests revealed low sodium levels and other abnormalities. CT scan showed acute calculous cholecystitis with urinary retention. The woman was treated with normal saline and antibiotics, and haloperidol was discontinued. Her condition improved with increased urine output and higher sodium levels. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 40-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia experienced undetectable serum cortisol levels while being treated with dexamethasone. He initially presented with nasal obstruction and left-sided nosebleeds and was found to have syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. A random serum cortisol test showed undetectable levels, leading to suspicion of adrenal insufficiency. However, an ACTH stimulation test later revealed normal cortisol levels. It was determined that the undetectable serum cortisol was a result of the dexamethasone treatment. The man was later diagnosed with esthesioneuroblastoma and underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 54-year-old man experienced hyponatremia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) while being treated for major depressive disorder with multiple drugs, including venlafaxine, mirtazapine, fluvoxamine, agomelatine, nortriptyline, and bupropion. The patient had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and gout. Each time hyponatremia occurred, it resolved with fluid restriction and discontinuation of the antidepressant. Ultimately, the patient was able to tolerate moclobemide without experiencing a recurrence of hyponatremia. [Extracted from the article] more...

An 84-year-old woman experienced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after receiving the second dose of the tozinameran COVID-19 vaccine. She was hospitalized with symptoms including nausea, vomiting, and headache, which gradually worsened. Laboratory tests revealed decreased levels of sodium, chloride, and urinary osmolality. The woman was treated with sodium chloride and experienced significant improvement, leading to her discharge from the hospital. [Extracted from the article] more...

A 3-month-old girl experienced anaemia and intermittent neutropenia while being treated with ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis and retinitis. Despite receiving treatment with ganciclovir, foscarnet, and cytomegalovirus-immune-globulin, her CMV viral load remained elevated, and she developed end-organ disease. The lack of efficacy with these medications led to the discontinuation of foscarnet and cytomegalovirus-immune-globulin. The girl received red blood cell transfusions and eventually underwent a stem cell transplant, which resulted in the resolution of her anaemia and neutropenia. However, she experienced various complications post-transplant, including graft-versus-host disease, encephalitis, and heart failure. At 13 months of age, she remained stable but had developmental delay, visual impairment, and infantile spasms. [Extracted from the article] more...

Author InformationAn event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is:• * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important eventA 67-year-old woman developed a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) during treatment with a preconditioning regimen of melphalan. [Extracted from the article] more...

Author InformationAn event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is:• * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important eventA 56-year-old woman developed grade·II autoimmune dermatologic toxicity, polyneuropathy, anorexia, generalised weakness, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and mild deterioration in liver function tests (LFTs) during immunotherapy with pembrolizumab and ipilimumab for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma [routes not stated; not all duration of treatments to reactions stated]. [Extracted from the article] more...

Following this, his mental state improved, body temperature gradually returned to normal, and serum sodium and blood urine amylase normalised. Also, his serum sodium decreased progressively to the lowest level of 110.8 mmol/L, blood osmotic pressure was 224 mmol/L and urine sodium was 475 mmol/24 hours. Laboratory tests demonstrated PLT of 50 × 109/L, fibrinogen of 570 mg/L, fibrinogen degradation product of 320 mg/L, serum ferritin of 3470 µg/L; elevated blood amylase and positive urine trypsinogen II. [Extracted from the article] more...

On day 9 of hospitalisation, his serum sodium level was normalised to 131 mmol/L. Additionally, serum osmolality was 271 mosm/kg, urine sodium was decreased to 25 mmol/L and urine osmolality decreased to 308 mosm/kg. On day 29 of hospitalisation, his serum sodium was 130 mmol/L, serum osmolality was increase to 271 mosm/kg, urine sodium was 200 mmol/L, urine osmolality was 706 mosm/kg, urine output was increased to 800ml and fluid intake was resticted to 650ml. [Extracted from the article] more...